n00001740	that which is perceived or known or inferred to have its own distinct existence (living or nonliving)
n00001930	an entity that has physical existence
n00002137	a general concept formed by extracting common features from specific examples
n00002452	a separate and self-contained entity
n00002684	a tangible and visible entity; an entity that can cast a shadow; "it was full of rackets, balls and other objects"
n00003553	an assemblage of parts that is regarded as a single entity; "how big is that part compared to the whole?"; "the team is a unit"
n00003993	a whole (a thing or person) of the same kind or category as another; "lard was also used, though its congener, butter, was more frequently employed"; "the American shopkeeper differs from his European congener"
n00004258	a living (or once living) entity
n00004475	a living thing that has (or can develop) the ability to act or function independently
n00005787	organisms (plants and animals) that live at or near the bottom of a sea
n00005930	a plant or animal that is atypically small
n00006024	an organism that depends on complex organic substances for nutrition
n00006150	an organism (plant or animal) from which younger ones are obtained
n00006269	living things collectively; "the oceans are teeming with life"
n00006400	a discrete unit of living matter
n00006484	(biology) the basic structural and functional unit of all organisms; they may exist as independent units of life (as in monads) or may form colonies or tissues as in higher plants and animals
n00007347	any entity that produces an effect or is responsible for events or results
n00007846	a human being; "there was too much for one person to do"
n00015388	a living organism characterized by voluntary movement
n00017222	(botany) a living organism lacking the power of locomotion
n00019046	indigenous plants and animals
n00019128	an object occurring naturally; not made by man
n00019613	the real physical matter of which a person or thing consists; "DNA is the substance of our genes"
n00020090	a particular kind or species of matter with uniform properties; "shigella is one of the most toxic substances known to man"
n00020827	that which has mass and occupies space; "physicists study both the nature of matter and the forces which govern it"
n00021265	any substance that can be metabolized by an animal to give energy and build tissue
n00021734	any substance (such as a chemical element or inorganic compound) that can be taken in by a green plant and used in organic synthesis
n00021939	a man-made object taken as a whole
n00022903	one of a class of artifacts; "an article of clothing"
n00023100	a feature of the mental life of a living organism
n00023271	the psychological result of perception and learning and reasoning
n00023773	the psychological feature that arouses an organism to action toward a desired goal; the reason for the action; that which gives purpose and direction to behavior; "we did not understand his motivation"; "he acted with the best of motives"
n00024264	an abstraction belonging to or characteristic of an entity
n00024720	the way something is with respect to its main attributes; "the current state of knowledge"; "his state of health"; "in a weak financial state"
n00026192	the experiencing of affective and emotional states; "she had a feeling of euphoria"; "he had terrible feelings of guilt"; "I disliked him and the feeling was mutual"
n00027167	a point or extent in space
n00027807	the spatial arrangement of something as distinct from its substance; "geometry is the mathematical science of shape"
n00028270	the continuum of experience in which events pass from the future through the present to the past
n00028651	the unlimited expanse in which everything is located; "they tested his ability to locate objects in space"; "the boundless regions of the infinite"
n00029007	physical space independent of what occupies it
n00029114	(physics) an ideal space in which the coordinate dimensions represent the variables that are required to describe a system or substance; "a multidimensional phase space"
n00029378	something that happens at a given place and time
n00029677	a sustained phenomenon or one marked by gradual changes through a series of states; "events now in process"; "the process of calcification begins later for boys than for girls"
n00030358	something that people do or cause to happen
n00031264	any number of entities (members) considered as a unit
n00031921	an abstraction belonging to or characteristic of two entities or parts together
n00032613	anything owned or possessed
n00032823	a relation between living organisms (especially between people)
n00033020	something that is communicated by or to or between people or groups
n00033615	how much there is or how many there are of something that you can quantify
n00034213	any state or process known through the senses rather than by intuition or reasoning
n00034479	an action; "how could you do such a thing?"
n00034574	a kind act
n00034777	cosmetic surgery of the abdomen to remove wrinkles and tighten the skin over the stomach
n00034939	the act of terminating a project or procedure before it is completed; "I wasted a year of my life working on an abort"; "he sent a short message requesting an abort due to extreme winds in the area"
n00035189	the action of accomplishing something
n00035697	a festivity in ancient Greece at which competitors contended for prizes
n00035891	the action of alienating; the action of causing to become unfriendly; "his behavior alienated the other students"
n00036061	the action of putting something into operation; "the application of maximum thrust"; "massage has far-reaching medical applications"; "the application of indexes to tables of data"
n00036299	an initial accomplishment that opens the way for further developments; "the town became a beachhead in the campaign to ban smoking outdoors"; "they are presently attempting to gain a foothold in the Russian market"
n00036580	an easy accomplishment; "winning the tournament was a cakewalk for him"; "invading Iraq won't be a cakewalk"
n00036762	a notable achievement; "he performed a great feat"; "the book was her finest effort"
n00037006	an outstanding achievement
n00037090	an achievement demonstrating great skill or mastery
n00037200	used in the phrase `to your credit' in order to indicate an achievement deserving praise; "she already had several performances to her credit";
n00037396	something done (usually as opposed to something said); "there were stories of murders and other unnatural actions"
n00038175	things done
n00038262	a mode of action; "if you persist in that course you will surely fail"; "once a nation is embarked on a course of action it becomes extremely difficult for any retraction to take place"
n00038573	(figurative) a course of action that is unproductive and offers no hope of improvement; "all the clues led the police into blind alleys"; "so far every road that we've been down has turned out to be a blind alley"
n00038863	a course of action (following a given idea) that will lead to conflict if it continues unabated
n00039021	a mutual or reciprocal action; interacting
n00039211	reciprocal action and reaction
n00039297	close interaction; "they kept in daily contact"; "they claimed that they had been in contact with extraterrestrial beings"
n00039545	contact with something dangerous or undesirable; "I had a brush with danger on my way to work"; "he tried to avoid any brushes with the police"
n00039740	contact that occurs when two people look directly at each other; "a teacher should make eye contact with the students"
n00039916	the action of fetching
n00039990	contact established between applicants and prospective employees; "the agency provided placement services"
n00040152	mutual interaction; the activity of reciprocating or exchanging (especially information)
n00040420	mutual exchange of commercial or other privileges
n00040545	interchange between different cultures or different ways of thinking that is mutually productive and beneficial; "the cross-fertilization of science and the creative arts"
n00040804	social or verbal interchange (usually followed by `with')
n00040962	(usually plural) mutual dealings or connections among persons or groups; "international relations"
n00041188	the action of taking part in a game or sport or other recreation
n00041468	the act using a sword (or other weapon) vigorously and skillfully
n00041614	work of little or no value done merely to look busy
n00041740	the playing of a game of tenpins or duckpins etc
n00041899	the act of acquiring something; "I envied his talent for acquiring"; "he's much more interested in the getting than in the giving"
n00042311	the act of causing something to happen
n00042541	the act of delivering a child
n00042757	the act of departing
n00043116	brave and heroic feats
n00043195	the act of discovering something
n00043609	the act or means of getting rid of something
n00043902	(baseball) a successful stroke in an athletic contest (especially in baseball); "he came all the way around on Williams' hit"
n00044150	the act of implementing (providing a practical means for accomplishing something); carrying into effect
n00044455	the act of coming (or going) out; becoming apparent
n00044673	the act of making equal or uniform
n00044900	the act of digging something out of the ground (especially a corpse) where it has been buried
n00045114	(Judaism) a good deed performed out of religious duty
n00045250	the act of propelling
n00045646	the feat of mustering strength for a renewed effort; "he singled to start a rally in the 9th inning"; "he feared the rallying of their troops for a counterattack"
n00045907	the act of regaining or saving something lost (or in danger of becoming lost)
n00046177	the act of leaving (without permission) the place you are expected to be
n00046344	a difficult or unusual or dangerous feat; usually done to gain attention
n00046522	the act of putting two things together with no space between them; "at his touch the room filled with lights"
n00047018	a masterly or brilliant feat
n00047106	any recognized accomplishment; "they admired his performance under stress"; "when Roger Maris powered four home runs in one game his performance merits awe"
n00047356	better than expected performance (better than might have been predicted from intelligence tests)
n00047550	poorer than expected performance (poorer than might have been predicted from intelligence tests)
n00047745	the sum of recognized accomplishments; "the lawyer has a good record"; "the track record shows that he will be a good president"
n00047941	an irreversible accomplishment
n00048051	advancing toward a goal; "persuading him was easy going"; "the proposal faces tough sledding"
n00048225	accomplishment of an objective
n00048374	the act of arriving at a certain place; "they awaited her arrival"
n00048656	arrival at a new stage; "his attainment of puberty was delayed by malnutrition"
n00048828	arrival that has been awaited (especially of something momentous); "the advent of the computer"
n00049003	the act of entering; "she made a grand entrance"
n00049344	the act of entering some territory or domain (often in large numbers); "the incursion of television into the American living room"
n00049530	entrance by force or without permission or welcome
n00049636	a sudden violent entrance; a bursting in; "the recent irruption of bad manners"
n00049789	the act of entering; "she made a graceful entree into the ballroom"
n00049909	the act of entailing property; the creation of a fee tail from a fee simple
n00050037	the act of enrolling
n00050195	the act of appearing in public view; "the rookie made a brief appearance in the first period"; "it was Bernhardt's last appearance in America"
n00050484	an act of appearing or becoming visible unexpectedly; "natives were amazed at the apparition of this white stranger"
n00050693	the act of emerging
n00050887	the act of someone appearing again; "his reappearance as Hamlet has been long awaited"
n00051077	return by a celebrity to some previously successful activity
n00051192	a coming to or returning home; "on his return from Australia we gave him a welcoming party"
n00051385	the act of returning to the country of origin
n00051525	the act of entering into or through something; "the penetration of upper management by women"
n00051712	mutual penetration; diffusion of each through the other
n00051897	the extent to which a product is recognized and bought by customers in a particular market
n00052052	the act of anchoring
n00052146	the act of securing an arriving vessel with ropes
n00052334	the act of coming to land after a voyage
n00052500	the act of coming down to the earth (or other surface); "the plane made a smooth landing"; "his landing on his feet was catlike"
n00052791	an unscheduled airplane landing that is made under circumstances (engine failure or adverse weather) not under the pilot's control
n00053020	departing hastily
n00053097	the act of departing politely; "he disliked long farewells"; "he took his leave"; "parting is such sweet sorrow"
n00053405	an abrupt and unannounced departure (without saying farewell)
n00053525	the act of saying farewell
n00053609	the act of leaving secretly or without explanation
n00053806	a sudden disappearance from sight
n00053913	the act of withdrawing; "the withdrawal of French troops from Vietnam"
n00054328	withdrawing into the background; making yourself inconspicuous
n00054483	the act of withdrawing or going backward (especially to escape something hazardous or unpleasant)
n00054652	withdrawal for prayer and study and meditation; "the religious retreat is a form of vacation activity"
n00054821	the act of evacuating; leaving a place in an orderly fashion; especially for protection
n00055038	the evacuation of persons (usually by air transportation) to a place where they can receive medical care
n00055227	breaking camp
n00055315	withdrawing support or help despite allegiance or responsibility; "his abandonment of his wife and children left them penniless"
n00055633	the act of running away secretly (as to avoid arrest)
n00055793	unauthorized military absence
n00055932	ideological defection from the party line (especially from orthodox communism)
n00056087	migration from a place (especially migration from your native country in order to settle in another)
n00056311	migration into a place (especially migration to a country of which you are not a native in order to settle there)
n00056551	(Judaism) immigration of Jews to Israel; "students making aliyah"
n00056688	(military) the act of pulling back (especially an orderly withdrawal of troops); "the pullback is expected to be over 25,000 troops"
n00056912	(military) withdrawal of troops to a more favorable position to escape the enemy's superior forces or after a defeat; "the disorderly retreat of French troops"
n00057162	(military) a temporary stop of offensive military action
n00057306	to break off a military action with an enemy
n00057486	the act of becoming more distant
n00057657	the departure of a vessel from a port
n00057748	a military action of coordinated land, sea, and air forces organized for an invasion; "MacArthur staged a massive amphibious landing behind enemy lines"
n00058002	the act of passengers and crew getting off of a ship or aircraft
n00058247	debarkation from a boat or ship
n00058337	the act of passengers and crew getting aboard a ship or aircraft
n00058519	the act of going out
n00058608	the act of running away with a lover (usually to get married)
n00058743	the act of escaping physically; "he made his escape from the mental hospital"; "the canary escaped from its cage"; "his flight was an indication of his guilt"
n00059127	the act of physically escaping from something (an opponent or a pursuer or an unpleasant situation) by some adroit maneuver
n00059376	the act of avoiding capture (especially by cunning)
n00059552	an action aimed at evading an opponent
n00059728	(boxing) the act of one boxer holding onto the other to avoid being hit and to rest momentarily
n00059895	a quick evasive movement
n00059989	an escape from jail; "the breakout was carefully planned"
n00060201	a rapid escape (as by criminals); "the thieves made a clean getaway"; "after the expose he had to take it on the lam"
n00060414	a journey by a large group to escape from a hostile environment
n00060548	the flight of Muhammad from Mecca to Medina in 622 which marked the beginning of the Muslim era; the Muslim calendar begins in that year
n00060747	a hasty flight
n00060817	secret aid to escaping slaves that was provided by abolitionists in the years before the American Civil War
n00061014	something achieved (or escaped) by a narrow margin
n00061171	emerging to the surface and becoming apparent
n00061290	the act of sending off something
n00061453	the act of shipping again (especially by transferring to another ship)
n00061598	the act of bringing to completion or fruition
n00061792	the completion of marriage by sexual intercourse
n00061917	something that is made real or concrete; "the victory was the realization of a whole year's work"
n00062133	the moment of most intense pleasure in sexual intercourse
n00062331	an orgasm accompanied by the sensation of ejaculation of semen
n00062451	the act of consummating something (a desire or promise etc)
n00062671	the fulfillment of your capacities
n00062806	the act of achieving an aim; "the attainment of independence"
n00063014	an extreme attainment; the best (or worst) performance ever attested (as in a sport); "he tied the Olympic record"; "coffee production last year broke all previous records"; "Chicago set the homicide record"
n00063310	the fastest time ever recorded for a specific distance at a particular racetrack; "the track record for the mile and a half at Belmont is 2 minutes 24 seconds held by Secretariat since 1973"
n00063559	the best record in the whole world
n00063652	an attainment that is successful; "his success in the marathon was unexpected"; "his new play was a great success"
n00064018	succeeding with great difficulty; "winning is not everything"
n00064151	an unusually successful hit with widespread popularity and huge sales (especially a movie or play or recording or novel)
n00064370	an unexpected hit; "that movie was the sleeper of the summer"
n00064504	a conspicuous success; "that song was his first hit and marked the beginning of his career"; "that new Broadway show is a real smasher"; "the party went with a bang"
n00064789	something that exactly succeeds in achieving its goal; "the new advertising campaign was a bell ringer"; "scored a bull's eye"; "hit the mark"; "the president's speech was a home run"
n00065098	the act of raising someone to the nobility
n00065216	success in mastering something difficult; "the conquest of space"
n00065336	a brilliant and notable success
n00065418	complete success; "they passed inspection with flying colors"
n00065575	success in satisfying a test or requirement; "his future depended on his passing that test"; "he got a pass in introductory chemistry"
n00065855	recognition by a college or university that a course of studies has been successfully completed; typically measured in semester hours
n00066075	a unit of academic credit; one hour a week for an academic semester
n00066216	an act that does not achieve its intended goal
n00066397	an unexpected omission; "he resented my failure to return his call"; "the mechanic's failure to check the brakes"
n00066636	an act that fails; "his failure to pass the test"
n00066901	failure to reach a minimum required performance; "his failing the course led to his disqualification"; "he got two flunks on his report"
n00067153	complete failure; "all my efforts led to naught"
n00067254	an unexcused absence from class; "he was punished for taking too many cuts in his math class"
n00067397	loss due to not showing up; "he lost the game by default"
n00067526	the act of losing someone or something; "everyone expected him to win so his loss was a shock"
n00067707	the act of surrendering (usually under agreed conditions); "they were protected until the capitulation of the fort"
n00067990	an act of hindering someone's plans or efforts
n00068170	an improbable and unexpected victory; "the biggest upset since David beat Goliath"
n00068333	a failure to maintain a higher state
n00068617	habitual relapse into crime
n00068755	an act (or failure to act) that disappoints someone
n00068901	a failure to perform some promised act or obligation
n00069060	a failure to face some difficulty squarely
n00069173	a breach of a legal duty; failure to do something that is required in a contract
n00069444	a breach of contract committed prior to the time of required performance
n00069604	a breach of due care
n00069685	a failure of the seller's guarantee of good title
n00069815	failure to keep a promise (of marriage)
n00069918	violation (either through fraud or negligence) by a trustee of a duty that equity requires of him
n00070077	larceny after trust rather than after unlawful taking
n00070215	a breach that occurs when an item is deficient according to the terms of a warranty
n00070363	the act of deviating from a vertical position
n00070462	a breach serious enough to destroy the value of the contract and to give a basis for an action for breach of contract
n00070641	the act of motivating; providing incentive
n00070807	a breach that does not destroy the value of the contract but can give rise to a claim for damages
n00070965	a wrong action attributable to bad judgment or ignorance or inattention; "he made a bad mistake"; "she was quick to point out my errors"; "I could understand his English in spite of his grammatical faults"
n00071546	(tennis) two successive faults in serving resulting in the loss of the point
n00071700	a fault that occurs when the server in tennis fails to keep both feet behind the baseline
n00071864	the momentary juggling of a batted or thrown baseball; "the second baseman made a bobble but still had time to throw the runner out"
n00072068	(baseball) a failure of a defensive player to make an out when normal play would have sufficed
n00072261	an act that brings discredit to the person who does it; "he made a huge blot on his copybook"
n00072473	a mistake that results from taking one thing to be another; "he changed his name in order to avoid confusion with the notorious outlaw"
n00072691	the mistake of incurring liability or blame
n00072808	a mistake in calculating
n00073032	a miscalculation that recoils on its maker
n00073177	(mathematics) a miscalculation that results from rounding off numbers to a convenient number of decimals; "the error in the calculation was attributable to rounding"; "taxes are rounded off to the nearest dollar but the rounding error is surprisingly small"
n00073525	(mathematics) a miscalculation that results from cutting off a numerical calculation before it is finished
n00073713	the mistake of misrepresenting the facts
n00073828	a minor inadvertent mistake usually observed in speech or writing or in small accidents or memory lapses etc.
n00074092	a slip-up that (according to Sigmund Freud) results from the operation of unconscious wishes or conflicts and can reveal unconscious processes in normal healthy individuals
n00074324	(sport) the mistake of occupying an illegal position on the playing field (in football, soccer, ice hockey, field hockey, etc.)
n00074524	a mistake resulting from inattention
n00074624	a mistake resulting from neglect
n00074790	an embarrassing mistake
n00075283	an acronym often used by soldiers in World War II: situation normal all fucked up
n00075471	a blunder that makes you look ridiculous; used in the phrase `make a spectacle of' yourself
n00075618	something badly botched or muddled
n00075790	a serious and ludicrous blunder; "he made a bad bull of the assignment"
n00075912	(sports) dropping the ball
n00076072	a blunder (especially an actor's forgetting the lines)
n00076196	a socially awkward or tactless act
n00076323	a glaring blunder
n00076393	a conspicuous mistake whose effects seem to reverberate; "he dropped a clanger"
n00076563	an unintentional but embarrassing blunder; "he recited the whole poem without a single trip"; "he arranged his robes to avoid a trip-up later"; "confusion caused his unfortunate misstep"
n00076884	a sudden drop from an upright position; "he had a nasty spill on the ice"
n00077169	a fall onto your buttocks
n00077249	a spill in some sport (as a fall from a bicycle or while skiing or being capsized on a surfboard)
n00077419	the act of contracting or assuming or acquiring possession of something; "the acquisition of wealth"; "the acquisition of one company by another"
n00077856	the act of obtaining
n00077981	becoming infected; "catching cold is sometimes unavoidable"; "the contracting of a serious illness can be financially catastrophic"
n00078217	acquiring or coming into something (usually undesirable); "incurring debts is easier than paying them"
n00078393	the act of making money (and accumulating wealth)
n00078536	the formal act of acquiring something (especially territory) by conquest or occupation; "the French annexation of Madagascar as a colony in 1896"; "a protectorate has frequently been a first step to annexation"
n00078821	acquisition of government money for benefits to a specific locale; "keeps his hold on his constituents through unashamed pork-barreling"
n00079018	the acquisition of something for payment; "they closed the purchase with a handshake"
n00079212	the act of purchasing back something previously sold
n00079398	buying or selling securities or commodities
n00079603	trading in bonds (usually by a broker on the floor of an exchange)
n00079752	a trading technique involving large blocks of stock with trades triggered by computer programs
n00079908	sale of securities or commodity futures not owned by the seller (who hopes to buy them back later at a lower price)
n00080096	the purchase of securities or commodities by a short seller to close out a short sale
n00080242	buying or selling corporate stock by a corporate officer or other insider on the basis of information that has not been made public and is supposed to remain confidential
n00080474	a put or call option for which the seller or buyer has no underlying security position
n00080619	a put or call option backed by the shares underlying the option
n00080743	the option to buy a given stock (or stock index or commodity future) at a given price before a given date
n00080968	the option to sell a given stock (or stock index or commodity future) at a given price before a given date
n00081174	the option to buy or sell a given stock (or stock index or commodity future) at a given price before a given date; consists of an equal number of put and call options
n00081395	an option granted to corporate executives if the company achieves certain financial goals
n00081572	the act of buying; "buying and selling fill their days"; "shrewd purchasing requires considerable knowledge"
n00081836	searching for or buying goods or services; "went shopping for a reliable plumber"; "does her shopping at the mall rather than down town"
n00082081	shopping at a market; "does the weekly marketing at the supermarket"
n00082223	buying goods to be shipped through the mail
n00082347	purchasing insurance policies for cash from terminally ill policy holders
n00082525	the act of taking something that is offered; "her acceptance of the gift encouraged him"; "he anticipated their acceptance of his offer"
n00082754	acquisition of property by descent or by will
n00082870	the act of taking possession of or power over something; "his assumption of office coincided with the trouble in Cuba"; "the Nazi assumption of power in 1934"; "he acquired all the company's assets for ten million dollars and the assumption of the company's debts"
n00083260	the act of assuming or taking for granted; "your assumption that I would agree was unwarranted"
n00083448	the act of positing; an assumption taken as a postulate or axiom
n00083585	hereditary succession to a title or an office or property
n00083729	the act of getting possession of something; "he was responsible for the procurement of materials and supplies"
n00083975	a deliberate act of acquisition of something, often without the permission of the owner; "the necessary funds were obtained by the government's appropriation of the company's operating unit"; "a person's appropriation of property belonging to another is dishonest"
n00084371	the appropriation (of ideas or words etc) from another source; "the borrowing of ancient motifs was very apparent"
n00084642	changing the pronunciation of a borrowed word to agree with the borrowers' phonology; "the naturalization in English of many Italian words"
n00084895	wrongful borrowing; "his explanation was a misappropriation of sociological theory"
n00085041	a prior appropriation of something; "the preemption of bandwidth by commercial interests"
n00085219	the taking possession of something by legal process
n00085432	wrongfully seizing and holding (an office or powers) by force (especially the seizure of a throne or supreme authority); "a succession of generals who ruled by usurpation"
n00085678	seizure by the government
n00085829	the seizure and holding of property as security for payment of a debt or satisfaction of a claim; "Originally distress was a landlord's remedy against a tenant for unpaid rents or property damage but now the landlord is given a landlord's lien"
n00086140	taking out of an owner's hands (especially taking property by public authority)
n00086297	placing private property in the custody of an officer of the law
n00086547	seizure of illegal drugs by the police
n00086654	the act of coercing someone into government service
n00086809	the act of occupying or taking possession of a building; "occupation of a building without a certificate of occupancy is illegal"
n00087073	the act of taking occupancy before someone else does
n00087218	seizing property that belongs to someone else and holding it until profits pay the demand for which it was seized
n00087423	the act of providing a subsidy
n00087663	a grant made by a law court; "he criticized the awarding of compensation by the court"
n00087849	(Roman law) a formal award by a magistrate of a thing or person to another person (as the award of a debtor to his creditor); a surrender to a master; "under Roman law addiction was the justification for slavery"
n00088154	a grant of federal money to state and local governments to support social welfare programs; "block grants reduce federal responsibility for social welfare"
n00088367	a grant from a central government to a local government
n00088481	the act of forcibly dispossessing an owner of property
n00088725	the act of apprehending (especially apprehending a criminal); "the policeman on the beat got credit for the collar"
n00089027	the act of conquering
n00089234	the act of making slaves of your captives
n00089351	getting something back again; "upon the restitution of the book to its rightful owner the child was given a tongue lashing"
n00089657	finding a way to take money back from people that they were given in another way; "the Treasury will find some clawback for the extra benefits members received"
n00089891	the action of regaining possession (especially the seizure of collateral securing a loan that is in default)
n00090076	the legal proceedings initiated by a creditor to repossess the collateral for loan that is in default
n00090253	the act of receiving
n00090393	(law) the act of disposing of property by virtue of the power of appointment; "she allocated part of the trust to her church by appointment"
n00090610	the act of carefully weeding out unwanted things or people; "the department got a good comb-out"
n00090779	disposing of property by voluntary transfer without receiving value in return; "the alumni followed a program of annual giving"
n00091013	the voluntary surrender of property (or a right to property) without attempting to reclaim it or give it away
n00091234	getting rid something that is regarded as useless or undesirable
n00091404	getting rid of a stage of a multistage rocket
n00091503	(cards) the act of throwing out a useless card or of failing to follow suit
n00091670	the disposal of explosive mines
n00091779	the activity of detecting and disposing of marine mines
n00091893	the disposal of sewage
n00091977	a deceptive way of selling that involves advertising a product at a very low price in order to attract customers who are then persuaded to switch to a more expensive product
n00092212	a sale of property at a price agreed on by the seller and buyer without an intervening agency
n00092366	the public sale of something to the highest bidder
n00092663	the act of making or transporting alcoholic liquor for sale illegally; "the Prohibition amendment made bootlegging profitable"
n00092847	the act of selling illegally or without permission; "the bootlegging of videotapes is common in Asia"
n00093006	the sale of capital stock
n00093127	(business) too much capitalization (the sale of more stock than the business warrants)
n00093354	the recovery of useful substances from waste products
n00093483	recovery or preservation from loss or danger; "work is the deliverance of mankind"; "a surgeon's job is the saving of lives"
n00093874	saving the lives of drowning persons; "he took a course in lifesaving"
n00094001	(theology) the act of delivering from sin or saving from evil
n00094240	the act of absolving or remitting; formal redemption as pronounced by a priest in the sacrament of penance
n00094500	the remission by the pope of the temporal punishment in purgatory that is still due for sins even after absolution; "in the Middle Ages the unrestricted sale of indulgences by pardoners became a widespread abuse"
n00094788	a spiritual enlightenment causing a person to lead a new life
n00094954	the state of being a proselyte; spiritual rebirth resulting from the zeal of crusading advocacy of the gospel
n00095121	the act of atoning for sin or wrongdoing (especially appeasing a deity)
n00095329	something done or paid in expiation of a wrong; "how can I make amends"
n00095502	the act of liberating someone or something
n00095873	the use of force to liberate prisoners
n00095971	rescuing from error and returning to a rightful course; "the reclamation of delinquent children"
n00096211	the act of rescuing a ship or its crew or its cargo from a shipwreck or a fire
n00096343	the act of saving goods or property that were in danger of damage or destruction
n00096513	saving someone or something from harm or from an unpleasant situation; "the salvation of his party was the president's major concern"
n00096720	a rescue mission to search for survivors and to rescue them
n00096851	the act of freeing from captivity or punishment
n00096969	the act of taking something back
n00097122	a legal seizure by the government of profits beyond a fixed amount
n00097244	the act of appealing for help
n00097348	the act of providing or using the instruments needed for some implementation
n00097504	the act of performing; of doing something successfully; using knowledge as distinguished from merely possessing it; "they criticised his performance as mayor"; "experience generally improves performance"
n00097923	the performance of a legal contract as specified by its terms
n00098051	(linguistics) a speaker's actual use of language in real situations; what the speaker actually says, including grammatical errors and other non-linguistic features such as hesitations and other disfluencies (contrasted with linguistic competence)
n00098385	the technical aspects of doing something; "a mechanism of social control"; "mechanisms of communication"; "the mechanics of prose style"
n00098625	the performance of duties by a waiter or servant; "that restaurant has excellent service"
n00098822	service provided to customers who remain in their vehicles
n00098939	the practice of serving yourself (as in a grocery or cafeteria)
n00099061	a service provided (at a club or restaurant or airport etc.) whereby a patron leaves a car at the entrance and an attendant parks and retrieves it
n00099267	the act of performing a drama; "the group joined together in a dramatic production"
n00099439	an extra or repeated performance; usually given in response to audience demand
n00099588	a performance given extempore without planning or preparation
n00099799	throwing and catching several objects simultaneously
n00099951	an illusory feat; considered magical by naive observers
n00100253	the act of performing music
n00100437	a performance in one place on one night only
n00100543	the act of interpreting something as expressed in an artistic performance; "her rendition of Milton's verse was extraordinarily moving"
n00100889	a new or different interpretation
n00101003	a distinctive interpretation (especially as used by politicians to sway public opinion); "the campaign put a favorable spin on the story"
n00101191	the act of playing a musical instrument
n00101410	managing the bow in playing a stringed instrument; "the violinist's bowing was excellent"
n00101570	bowing in such a way that the bow bounces lightly off the strings
n00101708	playing a pipe or the bagpipes
n00101809	the kind of playing that involves pressing the fingers on the strings of a stringed instrument to control the pitch; "the violinist's stopping was excellent"
n00102039	stopping two strings and producing two notes at the same time
n00102162	(music) playing in a different key from the key intended; moving the pitch of a piece of music upwards or downwards
n00102374	an impromptu jazz concert
n00102457	the act of implementing the control of equipment with advanced technology; usually involving electronic hardware; "automation replaces human workers by machines"
n00102779	the control of processes by computer
n00102927	the act of motorizing (equiping with motors or with motor vehicles)
n00103140	the act of propelling with force
n00103291	the act of moving a newly built vessel into the water for the first time
n00103419	the launching of a rocket or missile under its own power
n00103590	the launching of a missile or spacecraft to a specified destination
n00103737	the launching of a spacecraft to the moon
n00103834	the act of applying force to propel something; "after reaching the desired velocity the drive is cut off"
n00104088	(colloquial) the application of maximum thrust; "he moved the throttle to the firewall"
n00104249	the act of applying force suddenly; "the impulse knocked him over"
n00104409	the act of rolling something (as the ball in bowling)
n00104539	the act of throwing (propelling something with a rapid movement of the arm and wrist); "the catcher made a good throw to second base"
n00104976	(cricket) the act of delivering a cricket ball to the batsman
n00105164	the act of flinging
n00105271	throwing something heavy (with great effort); "he gave it a mighty heave"; "he was not good at heaving passes"
n00105479	a violent throw
n00105624	(horseshoes) the throw of a horseshoe so as to lean against (but not encircle) the stake
n00105820	(sports) the act of throwing the ball to another member of your team; "the pass was fumbled"
n00106104	the action or manner of throwing something; "his pitch fell short and his hat landed on the floor"
n00106272	(baseball) the act of throwing a baseball by a pitcher to a batter
n00106726	(horseshoes) the successful throw of a horseshoe or quoit so as to encircle a stake or peg
n00106888	a quick throw; "he gave the ball a shy to the first baseman"
n00107016	throwing with a wide motion (as if with a sling)
n00107137	(rugby) an act or instance of throwing a ball in to put it into play
n00107279	an illegal pitching motion while runners are on base
n00107400	a pitch that is not in the strike zone; "he threw nine straight balls before the manager yanked him"
n00107551	a baseball deliberately thrown at the batter's head
n00107684	a baseball thrown with little velocity when the batter is expecting a fastball
n00107875	a pitch of a baseball that is thrown with spin so that its path curves as it approaches the batter
n00108081	a pitch thrown deliberately close to the batter
n00108181	(baseball) a pitch thrown with maximum velocity; "he swung late on the fastball"; "he showed batters nothing but smoke"
n00108427	a baseball pitch thrown with little speed or spin
n00108545	a baseball pitch in which the hand moves above the shoulder
n00108665	a pitch that the catcher should have caught but did not; allows a base runner to advance a base
n00108818	a pitch with reverse spin that curves toward the side of the plate from which it was thrown
n00108965	a pitch that curves downward rapidly as it approaches the plate
n00109081	a fastball that curves slightly away from the side from which it was thrown
n00109227	an illegal pitch in which a foreign substance (spit or Vaseline) is applied to the ball by the pitcher before he throws it
n00109414	(baseball) a pitch that the batter swings at and misses, or that the batter hits into foul territory, or that the batter does not swing at but the umpire judges to be in the area over home plate and between the batter's knees and shoulders; "this pitcher throws more strikes than balls"
n00109771	a pitch thrown sidearm instead of overhead
n00109892	an errant pitch that the catcher cannot be expected to catch and that allows a base runner to advance a base
n00110057	throwing the basketball toward the hoop; "his shot hit the rim and bounced out"
n00110415	a basketball shot that bounces off of the backboard before passing through the hoop
n00110554	a basketball shot in which the basketball is propelled downward into the basket
n00110745	a forceful dunk
n00110834	a basketball shot that rolls off the tips of the fingers into the basket
n00110964	an unhindered basketball shot from the foul line; given to penalize the other team for committing a foul
n00111222	a foul shot that must be made in order to earn the right to a second foul shot
n00111358	a basketball shot made over the head with the hand that is farther from the basket
n00111503	(basketball) a player releases the basketball at the high point of a jump
n00111660	a basketball shot made with one hand from a position under or beside the basket (and usually banked off the backboard)
n00111839	a one-handed basketball shot made while whirling on the pivot foot
n00111962	a two-handed basketball shot from a stationary position
n00112072	a basketball shot made with an underhand scooping motion
n00112185	a basketball shot made by tapping the rebounding ball back into the basket
n00112312	the act of applying force in order to move something away; "he gave the door a hard push"; "the pushing is good exercise"
n00112674	pushing down; "depression of the space bar on the typewriter"
n00112828	depression of a button on a computer mouse; "a click on the right button for example"
n00112997	a slight push or shake
n00113113	the act of pressing; the exertion of pressure; "he gave the button a press"; "he used pressure to stop the bleeding"; "at the pressing of a button"
n00113532	the act of pressing one thing on or into the surface of another; "he watched the impression of the seal on the hot wax"
n00113726	the act of shoving (giving a push to someone or something); "he gave the door a shove"
n00113954	the act of shoving hastily; "she complained about bundling the children off to school"
n00114095	the act of jostling (forcing your way by pushing)
n00114298	jostling with the elbows; "elbowing is a foul in basketball"
n00114431	the act of pulling; applying force to move something toward or with you; "the pull up the hill had him breathing harder"; "his strenuous pulling strained his back"
n00114871	the act of dragging (pulling with force); "the drag up the hill exhausted him"
n00115036	the act of drawing or hauling something; "the haul up the hill went very slowly"
n00115292	the act of hauling something (as a vehicle) by means of a hitch or rope; "the truck gave him a tow to the garage"
n00115500	a sudden abrupt pull
n00115667	the act of moving a load by drawing or pulling
n00115803	the act of pulling up or out; uprooting; cutting off from existence
n00116008	the act of pulling and releasing a taut cord
n00116122	(orthopedics) the act of pulling on a bone or limb (as in a fracture) to relieve pressure or align parts in a special way during healing; "his leg was in traction for several days"
n00116376	the act of raising something; "he responded with a lift of his eyebrow"; "fireman learn several different raises for getting ladders up"
n00116687	the act of expelling or projecting or ejecting
n00116989	the act of throwing someone or something out of a window
n00117124	reflex changes in the eyes that enable an object to be focused on the retina
n00117267	extension upward of the toes when the sole of the foot is stroked firmly on the outer side from the heel to the front; normal in infants under the age of two years but a sign of brain or spinal cord injury in older persons
n00117578	a reflex that expels gas noisily from the stomach through the mouth
n00117810	the forceful expulsion of something from inside; "the belching of smoke from factory chimneys"
n00117959	a reflex that closes and opens the eyes rapidly
n00118268	sudden reddening of the face (as from embarrassment or guilt or shame or modesty)
n00118445	the act of expelling (food or phlegm) by coughing
n00118552	the act of spitting (forcefully expelling saliva)
n00118733	the reflex act of ejecting the contents of the stomach through the mouth
n00119079	regurgitation of small amounts of food; seen in some infants after feeding
n00119210	vomiting blood
n00119297	severe and excessive vomiting
n00119402	hyperemesis during pregnancy; if severe it can result in damage to the brain and liver and kidney
n00119568	the act of jumping; propelling yourself off the ground; "he advanced in a series of jumps"; "the jumping was unexpected"
n00119893	a headlong jump (or fall); "he took a header into the shrubbery"
n00120010	the act of hopping; jumping upward or forward (especially on one foot)
n00120202	a light, self-propelled movement upwards or forwards
n00120515	the act of jumping over an obstacle
n00120647	jumping in one spot (as in excitement); "the wailing and jumping up and down exhausted him"
n00120804	the act of propelling something (as a ball or shell etc.) in a high arc
n00120943	(American football) putting the ball in play by passing it (between the legs) to a back; "the quarterback fumbled the snap"
n00121166	the act of causing something to go (especially messages)
n00121366	the act of sending a message; causing a message to be transmitted
n00121645	the act of sending on to another destination; "the forwarding of mail to a new address is done automatically"; "the forwarding of resumes to the personnel department"
n00121904	the act of referring (as forwarding an applicant for employment or referring a matter to an appropriate agency)
n00122106	(law) the act of remitting (especially the referral of a law case to another court)
n00122338	the transmission of a letter; "the postmark indicates the time of mailing"
n00122530	propelling something on wheels
n00122661	the act of firing a projectile; "his shooting was slow but accurate"
n00122954	the act of shooting at targets; "they hold a shoot every weekend during the summer"
n00123143	a return shot; a retaliatory shot
n00123234	the act of discharging a gun
n00123430	the discharge of a firearm as signal or as a salute in military ceremonies; "two runners started before the gun"; "a twenty gun salute"
n00123652	preparation for the delivery of shellfire on a target
n00123783	the act of shooting a gun; "the gunfire endangered innocent bystanders"; "they retreated in the face of withering enemy fire"
n00124008	gunfire directed along the length rather than the breadth of a formation
n00124151	a gunshot from a concealed location
n00124256	a shot aimed at a person's head
n00124342	the sport of shooting at clay pigeons that are hurled upward in such a way as to simulate the flight of a bird
n00124536	shooting artillery shells
n00124617	a fight involving shooting small arms with the intent to kill or frighten
n00124766	a shot taken at an easy or casual target (as by a pothunter)
n00124880	the act of touching physically; "her fingers came in contact with the light switch"
n00125126	the act of rubbing or wiping; "he gave the hood a quick rub"
n00125315	the act of scuffing (scraping or dragging the feet)
n00125436	a light touch or stroke
n00125629	the act of contacting one thing with another; "repeated hitting raised a large bruise"; "after three misses she finally got a hit"
n00126100	the action of bruising; "the bruise resulted from a contusion"
n00126236	the act of colliding with something; "his crash through the window"; "the fullback's smash into the defensive line"
n00126447	a sharp collision produced by striking or dashing against something
n00126584	(baseball) the batter's attempt to get on base
n00126721	(baseball) handling the ball while playing in the field
n00126886	(baseball) playing the position of catcher on a baseball team
n00127021	playing golf; "he goes south every winter for the golfing"
n00127151	(baseball) playing the position of pitcher on a baseball team
n00127286	(baseball) an advance to first base by a batter who receives four balls; "he worked the pitcher for a base on balls"
n00127531	the supreme effort one can make; "they did their best"
n00127672	the weakest effort or poorest achievement one is capable of; "it was the worst he had ever done on a test"
n00127866	(baseball) a ball struck with the bat so that it stays between the lines (the foul lines) that define the width of the playing field
n00128091	(baseball) a ball struck with the bat so that it does not stay between the lines (the foul lines) that define the width of the playing field
n00128324	a glancing contact with the ball off the edge of the cricket bat
n00128477	(baseball) the act of hitting a baseball lightly without swinging the bat
n00128638	(baseball) a hit that flies up in the air
n00128867	a very long fly ball
n00128976	a short high fly ball
n00129089	(baseball) a hit that travels along the ground
n00129317	a grounder that bounces high in the air
n00129435	a grounder that rolls along the infield
n00129527	(baseball) a failure by a batter or runner to reach a base safely in baseball; "you only get 3 outs per inning"
n00129743	a putout of a base runner who is required to run; the putout is accomplished by holding the ball while touching the base to which the runner must advance before the runner reaches that base; "the shortstop got the runner at second on a force"
n00130093	an out resulting from a fielding play (not a strikeout); "the first baseman made 15 putouts"
n00130347	an out resulting from the batter getting three strikes
n00130512	a strikeout resulting from the batter swinging at and missing the ball for the third strike
n00130673	a play made on a ground ball in which the fielder chooses to put out an advancing runner instead of the batter
n00130846	(baseball) an out that advances the base runners
n00130987	a sacrifice made by hitting a long fly ball
n00131090	(baseball) the successful act of striking a baseball in such a way that the batter reaches base safely
n00131347	a batted or served ball that skims along close to the ground
n00131485	(soccer) the act of hitting the ball with your head
n00131608	(baseball) a hit that flies straight out from the batter; "the batter hit a liner to the shortstop"
n00131791	a very hard hit ball
n00131877	a single resulting from a line drive
n00131991	a double resulting from a line drive
n00132105	a triple resulting from a line drive
n00132219	(baseball) hitting a baseball so that it drops suddenly
n00132355	a base hit on which the batter scores a run
n00132497	a home run with no runners on base
n00132601	a base hit on which the batter stops safely at first base
n00132756	a base hit on which the batter stops safely at second base; "he hit a double to deep centerfield"
n00132982	a base hit at which the batter stops safely at third base
n00133160	a backhanded blow
n00133234	a sharp slanting blow; "he gave me a clip on the ear"
n00133338	the act of hitting vigorously; "he gave the table a whack"
n00133567	a hard blow with a flat object
n00133668	the act of smacking something; a blow delivered with an open hand
n00133875	a very powerful blow with the fist
n00133981	a blow that knocks the opponent off his feet
n00134099	a blow that renders the opponent unconscious
n00134246	a knockout declared by the referee who judges one boxer unable to continue
n00134391	a sharp blow
n00134472	a slap with the flat of the hand
n00134574	a quick blow delivered with a whip or whiplike object; "the whip raised a red welt"
n00134780	(boxing) a blow with the fist; "I gave him a clout on his nose"
n00135148	a blow with the hand (usually on the ear); "I gave him a good box on the ear"
n00135311	the act of touching someone suddenly with your finger or elbow; "she gave me a sharp dig in the ribs"
n00135504	a return punch (especially by a boxer)
n00135637	a hard punch that renders the opponent unable to continue boxing
n00135799	a short swinging punch delivered from the side with the elbow bent
n00135952	a quick short straight punch
n00136048	a short chopping blow to the back of the neck
n00136152	an unexpected punch
n00136230	a hook delivered with an exaggerated swing
n00136329	the act of delivering a blow with the foot; "he gave the ball a powerful kick"; "the team's kicking was excellent"
n00136691	(association football) a kick by the defending side after the attacking side sends the ball over the goal-line
n00136876	(rugby) an attempt to kick a goal
n00136984	(football) a kick in which the football is dropped from the hands and kicked before it touches the ground; "the punt traveled 50 yards"; "punting is an important part of the game"
n00137279	(sports) a kick in which the ball is placed on the ground before kicking
n00137534	(soccer) a place kick that is allowed for a foul or infringement by the other team
n00137709	a free kick from the corner awarded to the other side when a player has sent the ball behind his own goal line
n00137877	(football) kicking (as for a field goal) in which the football is dropped and kicked as it touches the ground
n00138078	a light glancing touch; "there was a brief kiss of their hands in passing"
n00138221	the act of caressing with the lips (or an instance thereof)
n00138441	the act of contacting something with your hand; "peonies can be blighted by the laying on of a finger"
n00138599	an enthusiastic kiss
n00138734	a loud kiss
n00138799	an openmouthed kiss in which your tongue is inserted into the other's mouth
n00138956	the act of catching an object with the hands; "Mays made the catch with his back to the plate"; "he made a grab for the ball before it landed"; "Martin's snatch at the bridle failed and the horse raced away"; "the infielder's snap and throw was a single motion"
n00139544	(American football) a catch of a punt on the fly by a defensive player who has signalled that he will not run and so should not be tackled
n00139758	(American football) the act of catching a football by a player on the opposing team
n00139919	(American football) the act of catching a pass in football; "the tight end made a great reception on the 20 yard line"
n00140112	the act of securing possession of the rebounding basketball after a missed shot
n00140264	(baseball) a running catch made near the ground
n00140393	the act of interlocking or meshing; "an interlocking of arms by the police held the crowd in check"
n00140652	the action of touching with the hands (or the skillful use of the hands) or by the use of mechanical means
n00140900	touching something with the fingers
n00141027	the act of groping; and instance of groping
n00141176	a methodical examination or review of a condition or situation; "he made an audit of all the plants on his property"; "an energy efficiency audit"; "an email log audit"
n00141396	an examination and dissection of a dead body to determine cause of death or the changes produced by disease
n00141669	the act of reporting your presence (as at an airport or a hotel)
n00141806	the act of inspecting or verifying; "they made a check of their equipment"; "the pilot ran through the check-out procedure"
n00142140	a check on work performance or product quality made at random times without warning; "spot checks ensure a high level of performance by employees"
n00142361	a thorough physical examination; includes a variety of tests depending on the age and sex and health of the person
n00142665	the act of examining resemblances; "they made a comparison of noise levels"; "the fractions selected for comparison must require pupils to consider both numerator and denominator"
n00143057	a method of examining in minute detail; "he went over the contract with a fine-tooth comb looking for loopholes"
n00143251	a subsequent examination of a patient for the purpose of monitoring earlier treatment
n00143536	a careful and thorough inspection
n00143626	a swift cursory examination or inspection; "I gave him the once-over"
n00143763	examination of the interior of an eye using an ophthalmoscope
n00143885	a method of examination in which the examiner feels the size or shape or firmness or location of something (of body parts when the examiner is a health professional)
n00144182	a palpatory technique for feeling a floating object in the body (especially for determining the position of a fetus by feeling the rebound of the fetus after a quick digital tap on the wall of the uterus)
n00144445	the act of tickling
n00144632	a light touch with the hands
n00144778	a gentle affectionate stroking (or something resembling it); "he showered her with caresses"; "soft music was a fond caress"; "the caresses of the breeze played over his face"
n00145024	(sports) the act of touching a player in a game (which changes their status in the game)
n00145218	the act of bringing two things into contact (especially for communication); "the joining of hands around the table"; "there was a connection via the internet"
n00145779	a connection made via the internet to another website; "WordNet gets many hits from users worldwide"
n00145929	(computer science) the act of interconnecting (wires or computers or theories etc.)
n00146111	the act of intersecting (as joining by causing your path to intersect your target's path)
n00146277	the act of bringing near or bringing together especially the cut edges of tissue
n00146443	the act of linking together as in a series or chain
n00146572	the act of converging (coming closer)
n00146856	the act of joining together as one; "the merging of the two groups occurred quickly"; "there was no meeting of minds"
n00147091	a coming together of people
n00147187	a casual meeting with a person or thing
n00147314	the act of joining things in such a way that motion is possible
n00147454	an act of joining or adjoining things
n00147595	the act of fastening things together
n00147862	the act of making something less tight
n00148057	the act of making something tighter; "the tightening of economic controls"
n00148242	(surgery) tying a duct or blood vessel with a ligature (as to prevent bleeding during surgery)
n00148446	a sterilization procedure with women; both Fallopian tubes are tied in two places and the tubes removed in between the ligations
n00148653	fastening firmly together
n00148762	fastening by dowels
n00148836	fastening electrical equipment to earth
n00148978	the act of linking things together
n00149084	the act of tying or binding things together
n00149262	loosening the ties that fasten something; "the tying of bow ties is an art; the untying is easy"
n00149508	fastening two pieces of metal together by softening with heat and applying pressure
n00149699	creating a butt joint by welding
n00149895	creating an overlapping joint by welding at small points
n00150097	(baseball) a fly ball hit a short distance into the outfield
n00150228	(baseball) a fly ball that falls between and infielder and an outfielder
n00150379	butt welding by creating an electric arc between the two pieces which melts and joins them; used for joining segments of metal pipe
n00150591	touching with the tongue; "the dog's laps were warm and wet"
n00150762	the act of brushing against while passing
n00150932	the discovery and description of the course of development of something; "the tracing of genealogies"
n00151087	the act of detecting something; catching sight of something
n00151314	discovering your own individuality
n00151409	making an important discovery
n00151497	the act of determining the properties of something, usually by research or calculation; "the determination of molecular structures"
n00151914	the act of discovering again
n00152018	the act of designating or identifying something
n00152230	a system or procedure for identifying persons
n00152338	the procedure of taking inked impressions of a person's fingerprints for the purpose of identification
n00152519	the procedure of analyzing the DNA in samples of a person's body tissue or body fluid for the purpose of identification
n00152727	identifying the nature or cause of some phenomenon
n00152990	determining a person's blood type by serological methods
n00153105	identification of a disease from its symptoms
n00153288	any of the diagnostic procedures used to determine whether a fetus has a genetic abnormality
n00153499	a systematic method of diagnosing a disorder (e.g., headache) that lacks unique symptoms or signs
n00153665	a prediction of the course of a disease
n00153809	finding a solution to a problem
n00153961	the act of validating; finding or testing the truth of something
n00154233	validating the authenticity of something or someone
n00154433	documentary validation; "his documentation of the results was excellent"; "the strongest support for this view is the work of Jones"
n00154689	establishing something (e.g. gold or silver) as the legal tender of a country
n00154894	the act of proving that an instrument purporting to be a will was signed and executed in accord with legal requirements
n00155085	ending something (e.g. gold or silver) as no longer the legal tender of a country
n00155298	the act of determining that something is false
n00155487	a determination of the place where something is; "he got a good fix on the target"
n00155797	determining the location of something by measuring the time it takes for an echo to return from it
n00155970	the act of determining or ordaining in advance what is to take place
n00156119	determination of the length of a curve; finding a straight line equal in length to a given curve
n00156293	determining again
n00156390	an act that sets in motion some course of events
n00156625	deliberate and intentional triggering (of trouble or discord)
n00156812	using force to cause something to occur; "though pressed into rugby under compulsion I began to enjoy the game"; "they didn't have to use coercion"
n00157081	causing something without any direct or apparent effort
n00157318	stimulating influence among diverse elements; "the cross-pollination of the arts"
n00157463	the act of subjecting someone to an influencing experience; "she denounced the exposure of children to pornography"
n00157687	the act of exposing someone excessively to an influencing experience; "an overexposure to violence on television"
n00157877	inadequate publicity
n00157957	influencing strongly; "they resented the impingement of American values on European culture"
n00158185	exerting shrewd or devious influence especially for one's own advantage; "his manipulation of his friends was scandalous"
n00158443	deliberate actions of calculated psychological manipulation intended to intimidate or confuse (usually for competitive advantage); "football players try to play mind games with the opposition"; "the jeweler's mind game is to convince lovers that the size of a gemstone reflects the depth of their feelings"
n00158805	a system for self-improvement developed by Emile Coue which was popular in the 1920s and 1930s
n00158996	the act of inducing hypnosis
n00159177	act of bringing about a desired result; "inducement of sleep"
n00159396	inducement (as of a public official) by improper means (as bribery) to violate duty (as by commiting a felony); "he was held on charges of corruption and racketeering"
n00159620	the act of influencing by exciting hope or desire; "his enticements were shameless"
n00159899	the act of urging by means of teasing or flattery
n00160073	the act of gaining acceptance or affection for yourself by persuasive and subtle blandishments; "she refused to use insinuation in order to gain favor"
n00160297	the act of enticing others into sinful ways
n00160415	enticing someone astray from right behavior
n00160532	an act of winning the love or sexual favor of someone
n00160688	a seduction culminating in sexual intercourse; "calling his seduction of the girl a `score' was a typical example of male slang"
n00160922	the practice of making cuckolds; sexual conquests of married women
n00161044	the act of enticing a person to do something wrong (as an offer of sex in return for money)
n00161243	the act of choosing or selecting; "your choice of colors was unfortunate"; "you can take your pick"
n00161603	the choice of actors to play particular roles in a play or movie
n00161739	choice and use of colors (as by an artist)
n00161888	(statistics) the selection of a suitable sample for study
n00162055	the selection of a random sample; each element of the population has an equal chance of been selected
n00162236	a selection or decision purely at random; "their system of hiring people seemed to be a sort of lucky dip"
n00162417	the population is divided into subpopulations (strata) and random samples are taken of each stratum
n00162632	the act of making up your mind about something; "the burden of decision was his"; "he drew his conclusions quickly"
n00163047	the act of making a choice; "followed my father of my own volition"
n00163233	an act of intending; a volition that you intend to carry out; "my intention changed once I saw her"
n00163406	a major change in attitude or principle or point of view; "an about-face on foreign policy"
n00163630	the act of adulterating (especially the illicit substitution of one substance for another)
n00163779	the act of putting a person into a non-elective position; "the appointment had to be approved by the whole committee"
n00164152	the act of officially naming a candidate; "the Republican nomination for Governor"
n00164345	the act of distributing something to designated places or persons; "the first task is the assignment of an address to each datum"
n00164579	(computer science) the assignment of particular areas of a magnetic disk to particular data or instructions
n00164801	(sports) the decision made by an umpire or referee; "he was ejected for protesting the call"
n00164999	the act of appointing summarily (with or without the appointee's consent)
n00165178	the appointment of a delegate
n00165298	the act of ordaining; the act of conferring (or receiving) holy orders; "the rabbi's family was present for his ordination"
n00165563	designation by the chair granting a person the right to speak in a deliberative body; "he was unable to make his motion because he couldn't get recognition by the chairman"
n00165793	laying hands on a person's head to invoke spiritual blessing in Christian ordination
n00165942	the act of deciding to do something; "he didn't make a move to help"; "his first move was to hire a lawyer"
n00166172	(game) a player's turn to take some action permitted by the rules of the game
n00166355	the act of moving a chess piece
n00166552	interchanging the positions of the king and a rook
n00166702	the removal of an opponent's piece from the chess board
n00166865	(chess) a chess pawn that is moved two squares can be captured by an opponent's pawn commanding the square that was passed
n00167063	(chess) the capture by both players (usually on consecutive moves) of pieces of equal value; "the endgame began after the exchange of queens"
n00167278	(chess) gaining (or losing) a rook in return for a knight or bishop; "black lost the exchange"
n00167446	(chess) a direct attack on an opponent's king
n00167580	a check on the opponent's king that is delivered by moving a piece out of the line of attack by a queen or rook or bishop
n00167764	a chess move constituting an inescapable and indefensible attack on the opponent's king
n00167950	a chess move early in the game in which the player sacrifices minor pieces in order to obtain an advantageous position
n00168121	a move or step or maneuver in political or diplomatic affairs
n00168237	a move made to gain a tactical end
n00168505	the act of maneuvering a vehicle into a location where it can be left temporarily
n00168658	the act of changing your residence or place of business; "they say that three moves equal one fire"
n00168911	a secret move (to avoid paying debts); "they did a moonlight flit"
n00169047	a change to a lower gear in a car or bicycle
n00169147	a change from a financially rewarding but stressful career to a less well paid but more fulfilling one
n00169305	a flight maneuver; aircraft tips laterally about its longitudinal axis (especially in turning); "the plane went into a steep bank"
n00169522	a bank so steep that the plane's lateral axis approaches the vertical
n00169651	a flight maneuver consisting of a steep climbing turn executed to gain altitude while changing direction
n00169811	a flight maneuver; aircraft flies a complete circle in the vertical plane
n00170005	a loop consisting of a climb followed by inverted flight followed by a dive that returns to horizontal flight
n00170172	a loop consisting of a dive followed by inverted flight followed by a climb that returns to horizontal flight
n00170340	a flight maneuver; aircraft rotates about its longitudinal axis without changing direction or losing altitude
n00170536	a roll in which the plane follows a spiral course
n00170643	a fast roll
n00170710	a flight maneuver; aircraft slides sideways in the air
n00170844	a maneuver executed by an aircraft
n00171050	(American football) the act of warding off a tackler by holding the arm fully extended with the hand against the opponent
n00171249	any clever maneuver; "he would stoop to any device to win a point"; "it was a great sales gimmick"; "a cheap promotions gimmick for greedy businessmen"
n00171507	a device (such as a rhyme or acronym) used to aid recall
n00171618	a cunning or deceitful action or device; "he played a trick on me"; "he pulled a fast one and got away with it"
n00171882	(Yiddish) a devious trick; a bit of cheating; "how did you ever fall for a shtik like that?"
n00172073	any distracting or deceptive maneuver (as a mock attack)
n00172217	(football) a deceptive move made by a football player
n00172347	skillful maneuvering or dealing; "she needs some fancy footwork to cover all those lies"
n00172490	a maneuver in a game or conversation
n00172598	a deceptive maneuver (especially to avoid capture)
n00172710	how a result is obtained or an end is achieved; "a means of control"; "an example is the best agency of instruction"; "the true way to success"
n00173172	interchangeable with `means' in the expression `by means of'
n00173283	a means or way of escaping; "hard work was his escape from worry"; "they installed a second hatch as an escape"; "their escape route"
n00173487	a rapid means of achieving a goal; "they saw independence as the fast track to democracy"; "he took a fast track to the top of the corporate ladder"; "the company went off the fast track when the stock market dropped"
n00173761	the means whereby some act is accomplished; "my greed was the instrument of my destruction"; "science has given us new tools to fight disease"
n00174003	a way or means to achieve something; "the road to fame"
n00174127	an auspicious way or means to achieve something; "the royal road to success"
n00174260	any means of advancement; "the job was just a stepping stone on his way to fame and riches"
n00174412	any maneuver made as part of progress toward a goal; "the situation called for strong measures"; "the police took steps to reduce crime"
n00174663	an action taken to offset another action
n00174782	a takeover bid so attractive that the directors of the target company must approve it or risk shareholder protest
n00174950	a measure used by an acquirer to gain control of a takeover target; acquirer tries to persuade other shareholders that the management of the target should be replaced
n00175174	a buyout using borrowed money; the target company's assets are usually security for the loan; "a leveraged buyout by upper management can be used to combat hostile takeover bids"
n00175433	a leveraged buyout in which the target company's assets are sold to repay the loan that financed the takeover
n00175605	a measure undertaken by a corporation to discourage unwanted takeover attempts
n00175875	giving top executives lucrative benefits that must be paid by the acquirer if they are discharged after a takeover
n00176052	(corporation) the practice of purchasing enough shares in a firm to threaten a takeover and thereby forcing the owners to buy those shares back at a premium in order to stay in business
n00176312	the target company defends itself by threatening to take over its acquirer
n00176449	the target company defends itself by making its stock less attractive to an acquirer
n00176609	a poison pill with potentially catastrophic implications for the company it is intended to protect
n00176766	the target company defends itself by acquiring a company so onerously regulated that it makes the target less attractive; "the acquisition gave the company a safe harbor"
n00176994	the target company defends itself by selling off its crown jewels
n00177127	a procedure followed in making a medical diagnosis
n00177448	a means to an end; not necessarily a principled or ethical one
n00177638	a precaution in case of an emergency; "he acted as a backstop in case anything went wrong"
n00177783	(medicine) a procedure adopted to meet an emergency (especially a medical emergency)
n00178024	the specific techniques used in conducting a particular experiment
n00178177	an experimental procedure in which neither the subjects of the experiment nor the persons administering the experiment know the critical aspects of the experiment; "a double-blind procedure is used to guard against both experimenter bias and placebo effects"
n00178551	something contrived to meet an urgent need or emergency
n00178700	anything that serves as an expedient; "he uses drugs as a psychological crutch"
n00178832	an unplanned expedient
n00178972	an expedient adopted only in desperation; "`pis aller' is French for `worst going'"
n00179125	desperate actions taken as a means to an end; "he had to resort to desperate measures"
n00179275	any very successful means of achieving a result
n00179380	a means of preserving from harm or unpleasantness; "tourism was their economic salvation"; "they turned to individualism as their salvation"
n00179576	a means of enforcement; "the treaty had no teeth in it"
n00179683	a means or agency by which something is expressed or communicated; "the voice of the law"; "the Times is not the voice of New York"; "conservatism has many voices"
n00179916	a means of flight or ascent; "necessity lends wings to inspiration"
n00180054	making a chance decision by using lots (straws or pebbles etc.) that are thrown or drawn
n00180228	a decision to do something or to behave in a certain manner; "he always wrote down his New Year's resolutions"
n00180413	the act of accepting with approval; favorable reception; "its adoption by society"; "the proposal found wide acceptance"
n00180770	a close affectionate and protective acceptance; "his willing embrace of new ideas"; "in the bosom of the family"
n00180962	the act of selecting someone or something; the exercise of deliberate choice; "her election of medicine as a profession"
n00181191	the selection of a new member (usually by a vote of the existing membership)
n00181373	election again; "he did not run for reelection"
n00181495	a vote by the electorate determining public opinion on a question of national importance
n00181640	a legislative act is referred for final approval to a popular vote by the electorate
n00181781	a vote to select the winner of a position or political office; "the results of the election will be announced tonight"
n00182213	the opinion of a group as determined by voting; "they put the question to a vote"
n00182435	a national or state election; candidates are chosen in all constituencies
n00182571	a preliminary election where delegates or nominees are chosen
n00182723	a primary where voters directly select the candidates who will run for office
n00182897	a primary in which only registered members of a particular political party can vote; "closed primaries strengthen party unity"
n00183084	a primary in which any registered voter can vote (but must vote for candidates of only one party)
n00183240	a special election between regular elections
n00183357	a final election to resolve an earlier election that did not produce a winner
n00183505	a choice that is made by counting the number of people in favor of each alternative; "there were only 17 votes in favor of the motion"; "they allowed just one vote per person"
n00183995	a vote proportional in magnitude to the number of people that a delegate represents
n00184135	an election in which each person has as many votes as there are positions to be filled and they can all be cast for one candidate or can be distributed in any manner
n00184362	a vote in which each person's choice is secret but the totaled votes are public
n00184501	a ballot cast by a voter who votes for candidates from more than one party
n00184652	a ballot cast by a voter who votes for all the candidates of one party
n00184802	the act of voting in more than one place by the same person at the same election (illegal in U.S.)
n00184981	the deciding vote cast by the presiding officer to resolve a tie
n00185104	getting two things to correspond; "the reconciliation of his checkbook and the bank statement"
n00185307	the act of regarding as equal
n00185438	delivery of an infant whose feet or buttocks appear first
n00185612	position of a fetus in which the buttocks are present at the maternal pelvic outlet
n00185778	the delivery of a fetus by surgical incision through the abdominal wall and uterus (from the belief that Julius Caesar was born that way)
n00186251	delivery in which forceps are inserted through the vagina and used to grasp the head of the fetus and pull it through the birth canal; since the forceps can injure the fetus this procedure has generally given way to cesarean deliveries
n00186549	assisting women at childbirth
n00186634	the act of scoring in a game or sport; "the winning score came with less than a minute left to play"
n00187056	the score in a bowling match
n00187144	in target shooting: a score made by hitting the center of the target; "in repeated sets of five shots his numbers of bull's-eyes varied"
n00187337	a successful attempt at scoring; "the winning goal came with less than a minute left to play"
n00187499	(soccer) a goal that results when a player inadvertently knocks the ball into the goal he is defending; "the own goal cost them the game"
n00187710	a score in tenpins: knocking down all ten with the first ball; "he finished with three strikes in the tenth frame"
n00187890	a score in tenpins; knocking down all ten after rolling two balls
n00188007	any frame in which a bowler fails to make a strike or spare; "the break in the eighth frame cost him the match"
n00188183	a football play is changed orally after both teams have assumed their positions at the line of scrimmage
n00188341	the score in a football game
n00188449	(American football) a play in which the opposing team has kicked the football into your end zone
n00188620	a score in American football; a player is tackled behind his own goal line
n00188766	a score in American football; being in possession of the ball across the opponents' goal line
n00188934	a score in American football; a score made by kicking the ball between the opponents' goal posts
n00189106	a successful free throw or try for point after a touchdown
n00189257	in American football a point awarded for a successful place kick following a touchdown
n00189476	the score of a baseball game
n00189565	a score in baseball made by a runner touching all four bases safely; "the Yankees scored 3 runs in the bottom of the 9th"; "their first tally came in the 3rd inning"
n00189896	a run that was not scored as the result of an error by the other team
n00190040	a run that was scored as a result of an error by the other team
n00190180	a run that is the result of the batter's performance; "he had more than 100 rbi last season"
n00190338	the score in a basketball game
n00190431	a score in basketball made by throwing the ball through the hoop
n00190579	(sports) three consecutive scores by one player or three scores in one game (as in cricket or ice hockey etc.)
n00190783	the successful action of solving a problem; "the solution took three hours"
n00190931	a stunt in which you spin the cylinder of a revolver that is loaded with only one bullet and then point the muzzle at your head and pull the trigger
n00191142	the action of changing something; "the change of government had no impact on the economy"; "his change on abortion cost him the election"
n00191980	the act of changing a fluid by passing it through a filter
n00192149	the filtration of a liquid for extraction or purification
n00192300	the act of reducing complexity
n00192457	the act of reducing to a scheme or formula
n00192613	an act of economizing; reduction in cost; "it was a small economy to walk to work every day"; "there was a saving of 50 cents"
n00192910	the reduction of expenditures in order to become financially stable
n00193099	the saving in cost of production that is due to mass production
n00193225	(physiology) the automatic adjustment in focal length of the natural lens of the eye
n00193406	(physiology) the responsive adjustment of a sense organ (as the eye) to varying conditions (as of light)
n00193622	the process of adjusting the eyes to low levels of illumination; cones adapt first; rods continue to adapt for up to four hours
n00193811	the process of adjusting the eyes to relatively high levels of illumination; the pupil constricts and the cones system is operative
n00194005	the action of taking up as by tightening or absorption or reeling in
n00194127	the act of adjusting again (to changed circumstances)
n00194257	accommodation to domestic life; "her explorer husband resisted all her attempts at domestication"
n00194414	the act of changing to a decimal system; "the decimalization of British currency"
n00194645	the act of changing from imperial units of measurement to metric units: meters, grams, seconds
n00194831	a general accommodation to unchanging environmental conditions
n00194969	an activity that varies from a norm or standard; "any variation in his routine was immediately reported"
n00195194	the act of changing or altering something slightly but noticeably from the norm or standard; "who is responsible for these variations in taxation?"
n00195415	act of changing in practice or custom; "the law took many turnings over the years"
n00195569	the act of introducing variety (especially in investments or in the variety of goods and services offered); "my broker recommended a greater diversification of my investments"; "he limited his losses by diversification of his product line"
n00195938	in constant change; "his opinions are in flux"; "the newness and flux of the computer industry"
n00196084	the act of changing one thing or position for another; "his switch on abortion cost him the election"
n00196402	a sudden unexpected switch
n00196485	the act of putting one thing or person in the place of another: "he sent Smith in for Jones but the substitution came too late to help"
n00196848	(law) the replacement of one obligation by another by mutual agreement of both parties; usually the replacement of one of the original parties to a contract with the consent of the remaining party
n00197136	replacing a pitcher in baseball
n00197229	the act of discharging someone because of age (especially to cause someone to retire from service on a pension)
n00197419	act of replacing one person or thing by another especially one held to be superior
n00197610	act of taking the place of another especially using underhanded tactics
n00197772	the act of furnishing an equivalent person or thing in the place of another; "replacing the star will not be easy"
n00198118	(law) the act of substituting of one creditor for another
n00198270	the act of substituting other food for the mother's milk in the diet of a child or young mammal
n00198451	act of raising in rank or position
n00198631	the act of preferring; "the preferment went to the younger candidate"
n00198793	act of lowering in rank or position
n00198919	the ceremonial act of clothing someone in the insignia of an office; the formal promotion of a person to an office or rank
n00199130	the act of changing something into something different in essential characteristics
n00199707	the act of making something different (as e.g. the size of a garment)
n00200041	the act of distracting; drawing someone's attention away from something; "conjurers are experts at misdirection"
n00200244	the act of charging a liquid with a gas making it effervescent
n00200379	the act of modifying or adjusting according to due measure and proportion (as with regard to artistic effect)
n00200563	the act of modifying or changing the strength of some idea; "his new position involves a qualification of his party's platform"
n00200768	an extensive alteration of the structure of a corporation or government; "after the takeover there was a thorough reorganization"; "the reorganization was prescribed by federal bankruptcy laws"
n00201058	the act of passing from one state or place to the next
n00201269	becoming inflexible or out of date
n00201397	the act of changing smoothly from one state or situation to another
n00201516	the act of altering something secretly or improperly
n00201671	the act of transfering something from one form to another; "the transfer of the music from record to tape suppressed much of the background noise"
n00201923	the action of prohibiting or inhibiting or forbidding (or an instance thereof); "they were restrained by a prohibition in their charter"; "a medical inhibition of alcoholic beverages"; "he ignored his parents' forbiddance"
n00202284	the action of opposing something that you disapprove or disagree with; "he encountered a general feeling of resistance from many citizens"; "despite opposition from the newspapers he went ahead"
n00202620	a management action resisting employee's demands; employees are barred from entering the workplace until they agree to terms
n00202816	doing something in opposition to another way of doing it that you don't like; "his style of painting was a reaction against cubism"
n00203020	an adverse reaction to some political or social occurrence; "there was a backlash of intolerance"
n00203208	backlash by white racists against black civil rights advances
n00203342	the act of rejecting something; "his proposals were met with rejection"
n00203649	a curt or disdainful rejection
n00203753	deliberately avoiding; keeping away from or preventing from happening
n00204022	the act of turning yourself (or your gaze) away; "averting her gaze meant that she was angry"
n00204199	an avoidance of danger or difficulty; "that was a narrow escape"
n00204334	something that barely avoids failure or disaster
n00204439	the act of giving something up
n00204659	abandoning without shelter or protection (as by leaving as infant out in the open)
n00204814	the act of abandoning a party for cause
n00204943	a sudden abandonment (as from a political party)
n00205079	the act of renouncing; sacrificing or giving up or surrendering (a possession or right or title or privilege etc.)
n00205349	the act of refusing an offer; "the turndown was polite but very firm"
n00205543	the act of forsaking
n00205649	renunciation of your own interests in favor of the interests of others
n00205891	the act of losing or surrendering something as a penalty for a mistake or fault or failure to perform etc.
n00206130	a group's refusal to have commercial dealings with some organization in protest against its policies
n00206302	rejection by means of an act of banishing or proscribing someone
n00206600	the formal act of pronouncing (someone or something) accursed
n00206779	the act of expelling a lawyer from the practice of law
n00206927	the act of forcing out someone or something; "the ejection of troublemakers by the police"; "the child's expulsion from school"
n00207306	the expulsion from a country of an undesirable alien
n00207434	the act of excluding someone from society by general consent
n00207622	the act of excluding someone by a negative vote or veto
n00207761	the act of expelling a person from their native land; "men in exile dream of hope"; "his deportation to a penal colony"; "the expatriation of wealthy farmers"; "the sentence was one of transportation for life"
n00208141	the deportation of the Jews to Babylonia by Nebuchadnezzar in 586 BC
n00208277	the act of banishing a member of a church from the communion of believers and the privileges of the church; cutting a person off from a religious society
n00208521	mild banishment; consignment to an inferior position; "he has been relegated to a post in Siberia"
n00208694	banishment into the country
n00208797	the act of ejecting someone or forcing them out
n00208943	the act of deposing someone; removing a powerful person from a position or office
n00209132	a temporary debarment (from a privilege or position etc)
n00209301	temporary dismissal of a student from a university
n00209446	act of removing from office or employment
n00209546	a vote that blocks a decision
n00209680	indirect veto of legislation by refusing to sign it
n00209789	a vote cast by writing in the name of a candidate who is not listed on the ballot
n00209943	the act of ending something; "the termination of the agreement"
n00210518	the act of finishing; "his best finish in a major tournament was third"; "the speaker's finishing was greeted with applause"
n00210797	the concluding part of any performance
n00210940	(music) the act or manner of terminating a musical phrase or tone
n00211110	a concluding action
n00211462	the act of finalizing
n00211593	carrying some project or intention to full completion; "I appreciated his follow-through on his promise"
n00211776	the act of carrying a stroke to its natural completion; "his follow-through was straight down the line toward the target"; "squash can be dangerous if your opponent has a long follow-through"
n00212065	the successful completion of a program of study
n00212205	withdrawal from your position or occupation
n00212377	the act of retiring into inactivity; "he emerged from his hibernation to make his first appearance in several years"
n00212551	the action of retiring to and living in the country
n00212678	a final performance or effort (especially before retirement)
n00212808	the act of giving up and abandoning a struggle or task etc.
n00213052	the act of ceding
n00213186	act of relinquishing property or authority etc; "the handover of occupied territory"
n00213343	the delivery of a principal into lawful custody
n00213482	the surrender of an accused or convicted person by one state or country to another (usually under the provisions of a statute or treaty)
n00213694	a formal written statement of relinquishment
n00213903	an act exempting someone; "he was granted immunity from prosecution"
n00214148	an exemption granted after influence (e.g., money) is brought to bear; "collusion resulted in tax fixes for gamblers"
n00214315	personal immunity accorded to a public official from liability to anyone injured by actions that are the consequence of exerting official authority
n00214526	an exemption that precludes bringing a suit against the sovereign government without the government's consent; "the doctrine of sovereign immunity originated with the maxim that the king can do no wrong"
n00214794	a broader form of use immunity that also protects the witness from any prosecution brought about relating to transactions to which they gave testimony
n00215013	an exemption that displaces the privilege against self-incrimination; neither compelled testimony or any fruits of it can be used against the witness who therefore can no longer fear self-incrimination
n00215314	the termination or disintegration of a relationship (between persons or nations)
n00215534	separation or breakup or divorce; "after 15 years together they are headed for splitsville"
n00215683	the termination of a ruler or institution (especially by force)
n00215838	the act of subverting; as overthrowing or destroying a legally constituted government
n00216038	the termination of a meeting
n00216174	the termination of someone's employment (leaving them free to depart)
n00216607	an abrupt and unceremonious dismissal
n00216723	dismissal from office
n00216834	an abrupt or sudden removal of a person or group from an organization or place; "he died in a purge by Stalin"
n00217014	the termination of something by causing so much damage to it that it cannot be repaired or no longer exists
n00217499	an act that has disastrous consequences
n00217593	the destruction of an enemy plane or ship or tank or missile; "the pilot reported two kills during the mission"
n00217773	destruction achieved by causing something to be wrecked or ruined
n00218045	complete destruction of a building
n00218208	destruction by annihilating something
n00218427	destroying or killing a large part of the population (literally every tenth person as chosen by lot)
n00218602	annihilation by reducing something to atoms
n00218753	annihilation by pulverizing something
n00218902	annihilation by vaporizing something
n00219012	the act of terminating a life
n00219463	the blow that kills (usually mercifully)
n00219575	the act of killing; "he had two deaths on his conscience"
n00219738	homicide committed by shooting from a moving automobile
n00219856	the act of killing someone painlessly (especially someone suffering from an incurable illness)
n00220023	the killing of a human being by another human being
n00220219	an ancient tradition still sometimes observed; a male member of the family kills a female relative for tarnishing the family image
n00220409	homicide without malice aforethought
n00220522	unlawful premeditated killing of a human being by a human being
n00221056	murder of a public figure by surprise attack
n00221178	the shedding of blood resulting in murder; "he avenged the bloodshed of his kinsmen"
n00221343	an unpremeditated killing of a human being in self defense
n00221480	a murder carried out on agreement with a hired killer
n00221596	the murder of your own father or mother
n00221727	the murder of a husband by his wife
n00221819	the murder of your mother
n00221900	the murder of your father
n00221981	the murder of your sibling
n00222064	the murder of a wife by her husband
n00222155	the murder of your own son or daughter
n00222248	killing a person or animal
n00222376	the act of felling something (as a tree)
n00222485	the act of killing yourself; "it is a crime to commit suicide"
n00222766	the act of destroying yourself; "his insistence was pure self-destruction"
n00222939	suicide of a terminally ill person that involves an assistant who serves to make dying as painless and dignified as possible
n00223144	assisted suicide where the assistant is a physician
n00223268	an act of deliberate self destruction
n00223362	ritual suicide by self-disembowelment on a sword; practiced by samurai in the traditional Japanese society
n00223575	the act of a Hindu widow willingly cremating herself on the funeral pyre of her dead husband
n00223720	the murder of a competitor
n00223854	the killing of animals (as for food)
n00223983	the savage and excessive killing of many people
n00224260	indiscriminate slaughter; "a bloodbath took place when the leaders of the plot surrendered"; "ten days after the bloodletting Hitler gave the action its name"; "the valley is no stranger to bloodshed and murder"; "a huge prison battue was ordered"
n00224599	putting a person to death by mob action without due process of law
n00224738	the act of giving poison to a person or animal with the intent to kill
n00224936	the deliberate act of poisoning some person or animal with gas
n00225070	the act of killing a king
n00225150	killing someone by gunfire; "when the shooting stopped there were three dead bodies"
n00225361	shooting someone from a car as it is driven past the victim
n00225484	shooting game birds that are flying (on the wing)
n00225593	killing by depriving of oxygen
n00225786	the act of suffocating (someone) by constricting the windpipe; "no evidence that the choking was done by the accused"
n00226107	(pathology) sudden constriction of a hollow organ (as a blood vessel)
n00226319	the act of forcing yourself (or being forced) into or through a restricted space; "getting through that small opening was a tight squeeze"
n00226511	a spasm of the bronchi that makes exhalation difficult and noisy; associated with asthma and bronchitis
n00226711	a spasm of the cardiac sphincter (between the esophagus and the stomach); if the cardiac sphincter does not relax during swallowing the passage of food into the stomach is obstructed
n00226951	an involuntary spasm of ineffectual vomiting; "a bad case of the heaves"
n00227137	laryngeal spasm caused by the sudden contraction of laryngeal muscles
n00227264	(pathology) constriction of a body part so as to cut off the flow of blood or other fluid; "strangulation of the intestine"
n00227484	the violent theft of an occupied car
n00227595	the act of killing (an animal or person) in order to propitiate a deity
n00227848	a great sacrifice; an ancient Greek or Roman sacrifice of 100 oxen
n00227969	killing or offering as a sacrifice
n00228078	killing by electric shock
n00228181	killing by cutting off the head
n00228283	the act of abolishing a system or practice or institution (especially abolishing slavery); "the abolition of capital punishment"
n00228535	termination of a business operation by using its assets to discharge its liabilities
n00228762	sale of an insurance policy by a terminally ill policy holder
n00228911	the termination of drug taking
n00229034	complete and abrupt withdrawal of all addictive drugs or anything else on which you have become dependent; "he quit smoking cold turkey"; "she quit her job cold turkey"
n00229260	termination of operations; "they regretted the closure of the day care center"
n00229587	act of shutting down operation of a plant
n00229688	act of closing down a bank because of a fiscal emergency or failure
n00229814	the act of laying off an employee or a work force
n00229934	the act of extinguishing; causing to stop burning; "the extinction of the lights"
n00230172	gradually ceasing to be visible
n00230324	termination of pregnancy
n00230475	a natural loss of the products of conception
n00230703	repeated spontaneous abortion (often for no known reason)
n00230824	the appearance of symptoms that signal the impending loss of the products of conception
n00230997	termination of pregnancy without expulsion of all of the products of conception
n00231161	a deliberate termination of pregnancy
n00231315	the act of destroying a fetus
n00231412	a legally induced abortion for medical reasons (as when the mother's life is threatened)
n00231567	the act of nullifying; making null and void; counteracting or overriding the effect or force of something
n00231887	the act of abrogating; an official or legal cancellation
n00232147	(law) the partial taking away of the effectiveness of a law; a partial repeal or abolition of a law; "any derogation of the common law is to be strictly construed"
n00232386	the act of cancelling; calling off some arrangement
n00232604	the act of cancelling from an account a bad debt or a worthless asset
n00232765	cancellation of civil rights
n00232863	(law) the act of rescinding; the cancellation of a contract and the return of the parties to the positions they would have had if the contract had not been made; "recission may be brought about by decree or by mutual consent"
n00233212	nullification by the destruction of the legal force; rendering null; "the vitiation of the contract"
n00233386	action intended to nullify the effects of some previous action
n00233614	the act of deactivating or making ineffective (as a bomb)
n00233795	breaking up a military unit (by transfers or discharges)
n00233980	a discharge from the armed forces with a commendable record
n00234105	a discharge from the armed forces for a grave offense (as sabotage or espionage or cowardice or murder)
n00234277	a discharge from the US Army based on unfitness or character traits deemed undesirable
n00234423	action intended to keep a country politically neutral or exclude it from a possible war; "the neutralization of Belgium"
n00234675	(euphemism) the removal of a threat by killing or destroying it (especially in a covert operation or military operation)
n00234892	a change from one state to the opposite state; "there was a reversal of autonomic function"
n00235074	an act that makes a previous act of no effect (as if not done)
n00235208	returning to a former state
n00235435	the act of starting something; "he was responsible for the beginning of negotiations"
n00236194	a beginning from which an enterprise is launched; "he uses other people's ideas as a springboard for his own"; "reality provides the jumping-off point for his illusions"; "the point of departure of international comparison cannot be an institution but must be the function it carries out"
n00236581	the act of attaining or gaining access to a new office or right or position (especially the throne); "Elizabeth's accession in 1558"
n00236821	making active and effective (as a bomb)
n00236953	a decisive manner of beginning a musical tone or phrase
n00237078	the act of forming or establishing something; "the constitution of a PTA group last year"; "it was the establishment of his reputation"; "he still remembers the organization of the club"
n00237705	restoration to a previous state; "regular exercise resulted in the re-establishment of his endurance"
n00237869	(theology) God's act of bringing the universe into existence
n00238022	the act of beginning something new; "they looked forward to the debut of their new product line"
n00238326	(obstetrics) inducing the childbirth process artificially by administering oxytocin or by puncturing the amniotic sac
n00238527	the act of bringing about something (especially at an early time); "the induction of an anesthetic state"
n00238778	the induction of sleep or hypnosis
n00238871	the introduction (usually by an advertising campaign) of a new product or product line
n00239024	(ice hockey) the method of starting play; a referee drops the puck between two opposing players
n00239230	the first of a series of actions
n00239483	the ceremonial breaking of the ground to formally begin a construction project
n00239666	the act of starting to construct a house
n00239766	a beginning that relaxes a tense or formal atmosphere; "he told jokes as an icebreaker"
n00239910	the act of starting a new operation or practice; "he opposed the inauguration of fluoridation"; "the startup of the new factory was delayed by strikes"
n00240184	the act of starting something for the first time; introducing something new; "she looked forward to her initiation as an adult"; "the foundation of a new scientific society"
n00240754	the act of initiating a new idea or theory or writing; "the authorship of the theory is disputed"
n00240938	the act of installing something (as equipment); "the telephone installation took only a few minutes"
n00241245	(basketball) the way play begins or resumes when possession is disputed; an official tosses the ball up between two players who jump in an effort to tap it to a teammate
n00241507	(football) a kick from the center of the field to start a football game or to resume it after a score
n00241699	a turn to be a starter (in a game at the beginning); "he got his start because one of the regular pitchers was in the hospital"; "his starting meant that the coach thought he was one of their best linemen"
n00242003	beginning again
n00242146	(rugby) the method of beginning play in which the forwards of each team crouch side by side with locked arms; play starts when the ball is thrown in between them and the two sides compete for possession
n00242431	the act of setting in operation; "repeated shutdowns and startups are expensive"
n00242583	act of forming labor unions; "the issue underlying the strike was unionization"
n00242808	the act of arousing; "the purpose of art is the arousal of emotions"
n00243102	a signal to get up in the morning; in the military it is a bugle call at sunrise
n00243237	the introduction of something new; "it signalled the ushering in of a new era"
n00243373	the ceremonial induction into a position; "the new president obviously enjoyed his inauguration"
n00243577	any preliminary activity
n00243662	the initial stage in accomplishing something; "we didn't get to first base with that approach"
n00243813	opening move in negotiating a peace treaty
n00243918	the act of preparing something (as food) by the application of heat; "cooking can be a great art"; "people are needed who have experience in cookery"; "he left the preparation of meals to his wife"
n00246341	cooking by dry heat in an oven
n00246460	baking shelled eggs
n00246552	cooking to a brown crispiness over a fire or on a grill; "proper toasting should brown both sides of a piece of bread"
n00246754	cooking by direct exposure to radiant heat (as over a fire or under a grill)
n00246940	cooking in fat or oil in a pan or griddle
n00247081	cooking that combines ingredients and techniques and seasonings from different cuisines
n00247229	cooking slowly in fat in a closed pot with little moisture
n00247342	cooking in simmering liquid
n00247442	cooking (meat) by dry heat in an oven (usually with fat added); "the slow roasting took several hours"
n00247654	roasting a large piece of meat on a revolving spit out of doors over an open fire
n00247792	cooking in a liquid that has been brought to a boil
n00247955	moistening a roast as it is cooking
n00248063	the act of making meat tender by pounding or marinating it
n00248252	the act of making coffee in a percolator
n00248368	the act of adding a seasoning to food
n00248534	the act of adding salt to food
n00248636	the act of adding a sweetener to food
n00248748	the act of infusing or introducing a certain modifying element or quality; "the team's continued success is attributable to a steady infusion of new talent"
n00248977	the act of improving something; "their improvements increased the value of the property"
n00249501	gradual improvement or growth or development; "advancement of knowledge"; "great progress in the arts"
n00249780	the advancement of some enterprise; "his experience in marketing resulted in the forwarding of his career"
n00249987	significant progress (especially in the phrase "make strides"); "they made big strides in productivity"
n00250143	progress (or rate of progress) in work being done
n00250259	act of improving by expanding or enlarging or refining; "he congratulated them on their development of a plan to meet the emergency"; "they funded research and development"
n00250597	the action of making broader; "the broadening of travel"
n00250710	developing in intricate and painstaking detail
n00250882	improving an existing product or developing new kinds of products
n00251013	the act of making something clean; "he gave his shoes a good cleaning"
n00251520	the activity of getting rid of vermin
n00251636	the activity of cleaning a house thoroughly at the end of winter
n00251780	the act of cleaning a surface by rubbing it with a brush and soap and water
n00252020	cleaning with a mop; "he gave it a good mopping"
n00252169	the act of cleaning (fabrics) with a solvent other than water
n00252307	the act of cleaning with a broom
n00252430	an act of removing by cleansing; ridding of sediment or other undesired elements
n00252662	the act of clearing yourself (or another) from some stigma or charge
n00252894	the act of purging of sin or guilt; moral or spiritual cleansing; "purification through repentance"
n00253070	a ceremonial cleansing from defilement or uncleanness by the performance of appropriate rites
n00253270	the act of cleaning by getting rid of impurities
n00253395	(psychoanalysis) purging of emotional tensions
n00253577	purging the body by the use of a cathartic to stimulate evacuation of the bowels
n00253773	an enema that injects large amounts of fluid high into the colon for cleansing purposes
n00253919	the procedure of making some object free of live bacteria or other microorganisms (usually by heat or chemical means)
n00254166	partial sterilization of foods at a temperature that destroys harmful microorganisms without major changes in the chemistry of the food
n00254415	making something sanitary (free of germs) as by sterilizing
n00254597	the act of removing hair (as from an animal skin)
n00254769	the act of removing hair with a razor
n00254922	shaving the crown of the head by priests or members of a monastic order
n00255065	removing superfluous or unwanted hair by passing an electric current through the hair root
n00255214	the act of washing yourself (or another person)
n00255450	the ritual washing of a priest's hands or of sacred vessels
n00255600	the act of washing dishes
n00255710	the work of cleansing (usually with soap and water)
n00256122	the washing of dishes etc after a meal
n00256217	the activity of washing windows
n00256309	washing lightly without soap
n00256407	the act of giving a light tint to the hair
n00256501	washing something by allowing it to soak
n00256620	the act of brushing your hair; "he gave his hair a quick brush"
n00256746	the act of drawing a comb through hair; "his hair needed a comb"
n00256961	the act of removing tangles from you hair with a comb
n00257115	the act of washing your hair with shampoo
n00257228	care for the hair: the activity of washing or cutting or curling or arranging the hair
n00257468	the act of interweaving a hairpiece with your own hair
n00257580	washing yourself by standing upright under water sprayed from a nozzle; "he took a shower after the game"
n00257770	you soak and wash your body in a bathtub; "he has a good bath every morning"
n00257969	a bath in which you add something to foam and scent the bath water
n00258093	(Hebrew) a ritual purification and cleansing bath that Orthodox Jews take on certain occasions (as before Sabbath or after menstruation)
n00258301	a bath in warm mud (as for treating rheumatism)
n00258403	you wash your body with a sponge or washcloth instead of in a bathtub
n00258530	you sweat in a steam room before getting a rubdown and cold shower
n00258695	the act of rubbing down, usually for relaxation or medicinal purposes
n00258854	the act of offering an improvement to replace a mistake; setting right
n00259177	act of correcting an error or a fault or an evil
n00259392	anything that remedies or heals or soothes; "he needed a salve for his conscience"
n00259544	the act of correcting for your wrongdoing
n00259643	the act of compensating for service or loss or injury
n00259894	an act of compensation for actual loss or damage or for trouble and annoyance
n00260051	the act of rendering optimal; "the simultaneous optimization of growth and profitability"; "in an optimization problem we seek values of the variables that lead to an optimal value of the function that is to be optimized"; "to promote the optimization and diversification of agricultural products"
n00260494	the act of making something perfect
n00260622	a change for the better as a result of correcting abuses; "justice was for sale before the reform of the law courts"
n00260881	a redistribution of agricultural land (especially by government action)
n00261029	the act of relieving ills and changing for the better
n00261258	the act of improving yourself
n00261405	self-improvement in behavior or morals by abandoning some vice; "the family rejoiced in the drunkard's reform"
n00261604	the act of making something more beautiful
n00261797	enhancement of someone's personal beauty
n00261972	the act of glamorizing; making something or someone more beautiful (often in a superficial way)
n00262249	the act of decorating something (in the hope of making it more attractive)
n00262596	the action of decorating yourself with something colorful and interesting
n00262743	the act of adding extraneous decorations to something
n00262908	the decoration of shop windows
n00263000	the act of adding decoration; "the children had to be in bed before it was time for the trimming of the tree"
n00263164	the act of adorning with mosaic
n00263272	decorating with a design
n00263353	the practice of making a design on the skin by pricking and staining
n00263492	sprucing up; making decorative additions to
n00263642	the act of making a visible mark on a surface
n00263813	the act of marking or outlining with lines
n00263947	the act of coloring with areas of different shades
n00264088	the act of marking with stripes
n00264192	the act of removing solid particles from a liquid
n00264366	act of making fuller or more meaningful or rewarding
n00264529	the addition of an ingredient for the purpose of enrichment (as the addition of alcohol to wine or the addition of vitamins to food)
n00264775	the act of making more human
n00264913	making modern in appearance or behavior; "the modernization of Nigeria will be a long process"
n00265119	the act of improving by renewing and restoring; "they are pursuing a general program of renovation to the entire property"; "a major overhal of the healthcare system was proposed"
n00265472	a renovation that improves the outward appearance (as of a building) but usually does not involve major changes; "give your home a facelift"; "more than a facelift, the new model marks a fundamental change of direction"
n00265773	the act of making moral (or more moral); "for years she worked toward the moralization of English literature"
n00265992	an improvement that makes something more agreeable
n00266149	an upward movement or trend as in business activity
n00266253	changing something with the result that it becomes worse
n00266401	a worsening of business or economic activity; "the market took a downturn"
n00266560	a swift and dangerous downturn
n00266645	the act of supplying fresh air and getting rid of foul air
n00266806	the act of putting something in working order again
n00267217	the act of mending a hole in a garment with crossing threads
n00267349	the act of mending a hole in a garment by sewing a patch over it
n00267522	activity involved in maintaining something in good working order; "he wrote the manual on car care"
n00267821	keeping a camera in good working order
n00267917	keeping a car in good working order
n00268025	replacing dirty oil with clean
n00268112	periodic maintenance on a car or machine; "it was time for an overhaul on the tractor"
n00268341	an overhaul between the regular times for overhauling
n00268457	hurried repair
n00268557	the act of restoring something or someone to a satisfactory state
n00268824	the restoration of run-down urban areas by the middle class (resulting in the displacement of low-income residents)
n00269018	the conversion of wasteland into land suitable for use of habitation or cultivation
n00269258	the activity of constructing something again
n00269471	the archeological reassembly of ruined monuments from fallen or decayed fragments (incorporating new materials when necessary)
n00269674	a complete reconstruction and renovation of something; "the blighted neighborhood underwent a total makeover"
n00269856	assembling again
n00269963	forming again (especially with improvements or removal of defects); renewing and reconstituting
n00270186	building again
n00270275	the act of restoring something to its original state
n00270403	introducing water into a pump to improve the seal and start the water flowing
n00270539	maintenance at a regularly scheduled time
n00270648	care (installation and maintenance) of equipment for ventilating or heating or refrigerating
n00270800	the job of a professional coach
n00270919	employment for performers or performing groups that lasts for a limited period of time; "the play had bookings throughout the summer"
n00271155	a booking for musicians; "they played a gig in New Jersey"
n00271263	changing to a lower state (a less respected state)
n00271636	the act of degrading people with respect to their best qualities; "science has been blamed for the dehumanization of modern life"
n00271879	an act that makes people cruel or lacking normal human qualities
n00272123	an act that makes people primitive and uncivilized
n00272303	an act that debases or corrupts
n00272448	destroying someone's (or some group's) honesty or loyalty; undermining moral integrity; "corruption of a minor"; "the big city's subversion of rural innocence"
n00272713	destroying the moral basis for a doctrine or policy
n00272878	the act of making something futile and useless (as by routine)
n00273077	the act of making something attractive to the general public
n00273319	degradation of something worthy of respect; cheapening
n00273449	depriving one of self-esteem
n00273601	decline to a lower status or level
n00273690	an act that changes the light that something reflects
n00273877	changing to a lighter color
n00274009	the act of whitening something by bleaching it (exposing it to sunlight or using a chemical bleaching agent)
n00274206	(botany) the act of causing a plant to develop without chlorophyll by growing it without exposure to sunlight; "the etiolation of celery"
n00274437	changing to a darker color
n00274586	darkening or obscuring the sight of something
n00274707	the act of changing the natural color of something by making it duller or dingier or unnatural or faded
n00274941	the act or process of changing the color of something
n00275151	the act of adding a tinge of color; "the hairdresser gave her hair a modest tinting"
n00275307	the act of dyeing or tinting one's hair
n00275424	the use of dye to change the color of something permanently
n00275572	(histology) the use of a dye to color specimens for microscopic study
n00275751	a staining technique used to classify bacteria; bacteria are stained with gentian violet and then treated with Gram's solution; after being decolorized with alcohol and treated with safranine and washed in water, those that retain the gentian violet are Gram-positive and those that do not retain it are Gram-negative
n00276189	the activity of protecting the environment from pollution or destruction
n00276342	(histology) the preservation and hardening of a tissue sample to retain as nearly as possible the same relations they had in the living body
n00276620	the act of soiling something
n00276813	the act of spotting or staining something
n00276987	the act of contaminating or polluting; including (either intentionally or accidentally) unwanted substances or factors
n00277267	the act of contaminating with dust particles
n00277376	the act of making something wet
n00277569	the act of wetting something by submerging it
n00277811	the act of making something completely wet; "he gave it a good drenching"
n00278040	the act of making something slightly wet
n00278221	the act of scattering water about haphazardly
n00278403	wetting with water; "the lawn needs a great deal of watering"
n00278555	the act of sprinkling or splashing water; "baptized with a sprinkling of holy water"; "a sparge of warm water over the malt"
n00278810	biting and grinding food in your mouth so it becomes soft enough to swallow
n00279136	the act of chewing noisily
n00279235	ineffectual chewing (as if without teeth)
n00279377	(of ruminants) chewing (the cud); "ruminants have remarkable powers of rumination"
n00279534	involuntarily or unconsciously clenching or grinding the teeth, typically during sleep
n00279674	causing the leaves of trees and other plants to fall off (as by the use of chemicals)
n00279835	the act of changing location from one place to another; "police controlled the motion of the crowd"; "the movement of people from the farms to the cities"; "his move put him directly in my path"
n00280586	the act of changing the location of something; "the movement of cargo onto the vessel"
n00280853	the act of drawing spatially closer to something; "the hunter's approach scattered the geese"
n00281132	the act of approaching or entering; "he gained access to the building"
n00281291	a secret or underhand means of access (to a place or a position); "he got his job through the back door"
n00281462	approaching a particular destination; a coming closer; a narrowing of a gap; "the ship's rapid rate of closing gave them little time to avoid a collision"
n00281752	the approach to a landing field by an airplane
n00281898	an approach that fails and gives way to another attempt
n00282050	the act of moving forward (as toward a goal)
n00282485	an effort to advance; "the army made a push toward the sea"
n00282613	the general progression of your working or professional life; "the general had had a distinguished career"; "he had a long career in the law"
n00282840	a steady advance; "the march of science"; "the march of time"
n00282953	easy unobstructed progress; "after we solved that problem the rest was plain sailing"
n00283127	self-propelled movement
n00283450	swinging by the arms from branch to branch
n00283568	the act of traveling by foot; "walking is a healthy form of exercise"
n00283951	walking about; "the hospital encouraged early ambulation"
n00284101	a leisurely walk (usually in some public place)
n00284409	an aimless amble on a winding course
n00284544	a regular walk taken as a form of exercise
n00284665	travel by walking; "he followed on foot"; "the swiftest of foot"
n00284798	the act of walking somewhere; "he took a walk after lunch"
n00285141	walking by a person who is asleep
n00285387	uttering speech while asleep
n00285557	the act of changing location by raising the foot and setting it down; "he walked with unsteady steps"
n00285889	a step in walking or running
n00286112	(ballet) a step in dancing (especially in classical ballet)
n00286240	a light or nimble tread; "he heard the trip of women's feet overhead"
n00286360	a step to one side (as in boxing or dancing)
n00286497	a person's manner of walking
n00286756	the uneven manner of walking that results from an injured leg
n00286957	a horse's manner of moving
n00287142	a slow gait of a horse in which two feet are always on the ground
n00287276	a rapid gait of a horse in which each foot strikes the ground separately
n00287449	an easy gait of a horse; midway between a walk and a trot
n00287561	a gait faster than a walk; diagonally opposite legs strike the ground together
n00287762	the rider rises from the saddle every second stride
n00287889	the rider sits still in the saddle
n00288000	maneuvers of a horse in response to body signals by the rider
n00288190	a light leap by a horse in which both hind legs leave the ground before the forelegs come down
n00288384	a cadenced trot executed by the horse in one spot
n00288486	a smooth three-beat gait; between a trot and a gallop
n00288671	a fast gait of a horse; a two-beat stride during which all four legs are off the ground simultaneously
n00288880	the act of taking a step in walking
n00288970	a long walk usually for exercise or pleasure; "she enjoys a hike in her spare time"
n00289175	a long difficult walk
n00289267	the act of walking with exaggerated jerky motions
n00289388	an unsteady uneven gait
n00289555	walking with slow regular strides
n00289659	walking with a swaying gait
n00289737	a careless leisurely gait; "he walked with a kind of saunter as if he hadn't a care in the world"
n00289906	a gait in which steps and hops alternate
n00290015	a stiff or threatening gait
n00290125	a proud stiff pompous gait
n00290276	the act of moving forward suddenly
n00290406	walking with short steps and the weight tilting from one foot to the other; "ducks walk with a waddle"
n00290579	the act of marching; walking with regular steps (especially in a procession of some kind); "it was a long march"; "we heard the sound of marching"
n00291004	(military) a march in the reverse direction or back along the same route
n00291154	a manner of marching with legs straight and swinging high
n00291286	the last walk of a condemned person to the execution place
n00291400	a manner of marching in file in which each person's leg moves with and behind the corresponding leg of the person ahead; "the prisoner's ankles were so chained together that they could only march in lockstep"
n00291663	a march of all the guests at the opening of a formal dance
n00291796	marching at quick time
n00291876	a long training march for troops
n00291965	the act of walking with a slow heavy gait; "I could recognize his plod anywhere"
n00292125	the act of prowling (walking about in a stealthy manner)
n00292269	an exploratory walk by an astronaut on the surface of the moon
n00292386	a walk around a territory (a parish or manor or forest etc.) in order to officially assert and record its boundaries
n00292599	taking a short walk out and back; "we took a turn in the park"
n00292712	walking with a slow dragging motion without lifting your feet; "from his shambling I assumed he was very old"
n00292981	any kind of physical activity outside a spacecraft by one of the crew
n00293125	a kind of dance step in which the dancer seems to be sliding on the spot; "Michael Jackson perfected the moonwalk in the 1980s"
n00293307	walking with your feet in shallow water
n00293417	nomadic excursions into the bush made by an Aborigine
n00293545	a public stroll by a celebrity to meet people informally
n00293657	a walking trip or tour
n00293753	the act of walking in order to view something; "the realtor took her on a walk-through of the apartment"
n00293916	the act of running; traveling on foot at a fast pace; "he broke into a run"; "his daily run keeps him fit"
n00294190	a slow pace of running
n00294366	a steady trot like that of a dog
n00294452	a quick run
n00294577	(basketball) a rapid dash to get a shot as soon as possible after taking possession of the ball
n00294748	a sudden dash; "he made a break for the open door"
n00294868	a slow mode of locomotion on hands and knees or dragging the body; "a crawl was all that the injured man could manage"; "the traffic moved at a creep"
n00295172	movement once around a course; "he drove an extra lap just for insurance"
n00295422	the first lap of a car race that prepares the cars for a fast start
n00295563	a lap by the winning person or team run to celebrate the victory
n00295701	the act of going from one place to another; "he enjoyed selling but he hated the travel"
n00296263	traveling around something (by ship or plane); "Magellan's circumnavigation of the earth proved that it is a globe"
n00296478	traveling or wandering around
n00296585	the group action of a collection of people or animals or vehicles moving ahead in more or less regular formation; "processions were forbidden"
n00296946	travel across
n00297062	travelling about without any clear destination; "she followed him in his wanderings and looked after him"
n00297318	traveling (especially on foot)
n00297404	aimless wandering from place to place
n00297532	traveling across
n00297657	the act of crossing a stream or river by wading or in a car or on a horse
n00297863	fording at a shallow place
n00297951	fording at a deep place in the stream
n00298047	taking a zigzag path on skis
n00298161	the business of providing services to tourists; "Tourism is a major business in Bermuda"
n00298351	tourism to exotic or threatened ecosystems to observe wildlife or to help preserve nature
n00298497	the act of controlling and steering the movement of a vehicle or animal
n00299112	the act of driving an automobile
n00299217	travel by being carried on horseback
n00299680	capturing cattle or horses with a lasso
n00299826	breaking a bronco to saddle
n00299933	riding for long hours over long distances
n00300037	riding with a pack
n00300113	riding along a roughly blazed path
n00300206	capturing a calf with a lasso and binding its feet
n00300333	capturing a steer with a lasso
n00300441	travel via aircraft; "air travel involves too much waiting in airports"; "if you've time to spare go by air"
n00301192	a scheduled trip by plane between designated airports; "I took the noon flight to Chicago"
n00301443	a flight with an intermediate stop and a change of aircraft (possibly a change of airlines)
n00301598	a flight with one or more intermediate stops but no change of aircraft
n00301728	a flight that begins and ends in the same country
n00301857	a flight that takes off in one country and lands in another
n00302001	a flight made without intermediate stops between source and destination; "how many nonstops are there to Dallas?"
n00302185	a night flight from which the passengers emerge with eyes red from lack of sleep; "he took the redeye in order to get home the next morning"
n00302394	an instance of traveling by air; "flying was still an exciting adventure for him"
n00302861	the performance of stunts while in flight in an aircraft
n00303049	using only instruments for flying an aircraft because you cannot see through clouds or mists etc.
n00303221	flying in a balloon
n00303297	a flight at a low altitude (usually of military aircraft) over spectators on the ground
n00303495	the activity of flying a glider
n00303748	gliding in a hang glider
n00303849	descent with a parachute; "he had done a lot of parachuting in the army"
n00304040	performing acrobatics in free fall before pulling the ripcord of a parachute
n00304208	the first flight of its kind; "the Stealth bomber made its maiden flight in 1989"
n00304349	gliding in a parasail
n00304442	a flight by an aircraft over a particular area (especially over an area in foreign territory)
n00304592	a flight or run by an aircraft over a target; "the plane turned to make a second pass"
n00304729	a flight in which the aircraft pilot is unaccompanied
n00304851	(military) an operational flight by a single aircraft (as in a military operation)
n00305005	a landing (as the wheels touch the landing field); especially of airplanes
n00305153	landing an aircraft
n00305326	aircraft landing in bad weather in which the pilot is talked down by ground control using precision approach radar
n00305519	an emergency landing under circumstances where a normal landing is impossible (usually damaging the aircraft)
n00305707	a landing in which all three wheels of the aircraft touch the ground at the same time
n00305858	an aircraft landing made entirely by means of instruments
n00305980	a landing of a spacecraft in the sea at the end of a space flight
n00306102	a departure; especially of airplanes
n00306210	rapid descent of an aircraft in a steep spiral
n00306318	flight at very low altitudes
n00306426	the act of traveling from one place to another
n00306900	a section or portion of a journey or course; "then we embarked on the second stage of our Caribbean cruise"
n00307102	travel by stagecoach
n00307176	(nautical) the distance traveled by a sailing vessel on a single tack
n00307314	a section along the route of a bus for which the fare is the same
n00307455	a regular journey of some distance to and from your place of work; "there is standing room only on the high-speed commute"
n00307631	a journey in a vehicle (usually an automobile); "he took the family for a drive in his new car"
n00308073	a journey over a long distance; "it's a long haul from New York to Los Angeles"
n00308208	a journey by dogsled
n00308279	a long wandering and eventful journey
n00308370	a journey for some purpose (usually including the return); "he took a trip to the shopping center"
n00308681	a trip taken by an official at public expense
n00308779	a trip to some place and back again
n00308871	a regular trip; "the ship made its run in record time"
n00309011	a short trip; "take a run into town"
n00309115	a journey usually by ship; "the outward passage took 10 days"
n00309276	a ride in a car; "he gave me a lift home"
n00309368	a ride in a car taken solely for pleasure; "they took their girlfriends for joyrides in stolen cars"
n00309540	a short drive in a car; "he took the new car for a spin"
n00309647	a journey organized for a particular purpose
n00309802	an expedition undertaken to gain information
n00309906	an overland journey by hunters (especially in Africa)
n00310063	to travel for the purpose of discovery
n00310201	wandering from the main path of a journey
n00310347	any long and difficult trip
n00310425	a tedious or difficult journey
n00310516	a journey by ox wagon (especially an organized migration by a group of settlers)
n00310666	a journey or route all the way around a particular place or area; "they took an extended tour of Europe"; "we took a quick circuit of the park"; "a ten-day coach circuit of the island"
n00311091	a sightseeing tour of a building or institution
n00311195	an extended cultural tour of Europe taken by wealthy young Englishmen (especially in the 18th century) as part of their education
n00311381	journeying from place to place preaching or lecturing; a preaching tour or lecturing tour
n00311528	travelling about; "they took the show on the road"; "they lost all their games on the road"
n00311687	a journey to a sacred place
n00311809	a journey taken for pleasure; "many summer excursions to the shore"; "it was merely a pleasure trip"; "after cautious sashays into the field"
n00312160	taking an excursion for pleasure
n00312266	a short excursion (a walk or ride) in the open air; "he took the dogs for an airing"
n00312403	a group excursion (to a museum or the woods or some historic place) for firsthand examination
n00312553	a journey to some distant place
n00312691	a journey or passage; "they are on the way"
n00312784	an act of traveling by water
n00312932	an ocean trip taken for pleasure
n00313096	the first voyage of its kind; "in 1912 the ocean liner Titanic sank on its maiden voyage"
n00313245	a voyage across a body of water (usually across the Atlantic Ocean)
n00313385	passage through a lock in a canal or waterway
n00313502	a voyage outside the Earth's atmosphere
n00313647	travel by water
n00313806	riding in a sailboat
n00313971	the act of sailing close to the wind
n00314094	the act of beating to windward; sailing as close as possible to the direction from which the wind is blowing
n00314271	the work of a minister of religion; "he is studying for the ministry"
n00314395	sailing a zigzag course
n00314469	the work of a sailor
n00315307	navigation in coastal waters
n00315390	water travel for pleasure
n00315534	boating by chartering a bareboat and providing your own crew and provisions; "we saved money by bareboating"
n00315700	the travel of a commuter
n00315830	to move something from its natural environment
n00315986	the act of moving something from one location to another
n00316460	the transfer from one conveyance to another for shipment
n00316594	transportation of people or goods by air (especially when other means of access are unavailable)
n00316806	airlift in 1948 that supplied food and fuel to citizens of west Berlin when the Russians closed off land access to Berlin
n00316989	shifting from one form of transportation to another; "the plane was late and he missed his connection in Atlanta"
n00317207	the act of delivering or distributing something (as goods or mail); "his reluctant delivery of bad news"
n00317485	driving a bovine herd (as cows or bulls or steers)
n00317594	the act of driving a herd of animals overland
n00317709	delivery of supplies or equipment or personnel by dropping them by parachute from an aircraft; "until then, front line troops will be supplied by airdrop"
n00317917	the delivery of goods for sale or disposal
n00318035	the act of passing something to another person
n00318186	the delivery and collection of letters and packages; "it came by the first post"; "if you hurry you'll catch the post"
n00318391	the act of delivering a writ or summons upon someone; "he accepted service of the subpoena"
n00318567	the act of passing something along from one person or group to another; "the relay was successful"
n00318735	the act of carrying something
n00319176	the act of taking aboard passengers or freight
n00319312	carrying something in a pack on the back; "the backpacking of oxygen is essential for astronauts"
n00319513	the act of carrying something piggyback
n00319608	the act of carrying a person over your shoulder
n00319717	carrying boats and supplies overland
n00319825	the transportation of burdens by porters
n00319939	the act of pursuing in an effort to overtake or capture; "the culprit started to run and the cop took off in pursuit"
n00320284	the pursuit (of a person or animal) by following tracks or marks they left behind
n00320486	the act of following someone secretly
n00320625	the act of following prey stealthily
n00320742	the fruitless pursuit of something unattainable
n00320852	the act of putting one thing into another
n00321195	the insertion of a cannula or tube into a hollow body organ
n00321562	the operation of introducing a catheter into the body
n00321731	the introduction of a liquid (by pouring or injection) drop by drop
n00321956	the act of enclosing something inside something else
n00322228	the enclosure of something in a package or box
n00322391	the act of binding something into a bundle
n00322488	the act of enclosing something in a case
n00322634	the forceful insertion of a substance under pressure
n00322778	injection of an anesthetic substance into the epidural space of the spinal cord in order to produce epidural anesthesia
n00322962	an injection into the skin
n00323056	an injection into a muscle
n00323152	an injection into a vein
n00323262	something craved, especially an intravenous injection of a narcotic drug; "she needed a fix of chocolate"
n00323436	an injection under the skin
n00323532	(medicine) the passive introduction of a substance (a fluid or drug or electrolyte) into a vein or between tissues (as by gravitational force)
n00323766	slow removal of a person's blood and its replacement with equal amounts of a donor's blood
n00323923	the action of pouring a liquid from one vessel to another
n00324056	the introduction of blood or blood plasma into a vein or artery
n00324233	pumping a liquid into an organ or tissue (especially by way of blood vessels)
n00324384	the act of changing location in an upward direction
n00324699	the act of raising (a body) from the ground by presumably spiritualistic means
n00324834	the act of lifting something with great effort
n00324978	walking on a tightrope or slack rope
n00325110	the act of climbing something; "it was a difficult climb to the top"
n00325364	ascent by or as if by a ladder
n00325502	an awkward climb; "reaching the crest was a real clamber"
n00325631	an act of scaling by the use of ladders (especially the walls of a fortification)
n00325785	the activity of climbing a mountain
n00325975	mountain climbing (not restricted to the Alps)
n00326094	the sport or pastime of scaling rock masses on mountain sides (especially with the help of ropes and special equipment)
n00326291	the act of rising upward into the air
n00326440	the act of changing your location in a downward direction
n00326677	a steep nose-down descent by an aircraft
n00326809	(mountaineering) a descent of a vertical cliff or wall made by using a doubled rope that is fixed to a higher point and wrapped around the body
n00327033	a swift descent through the air
n00327134	a dive of an airplane that is accelerated both by gravity and by the power of the engine
n00327279	a rapid descent by a submarine
n00327366	the act of dropping something; "they expected the drop would be successful"
n00327510	the act of throwing yourself down; "he landed on the bed with a great flop"
n00327683	the act of causing something to move to a lower level
n00327824	changing location by moving back and forth
n00328015	the act of going back to a prior location; "they set out on their return to the base camp"
n00328230	the act of entering again
n00328327	the act of sending an accused person back into custody to await trial (or the continuation of the trial)
n00328502	the act of moving smoothly along a surface while remaining in contact with it; "his slide didn't stop until the bottom of the hill"; "the children lined up for a coast down the snowy slope"
n00328885	failing to hold or slipping out of place; "the knots allowed no slippage"
n00329031	an unexpected slide
n00329227	the act of flowing or streaming; continuous progression
n00329468	the act of sliding down a snow-covered slope while standing on a snowboard
n00329619	the act of allowing a fluid to escape
n00329819	a large flow
n00329943	flow under pressure
n00330035	a very slow movement; "the traffic advanced at a crawl"
n00330160	changing location rapidly
n00330457	the act of accelerating; increasing the speed
n00330674	the act of decelerating; decreasing the speed; "he initiated deceleration by braking"
n00330836	the act of moving along swiftly (as before a gale)
n00330984	the act of uniform movement
n00331102	the act of removing something from one location and introducing it in another location; "the transplant did not flower until the second year"; "too frequent transplanting is not good for families"; "she returned to Alabama because she could not bear transplantation"
n00331531	movement of military units to a new location
n00331655	the act of moving from one place to another; "his constant shifting disrupted the class"
n00331950	a change of position that does not entail a change of location; "the reflex motion of his eyebrows revealed his surprise"; "movement is a sign of life"; "an impatient move of his hand"; "gastrointestinal motility"
n00333037	(physiology) moving of a body part away from the central axis of the body
n00333203	(physiology) moving of a body part toward the central axis of the body
n00333366	the act of agitating something; causing it to move around (usually vigorously)
n00333572	a motion of the body by a player as if to make an object already propelled go in the desired direction
n00333733	a circular movement of a limb or eye
n00333829	the act of disturbing something or someone; setting something in motion
n00334174	motion of a fetus within the uterus (usually detected by the 16th week of pregnancy)
n00334356	a sudden quick movement
n00334509	motion of hands or body to emphasize or help to express a thought or feeling
n00334711	the act of turning your head left and right to signify denial or disbelief or bemusement; "I could tell from their headshakes that they didn't believe me"
n00334935	a sharp hand gesture (resembling a blow); "he warned me with a jab with his finger"; "he made a thrusting motion with his fist"
n00335285	ritual hand movement in Hindu religious dancing
n00335384	the act of inclining; bending forward; "an inclination of his head indicated his agreement"
n00335653	the act of turning inside out
n00335814	turning upside down; setting on end
n00335988	an abrupt spasmodic movement
n00336274	a short abrupt inclination (as of the head); "he gave me a short bob of acknowledgement"
n00336430	the act of nodding the head
n00336561	uncontrolled nodding
n00336654	an inclination of the top half of the body forward and downward
n00336805	a rhythmic thrusting movement of the legs as in swimming or calisthenics; "the kick must be synchronized with the arm movements"; "the swimmer's kicking left a wake behind him"
n00337078	supporting yourself on your knees
n00337210	abrupt up-and-down motion (as caused by a ship or other conveyance); "the pitching and tossing was quite exciting"
n00337486	the movement of the eyes
n00337605	involuntary movements of the eyeballs; its presence or absence is used to diagnose a variety of neurological and visual disorders
n00337844	small involuntary tremors of the eyeballs; when it is eliminated by stabilizing the image on the retina, visual perception fades rapidly from fatigue of the retinal receptors
n00338088	nystagmus caused by the body rotating rapidly; large slow movements of the eyeballs are in the direction of rotation
n00338271	a rapid, jerky movement of the eyes between positions of rest
n00338404	nystagmus caused by suddenly stopping the rapid rotation of the body; large slow movements of the eyeballs are in the direction opposite to the direction of rotation
n00338641	the act of opening something; "the ray of light revealed his cautious opening of the door"
n00338821	changing an arrangement
n00338994	the act of rearranging things to give a misleading impression
n00339173	a rearrangement that has no practical effect or significance; "the company is looking for stability after years of musical chairs with directors"; "shareholders don't want the company playing musical chairs with their investment"
n00339463	a rearrangement in a different order
n00339646	act of changing the lineal order of objects in a group
n00339776	the act of reversing the order or place of
n00339907	(electricity) a rearrangement of the relative positions of power lines in order to minimize the effects of mutual capacitance and inductance; "he wrote a textbook on the electrical effects of transposition"
n00340192	going by something that is moving in order to get in front of it; "she drove but well but her reckless passing of every car on the road frightened me"
n00340463	the act of mixing cards haphazardly
n00340662	shuffling again; "the gambler demanded a reshuffle"
n00340838	shuffling by splitting the pack and interweaving the two halves at their corners
n00340989	a series of small (usually idle) twists or turns
n00341109	the act of assuming a prostrate position
n00341243	the act of physically reaching or thrusting out
n00341435	alternating back-and-forth movement
n00341548	the act of assuming or maintaining a reclining position
n00341695	the act of pulling or holding or drawing a part back; "the retraction of the landing gear"; "retraction of the foreskin"
n00341890	the act of bending backward
n00342028	the act of rotating as if on an axis; "the rotation of the dancer kept time with the music"
n00342424	the act of turning or winding or folding around a central axis
n00342565	turning an oar parallel to the water between pulls
n00342755	the act of rotating in a circle or spiral
n00342916	the act of turning on (or as if on) a pivot; "the golfer went to the driving range to practice his pivot"
n00343091	rotation of the hands and forearms so that the palms face downward
n00343249	the act of rotating rapidly; "he gave the crank a spin"; "it broke off after much twisting"
n00343606	flying downward in a helical path with a large radius
n00343730	(ballet) a rapid spin of the body (especially on the toes as in ballet)
n00343894	rotating a log rapidly in the water (as a competitive sport)
n00344040	the act of closing something
n00344259	the act of assuming or maintaining a seated position; "he read the mystery at one sitting"
n00344421	(photography) the act of assuming a certain position (as for a photograph or portrait); "he wanted his portrait painted but couldn't spare time for the sitting"
n00344699	the act of snapping the fingers; movement of a finger from the tip to the base of the thumb on the same hand; "he gave his fingers a snap"
n00344942	the act of assuming or maintaining a crouching position with the knees bent and the buttocks near the heels
n00345149	a movement in an arc; "a sweep of his arm"
n00345297	rotation of the hands and forearms so that the palms face upward
n00345454	turning or twisting around (in place); "with a quick twist of his head he surveyed the room"
n00345641	the act of winding or twisting; "he put the key in the old clock and gave it a good wind"
n00345817	an abrupt movement; "a toss of his head"
n00345926	the act of vibrating
n00346095	a movement like that of a sudden occurrence or increase in a specified phenomenon; "a wave of settlers"; "troops advancing in waves"
n00346296	the act of changing the direction in which something is oriented
n00346532	the act of turning away or in the opposite direction; "he made an abrupt turn away from her"
n00346693	turning in the opposite direction
n00346936	act of pivoting 180 degrees, especially in a military formation
n00347087	complete reversal of direction of travel
n00347180	the act of causing something to move up and down (or back and forth) with quick movements
n00347359	a slight irregular shaking motion
n00347490	agitating a liquid with an implement; "constant stirring prevents it from burning on the bottom of the pan"
n00347652	causing to move repeatedly from side to side
n00347853	the act of moving something by repeated tugs or pushes; "vigorous worrying finally loosened the saw"
n00348008	pitching dangerously to one side
n00348312	the act of upsetting something; "he was badly bruised by the upset of his sled at a high speed"
n00348571	the act of moving back and forth
n00348801	an involuntary vibration (as if from illness or fear)
n00348953	the act of reaching out; "the outreach toward truth of the human spirit"
n00349080	the act of assuming or maintaining an erect upright position
n00349213	the act of sitting or standing astride
n00349369	a single complete movement
n00349520	the stroke of a key; one depression of a key on a keyboard; "the number of keystrokes was used as a measure of work"
n00349705	the act of wiggling
n00349886	a change in the direction that you are moving
n00350030	the act of changing or reversing the direction of the course; "he took a turn to the right"
n00350380	a turning aside (of your course or attention or concern); "a diversion from the main highway"; "a digression into irrelevant details"; "a deflection from his goal"
n00350878	any diversion intended to distract attention from the main issue
n00351000	a turn toward the side of the body that is on the south when the person is facing east; "take a right at the corner"
n00351168	a turn toward the side of the body that is on the north when the person is facing east; "take a left at the corner"
n00351334	(nautical) the act of changing tack
n00351485	the act of changing the amount or size of something
n00351638	the act of decreasing or reducing something
n00352331	the act of reducing the amount or number; "the mayor proposed extensive cuts in the city budget"
n00352585	the act of reducing budgeted expenditures
n00352683	the act of reducing a salary
n00352778	the act of cutting costs
n00352861	cutting the price of merchandise to one lower than the usual or advertised price
n00353013	the act of reducing spending
n00353100	the act of reducing taxation; "the new administration's large tax cut was highly controversial"
n00353249	the action of lessening in severity or intensity; "the object being control or moderation of economic depressions"
n00353469	the act of causing to become less
n00353611	the act of gradually lowering the size or amount; "the doctor prescribed the tapering of the dose"
n00353782	a reduction in quantity or rate
n00353903	the act of reducing service
n00353992	the reduction of something's value or worth
n00354183	the act of reducing the vitality of something
n00354342	altering something (as a legislative act or a statement) in such a manner as to reduce its value; "the adoption of their amendments would have amounted to an evisceration of the act"
n00354583	to act in such a way as to cause an offense to seem less serious
n00354785	the relaxation or relief of muscle spasms
n00354884	the act of reducing something unpleasant (as pain or annoyance); "he asked the nurse for relief from the constant pain"
n00355252	(war) a reduction in intensity (of a crisis or a war)
n00355420	the easing of tensions or strained relations (especially between nations)
n00355547	easing the severity of a pain or a disease without removing the cause
n00355691	the act of making less strict
n00355919	the act of reducing something to the least possible amount or degree or position
n00356199	the act of decreasing something markedly
n00356367	the act of consuming something
n00356516	the amount of fuel used up (as in a nuclear reactor)
n00356621	the act of exhausting something entirely
n00356790	applying pressure
n00357023	the act of gripping and pressing firmly; "he gave her cheek a playful squeeze"
n00357275	a squeeze with the fingers
n00357451	relieving pressure (especially bringing a compressed person gradually back to atmospheric pressure)
n00357680	the act of increasing the density of something
n00357906	the act of thickening
n00358089	the act of crushing
n00358290	the act of grinding to a powder or dust
n00358528	the act of forcing something out by squeezing or pressing; "the expression of milk from her breast"
n00358702	squeezing out by applying pressure; "an unexpected extrusion of toothpaste from the bottom of the tube"; "the expulsion of pus from the pimple"
n00358931	act of decreasing in length; "the dress needs shortening"
n00359135	shortening something by omitting parts of it
n00359238	the act of shortening something by chopping off the ends; "the barber gave him a good cut"
n00359492	the act of severing
n00359614	the act of clipping or snipping
n00359822	the act of cutting the hair
n00359903	cutting down to the desired size or shape
n00360143	the act of trimming a plant
n00360242	removing by cutting off or clipping
n00360404	act of shearing sheep
n00360485	the act of becoming less
n00360601	act of making on a greatly reduced scale
n00360757	the act of subtracting (removing a part from the whole); "he complained about the subtraction of money from their paychecks"
n00361041	a portion removed from the whole; "the government's weekly bite from my paycheck"
n00361192	the act of deducting from an employee's salary
n00361333	the act of abating; "laws enforcing noise abatement"
n00361459	(law) the removal or termination or destruction of something that has been found to be a nuisance
n00361684	the removal of asbestos from a public building
n00361795	the act of rubbing together; wearing something down by friction
n00361932	the act of letting the air out of something
n00362103	the act of reducing the selling price of merchandise
n00362258	reducing prices back to some earlier level
n00362355	the act of reducing the strength of something
n00362546	causing to become limp or drooping
n00362659	weakening (reducing the concentration) by the addition of water or a thinner
n00362862	the act of weakening by stunting the growth or development of something; "the etiolation of the critical tradition"
n00363052	the act of diluting something; "the cutting of whiskey with water"; "the thinning of paint with turpentine"
n00363260	the act of increasing something; "he gave me an increase in salary"
n00363788	the act of adding one thing to another; "the addition of flowers created a pleasing effect"; "the addition of a leap day every four years"
n00364053	the act of adding a component or accessory to something that did not have it when it was manufactured; "the court ordered a retrofit on all automobiles"
n00364260	increase in price or value; "the news caused a general advance on the stock market"
n00364440	an increase in price or value; "an appreciation of 30% in the value of real estate"
n00364600	a decrease in price or value; "depreciation of the dollar against the yen"
n00364787	a sudden or abrupt strong increase; "stimulated a surge of speculation"; "an upsurge of emotion"; "an upsurge in violent crime"
n00365012	the addition of a fluoride to the water supply (to prevent dental decay)
n00365231	the act of augmenting
n00365329	(electronics) the act of increasing voltage or power or current
n00365471	the act of decreasing (something) in size or volume or quantity or scope
n00365709	the act of increasing (something) in size or volume or quantity or scope
n00365995	the act of expanding an aperture; "the dilation of the pupil of the eye"
n00366207	dilation of blood vessels (especially the arteries)
n00366317	the act of expanding by pressure from within
n00366521	act of expanding by lengthening or widening
n00366675	the action of stretching something tight; "tension holds the belt in the pulleys"
n00366846	an increase to counteract a perceived discrepancy; "higher wages caused an escalation of prices"; "there was a gradual escalation of hostilities"
n00367066	the act of raising to the highest possible point or condition or position
n00367280	the act of filling something with air
n00367427	the act of expanding something in apparent size
n00367552	the act of making something more noticeable than usual; "the dance involved a deliberate exaggeration of his awkwardness"
n00367768	act of expanding in scope; making more widely available; "extension of the program to all in need"
n00367976	act of extending over a wider scope or expanse of space or time
n00368302	the spread or transmission of something (as news or money) to a wider group or area
n00368515	circulation again
n00368592	the act of dispersing or diffusing something; "the dispersion of the troops"; "the diffusion of knowledge"
n00368939	the dispersion of fungicides or insecticides or fertilizer on growing crops (often from a low-flying aircraft)
n00369138	the act of scattering
n00369399	an abnormal and usually permanent contraction of a muscle
n00369532	act of stretching or straightening out a flexed limb
n00369694	greater than normal extension
n00369802	(physiology) a shortening or tensing of a part or organ (especially of a muscle or muscle fiber)
n00370127	a sustained muscular contraction resulting from a rapid series of nerve impulses
n00370261	the act of cutting short; "it is an obvious truncation of the verse"; "they were sentenced to a truncation of their limbs"
n00370458	a rhythmic tightening in labor of the upper uterine musculature that contracts the size of the uterus and pushes the fetus toward the birth canal
n00370688	painless contractions of the muscles of the uterus that continue throughout pregnancy with increasing frequency
n00370885	muscular contraction that causes the vagina to close; usually an anxiety reaction before coitus or pelvic examination
n00371059	extension to or beyond the ordinary limit; "running at full stretch"; "by no stretch of the imagination"; "beyond any stretch of his understanding"
n00371314	adding information or detail
n00371487	addition of extra material or illustration or clarifying detail; "a few remarks added in amplification and defense"; "an elaboration of the sketch followed"
n00371735	the act of adding notes
n00371846	the act of supplementing
n00372013	the act of accumulating
n00372226	the act of building up an accumulation; "I envied his rapid buildup of assets"; "a military buildup in preparation for the invasion"
n00372448	the act of putting something somewhere
n00372607	depositing in a warehouse; "they decided to reposition their furniture in a recommended repository in Brooklyn"; "my car is in storage"; "publishers reduced print runs to cut down the cost of warehousing"
n00372977	accumulating and storing a reserve supply; "the stockpiling of war materials"
n00373130	the act of including
n00373278	including by incorporating
n00373418	incorporation by joining or uniting
n00373544	the act of increasing the wealth or prestige or power or scope of something; "the aggrandizement of the king"; "his elevation to cardinal"
n00373862	an act undertaken to increase your own power and influence or to draw attention to your own importance
n00374063	the act of increasing the strength of something
n00374224	action that makes something stronger or more extreme
n00374446	harsh or severe speech or behavior; "men associate the roughness of nonstandard working-class speech with masculinity"; "the roughness of her voice was a signal to keep quiet"
n00374677	the act of increasing the contrast of (a photographic film)
n00374835	action that makes a problem or a disease (or its symptoms) worse; "the aggravation of her condition resulted from lack of care"
n00375071	strengthening the concentration (as of a solute in a mixture) by removing diluting material
n00375348	the concentration of a colloidal solution whose colloid will not pass through a semipermeable membrane; solution is placed in a bag of the membrane and the solvent is evaporated off
n00375625	the act of bringing into focus
n00375938	focusing again
n00376063	the act of changing the unity or wholeness of something
n00376400	the act of breaking something; "the breakage was unavoidable"
n00376715	the act of making a sudden noisy break
n00376825	the act of breaking something into small pieces
n00376994	the act of cracking something
n00377169	the act of chipping something
n00377364	the act of exploding or bursting; "the explosion of the firecrackers awoke the children"; "the burst of an atom bomb creates enormous radiation aloft"
n00377686	the act of detonating an explosive
n00377813	the act of exploding a percussion cap
n00377907	the act of exploding with noise and violence; "his fulminations frightened the horses"
n00378069	the act of burning something; "the burning of leaves was prohibited by a town ordinance"
n00378296	malicious burning to destroy property; "the British term for arson is fire-raising"
n00378479	the act of setting something on fire
n00378706	the act of burning something completely; reducing it to ashes
n00378880	the incineration of a dead body
n00378985	the act of combining things to form a new whole
n00379422	the act of attaching or affixing something
n00379588	the act of grafting something onto something else
n00379754	an act causing a disorderly combination of elements with identities lost and distinctions blended; "the confusion of tongues at the Tower of Babel"
n00379993	a confusion of voices and other sounds
n00380083	the act of mixing together; "paste made by a mix of flour and water"; "the mixing of sound channels in the recording studio"
n00380568	the act of fusing (or melting) together
n00380696	the act of blending components together thoroughly
n00380881	a flowing together
n00380994	the act of making something homogeneous or uniform in composition; "the homogenization of cream"; "the network's homogenization of political news"
n00381326	the act of combining one thing at intervals among other things; "the interspersion of illustrations in the text"
n00381567	the act of tempering
n00381680	the act of making or becoming a single unit; "the union of opposing factions"; "he looked forward to the unification of his family for the holidays"
n00382109	the union of diverse things into one body or form or group; the growing together of parts
n00382474	the act of coming together again; "monetary unification precipitated the reunification of the German state in October 1990"
n00382739	the act of making tribal; unification on a tribal basis
n00382906	the decline or termination of tribal organization
n00383071	having the function of uniting a group of similar things; "the Democratic Party is an umbrella for many liberal groups"; "under the umbrella of capitalism"
n00383281	an annual school or university reunion for graduates
n00383390	becoming open or being made open; "the opening of his arms was the sign I was waiting for"
n00383606	the act of dividing or disconnecting
n00383952	an act of delaying or interrupting the continuity; "it was presented without commercial breaks"; "there was a gap in his account"
n00384329	(film) a still picture that is introduced and that interrupts the action of a film
n00384510	(broadcasting) a local announcement inserted into a network program
n00384658	a forcible tearing or surgical separation of one body part from another
n00384802	the act of removing from association
n00384933	formal separation from an alliance or federation
n00385104	the withdrawal of eleven southern states from the Union in 1860 which precipitated the American Civil War
n00385266	the act of breaking away or withdrawing from; "there was a breakaway by the discontented members"; "a breaking away from family and neighborhood"
n00385501	the termination or destruction of union
n00385649	the act of breaking a connection
n00385791	the act or process of dividing
n00386164	the division into parcels; "the increasing parcellation of land with every generation"
n00386345	the act of cleaving or splitting
n00386450	dividing into two equal parts
n00386553	dividing into four equal parts
n00386676	division of a group into opposing factions; "another schism like that and they will wind up in bankruptcy"
n00386915	the act of cutting something into parts; "his cuts were skillful"; "his cutting of the cake made a terrible mess"
n00387214	cutting so as to separate into pieces
n00387326	the act of dividing by cutting or splitting
n00387424	the act of cutting into slices
n00387526	a cut made underneath to remove material
n00387657	the act of penetrating or opening open with a sharp edge; "his cut in the lining revealed the hidden jewels"
n00387897	a small cut
n00388065	a strong sweeping cut made with a sharp instrument
n00388210	separating something into fine particles
n00388392	the act of branching out or dividing into branches
n00388710	the act of splitting into two branches
n00388842	the act of splitting into three branches
n00388959	branching at a wide angle
n00389043	act or process of forming fibrils
n00389135	the act of dividing into two sharply different categories
n00389308	the act of dividing into quanta or expressing in terms of quantum theory
n00389508	separation into portions
n00389610	the act of grouping things or people in pairs
n00389763	a cooperative practice of pairing two or more people together for mutual assistance or safety (especially in recreational swimming)
n00389953	the pairing of people or things as for comparison or competition; "it was a good match-up but the home team won"; "we need a matchup of the best teachers with the neediest schools"
n00390198	the use of certain marks to clarify meaning of written material by grouping words grammatically into sentences and clauses and phrases
n00390445	connecting syllables and words by hyphens
n00390581	forming or dividing words into syllables
n00390735	division of a word especially at the end of a line on a page
n00390906	the act of releasing from an attachment or connection
n00391086	the act of tearing; "he took the manuscript in both hands and gave it a mighty tear"
n00391293	the act of lacerating
n00391407	the act of rending or ripping or splitting something; "he gave the envelope a vigorous rip"
n00391599	the act of removing; "he had surgery for the removal of a malignancy"
n00392093	act of getting or draining something such as electricity or a liquid from a source; "the drawing of water from the well"
n00392335	the act of deriving something or obtaining something from a source or origin
n00392468	drawing off water from its main channel as for irrigation
n00392582	drawing of fluid or inflammation away from a diseased part of the body
n00392709	the act of cutting something off
n00392848	the act of withdrawing or removing something
n00392950	the action of taking out something (especially using effort or force); "the dentist gave her a local anesthetic prior to the extraction"
n00393161	the separation of grain or seeds from the husks and straw; "they used to do the threshing by hand but now there are machines to do it"
n00393369	surgical removal of a body part or tissue
n00394242	spontaneous removal or casting off of a body part (as the tail of a lizard or claw of a lobster) especially when the organism is injured or under attack
n00394485	the removal of contaminants
n00394610	the act of deleting something written or printed
n00394803	the removal of covering
n00395017	removal of scars or tattoos by anesthetizing the skin surface and then sanding or scraping off some of the outer skin layer
n00395199	forced removal from a position of advantage
n00395333	the act of removing or getting rid of something
n00395503	the act of removing an unknown mathematical quantity by combining equations
n00395654	the act of circumcising; surgical removal of the foreskin of males
n00395797	the act of removing the contents of something
n00396029	emptying something accomplished by allowing liquid to run out of it
n00396213	the withdrawal of money from your account at a bank
n00396344	the concerted action of depositors who try to withdraw their money from a bank because they think it will fail
n00396509	the withdrawal of capital from a country or corporation
n00396642	the removal of soap with clean water in the final stage of washing
n00396825	the act of deleting or modifying all passages considered to be indecent
n00397010	the deletion of objectionable parts from a literary work
n00397191	written material that has been bowdlerized
n00397347	deleting parts of publications or correspondence or theatrical performances
n00397545	censorship in the form of prudish expurgation
n00397647	censorship because of perceived obscenity or immorality
n00397760	deletion by an act of expunging or erasing
n00397953	the act of dividing or partitioning; separation by the creation of a boundary that divides or keeps apart
n00398427	the act of subdividing; division of something previously divided
n00398585	the division or partitioning of a cavity into parts by a septum
n00398704	the act of changing in form or shape or appearance; "a photograph is a translation of a scene onto a two-dimensional surface"
n00399030	(genetics) modification of a cell or bacterium by the uptake and incorporation of exogenous DNA
n00399223	complete change in character or condition; "the permutations...taking place in the physical world"- Henry Miller
n00399393	the act of revising or altering (involving reconsideration and modification); "it would require a drastic revision of his opinion"
n00399717	the act of transforming so as to exalt or glorify
n00399846	the act of changing into a different form or appearance (especially a fantastic or grotesque one); "the transmogrification of the prince into a porcupine"
n00400083	the act of changing from one use or function or purpose to another
n00400278	the conversion of bare or cultivated land into forest (originally for the purpose of hunting)
n00400449	the restoration (replanting) of a forest that had been reduced by fire or cutting
n00400645	the restoration of someone to a useful place in society
n00400851	providing penal custody or probation or parole for convicted offenders
n00400995	providing help for disabled persons; the removal or reduction of disabilities
n00401194	the clearing and rebuilding and redevelopment of urban slums
n00401314	providing training in a specific trade with the aim of gaining employment
n00401459	the act of restoring someone to a previous position; "we insisted on the reinstatement of the colonel"
n00401639	the act of restoring to a more youthful condition
n00401783	activity that refreshes and recreates; activity that renews your health and spirits by enjoyment and relaxation; "time for rest and refreshment by the pool"; "days of joyous recreation with his friends"
n00402128	a complete change of physical form or substance especially as by magic or witchcraft
n00402308	a striking change in appearance or character or circumstances; "the metamorphosis of the old house into something new and exciting"
n00402535	the act of filling something
n00402671	the act of soaking thoroughly with a liquid
n00402789	the act of making something harder (firmer or tighter or more compact)
n00402951	hardening something by heat treatment
n00403092	the act of damaging something or someone
n00403334	damage that results in a reduction of strength or quality
n00403466	the act of damaging the appearance or surface of something; "the defacement of an Italian mosaic during the Turkish invasion"; "he objected to the dam's massive disfigurement of the landscape"
n00403783	the act of inflicting a wound
n00403911	damage inflicted by fire
n00404058	the act of burning with steam or hot water
n00404170	the act of changing something to bring it up to date (usually by adding something); "criminal records need regular updating"
n00404403	an action that changes the shape of something
n00404726	the act of twisting or deforming the shape of something (e.g., yourself)
n00404959	the action of coiling or twisting or winding together
n00405106	the act of making angulate (having corners)
n00405206	the act of bending something
n00405360	act of bending a joint; especially a joint between the bones of a limb so that the angle between them is decreased
n00405628	the act of flexing; "he gave his biceps a flex to impress the ladies"
n00405766	the act of bending low with the limbs close to the body
n00405892	the act of bending backward (of the body or a body part)
n00406007	the act of lengthening something
n00406114	the act of bending yourself into a humped position
n00406234	the action of creating a curved shape
n00406365	the action of enfolding something
n00406485	the act of shaping into parallel ridges and grooves
n00406612	the act of folding; "he gave the napkins a double fold"
n00406800	the act of folding in parallel folds
n00406939	the act of cutting into an edge with toothlike notches or angular incisions
n00407090	the act of projecting out from something
n00407270	the act of making something wider
n00407407	the act of making something narrower
n00407535	any specific behavior; "they avoided all recreational activity"
n00409075	domestic activities or life; "making a hobby of domesticity"
n00409211	the activity of operating something (a machine or business etc.); "her smooth operation of the vehicle gave us a surprisingly comfortable ride"
n00409483	a planned activity involving many people performing various actions; "they organized a rescue operation"; "the biggest police operation in French history"; "running a restaurant is quite an operation"; "consolidate the companies various operations"
n00409823	an operation organized to free from danger or confinement
n00409943	an operation involving secret work within a community or institution
n00410096	an undercover operation by narcotics detectives to catch unsuspecting drug dealers
n00410247	a customary way of operation or behavior; "it is their practice to give annual raises"; "they changed their dietary pattern"
n00411048	translating an idea into action; "a hard theory to put into practice"; "differences between theory and praxis of communism"
n00411235	use of biological principles in explaining human especially social behavior
n00411384	the practice of cooperating; "economic cooperation"; "they agreed on a policy of cooperation"
n00411553	the practice (usually by a labor union) of requiring an employer to hire more workers than are required
n00411717	the practice of scrupulous adherence to prescribed or external forms
n00411859	the practice of eating fungi (especially mushrooms collected in the wild)
n00412006	the practice of keeping one jump ahead of a friend or competitor
n00412130	the practice of one person holding more than one benefice at a time
n00412271	the practice of investing things with symbolic meaning
n00412449	practices typical of contemporary life or thought
n00412572	supernatural practices and techniques; "he is a student of the occult"
n00412727	the practice of ornamental display
n00412839	the practice of eating the flesh of your own kind
n00412982	human cannibalism; the eating of human flesh
n00413086	the practice of advancing your career at the expense of your personal integrity
n00413239	accepted or habitual practice
n00413554	a custom that is peculiar to the United States or its citizens
n00413674	a custom that is peculiar to England or its citizens
n00413795	a custom or usage that has acquired the force of law
n00413904	a custom among some peoples whereby the husband of a pregnant wife is put to bed at the time of bearing the child
n00414071	a custom that is peculiar to Germany or its citizens
n00414179	(psychology) an automatic pattern of behavior in reaction to a specific situation; may be inherited or acquired through frequent repetition; "owls have nocturnal habits"; "she had a habit twirling the ends of her hair"; "long use had hardened him to it"
n00414599	the custom in some Islamic societies of women dressing modestly outside the home; "she observes the hijab and does not wear tight clothing"
n00414790	stereotyped behavior
n00414881	acquired behavior that is practiced so long it seems innate
n00415000	habitual mode of behavior
n00415098	the usual activities in your day; "the doctor made his rounds"
n00415226	characteristic or habitual practice
n00415333	the practice of lobbying; the activities of a lobbyist
n00415442	the practice of owning slaves
n00415540	the practice of making a debtor work for his creditor until the debt is discharged
n00415676	a course of conduct; "the path of virtue"; "we went our separate ways"; "our paths in life led us apart"; "genius usually follows a revolutionary path"
n00415988	(archaic) roundabout or mysterious ways of action
n00416129	a life of ease and pleasure
n00416216	the way of proper and honest behavior; "he taught his children to keep strictly to the straight and narrow"
n00416409	(Islam) the way of life prescribed as normative for Muslims on the basis of the teachings and practices of Muhammad and interpretations of the Koran
n00416646	a course leading to warfare or battle
n00416737	the easiest way; "In marrying him she simply took the path of least resistance"
n00416914	law based on customary behavior
n00417005	the practice of punishing people by hanging without due process of law
n00417131	a restraining hold; someone loops the arm around the neck of another person in a tight grip, usually from behind; "he grabbed the woman in a chokehold, demanded her cash and jewelry, and then fled"
n00417397	the act of clasping another person in the arms (as in greeting or affection)
n00417643	a close and affectionate (and often prolonged) embrace
n00417859	a tight or amorous embrace; "come here and give me a big hug"
n00418025	the practice of treating (someone or something) badly; "he should be punished for his mistreatment of his mother"
n00418305	the practice of nonconformity
n00418394	the act of troubling or annoying someone
n00418615	willful lack of care and attention
n00418787	contemptuous disregard; "she wanted neither favor nor despite"
n00418903	an act that exploits or victimizes someone (treats them unfairly); "capitalistic exploitation of the working class"; "paying Blacks less and charging them more is a form of victimization"
n00419315	the exploitation of black people (especially with regard to stereotyped roles in movies)
n00419464	the commercial exploitation of sex or sexuality or explicit sexual material; "sexploitation by advertisers is notorious"
n00419644	the act of tormenting by continued persistent attacks and criticism
n00419908	cruel or inhumane treatment; "the child showed signs of physical abuse"
n00420218	the physical or emotional or sexual mistreatment of children
n00420336	failure of caretakers to provide adequate emotional and physical care for a child
n00420477	the act of persecuting (especially on the basis of race or religion)
n00420712	the act of repressing; control by holding down; "his goal was the repression of insolence"
n00420877	the act of piercing with a sharpened stake as a form of punishment or torture
n00421047	the act of subjugating by cruelty; "the tyrant's oppression of the people"
n00421210	organized persecution of an ethnic group (especially Jews)
n00421321	handing over prisoners to countries where torture is allowed
n00421437	the deliberate, systematic, or wanton infliction of physical or mental suffering by one or more persons in an attempt to force another person to yield information or to make a confession or for any other reason; "it required unnatural torturing to extract a confession"
n00422114	a form of torture in which the soles of the feet are beaten with whips or cudgels
n00422261	a form of foot torture in which the feet are encased in iron and slowly crushed
n00422391	a form of torture in which cigarettes or cigars or other hot implements are used to burn the victim's skin
n00422551	the infliction of extremely painful punishment or suffering
n00422719	blunt or penetrating trauma or rape (vaginal or anal)
n00422834	torture that is sanctioned by the state and executed by duly accredited officials; "the English renounced judicial torture in 1640"
n00423028	a form of foot torture used by the Chinese in which the victim's foot was placed between three pieces of bamboo and systematically squeezed
n00423222	a form of torture used by American Indians in which sensitive parts of the body were squeezed between two boards until the victim could bear no more
n00423423	a form of torture in which the fingernails or toenails are removed
n00423563	a form of military punishment used by the British in the late 17th century in which a soldier was forced to stand on one foot on a pointed stake
n00423769	a form of psychological torture inflicted by questioning the victim for hours
n00423916	a form of torture in which pain is inflicted by stretching the body
n00424034	a form of psychological torture inflicted by depriving the victim of all sensory input
n00424186	a form of psychological torture inflicted by depriving the victim of sleep
n00424324	a form of torture in which the hands are tied behind a person's back and they are lifted off the ground by a rope tied to their wrists, then allowed to drop until their fall is checked with a jerk by the rope
n00424599	a cruel act; a deliberate infliction of pain and suffering
n00424767	an act of atrocious cruelty
n00424934	a brutal barbarous savage act
n00425090	a wantonly cruel act
n00425182	harassment especially of a tethered animal
n00425278	the act of harassing someone
n00425451	actions that cause great irritation (or even anger)
n00425615	something that irritates or demands immediate action; "doing that is like waving a red flag in front of a bull"
n00425781	unwelcome sexual behavior by a supervisor toward an employee
n00425905	the act of harassing someone playfully or maliciously (especially by ridicule); provoking someone with persistent annoyances; "he ignored their teases"; "his ribbing was gentle but persistent"
n00426275	searching out and harassing dissenters
n00426388	unscrupulously accusing people of disloyalty (as by saying they were Communists)
n00426526	exploitation by a stronger country of weaker one; the use of the weaker country's resources to strengthen and enrich the stronger country
n00426757	control by a powerful country of its former colonies (or other less developed countries) by economic pressures
n00426928	an activity that diverts or amuses or stimulates; "scuba diving is provided as a diversion for tourists"; "for recreation he wrote poetry and solved crossword puzzles"; "drug abuse is often regarded as a form of recreation"
n00427580	a ludicrous or grotesque act done for fun and amusement
n00427853	immersing the body in water or sunshine
n00428000	any joyous diversion
n00428270	taking a series of rhythmical steps (and movements) in time to music
n00429048	an activity that is diverting and that holds the attention
n00429322	any carefree episode
n00429440	an inclination to retreat from unpleasant realities through diversion or fantasy; "romantic novels were her escape from the stress of daily life"; "his alcohol problem was a form of escapism"
n00429713	the interpretation in harmonious bodily movements of the rhythm of musical compositions; used to teach musical understanding
n00429949	activities that are enjoyable or amusing; "I do it for the fun of it"; "he is fun to have around"
n00430140	the act of playing for stakes in the hope of winning (including the payment of a price for a chance to win a prize); "his gambling cost him a fortune"; "there was heavy play at the blackjack table"
n00430606	an amusement or pastime; "they played word games"; "he thought of his painting as a game that filled his empty time"; "his life was all fun and games"
n00431005	activity characterized by good humor
n00431292	the activity of people seeking nighttime diversion (as at the theater, a nightclub, etc.); "a futile search for intelligent nightlife"; "in the summer the nightlife shifts to the dance clubs"
n00431552	a diversion that occupies one's time and thoughts (usually pleasantly); "sailing is her favorite pastime"; "his main pastime is gambling"; "he counts reading among his interests"; "they criticized the boy for his limited pursuits"
n00431893	activity by children that is guided more by imagination than by fixed rules; "Freud believed in the utility of play to a small child"
n00432164	play in which children take the roles of father or mother or children and pretend to interact like adults; "the children were playing house"
n00432356	children take the roles of physician or patient or nurse and pretend they are at the physician's office; "the children explored each other's bodies by playing the game of doctor"
n00432587	play in which children pretend to put out a fire
n00432689	an auxiliary activity
n00432881	an activity that you like or at which you are superior; "chemistry is not my cup of tea"; "his bag now is learning to play golf"; "marriage was scarcely his dish"
n00433113	the occupation and skills of a confectioner
n00433216	the occupation of athletes who compete for pay
n00433458	a sport that necessarily involves body contact between opposing players
n00433661	a sport that is played outdoors
n00433802	a sport that involves exercises intended to display strength and balance and agility
n00434075	the gymnastic moves of an acrobat
n00434231	an acrobatic feat in which the trunk is bent backward from a standing position until the hands touch the floor
n00434396	a feat in which an acrobat arches the back from a prone position and bends the knees until the toes touch the head
n00434568	backbends combined with handstands
n00434657	acrobatic revolutions with the body turned sideways and the arms and legs outstretched like the spokes of a wheel
n00434844	a gymnastic exercise performed on the rings when the gymnast supports himself with both arms extended horizontally
n00435013	a gymnastic exercise on the parallel bars in which the body is lowered and raised by bending and straightening the arms
n00435182	a gymnastic exercise performed on the pommel horse when the gymnast (with legs together) swings his legs in a circle while alternating hands on the pommels
n00435401	a gymnastic exercise performed on the horizontal bar by swinging around it with the body fully extended
n00435563	exercise intended to strengthen the circulatory system
n00435778	(gymnastics) an exercise designed to develop and display strength and agility and balance (usually performed with or on some gymnastic apparatus)
n00436187	the act of supporting yourself by your hands alone in an upside down position
n00436339	a gymnastic exercise performed on the rings or horizontal bar or parallel bars when the gymnast's weight is supported by the arms
n00436609	a hang performed with the elbows bent
n00436702	a hang performed on the rings with the body upside down
n00436817	a hang performed on the rings with the body stationary in a horizontal position
n00436953	a hang with the arms extended in back
n00437067	a hang performed on the rings or parallel bars with the body erect and the arms at the sides
n00437219	a reverse hang performed on the rings
n00437321	raising the feet backward with the hands on the ground; a first movement in doing a handstand
n00437487	an acrobatic feat in which a person goes from a standing position to a handstand and back again
n00437639	an acrobatic feat in which a person balances on the head (usually with the help of the hands)
n00437788	an acrobatic feat of rolling or turning end over end
n00437929	extending the legs at right angles to the trunk (one in front and the other in back)
n00438065	a stunt performed by an acrobat
n00438338	a gymnastic exercise performed starting from a position with the legs over the upper body and moving to an erect position by arching the back and swinging the legs out and down while forcing the chest upright
n00438606	a gymnastic exercise involving a long leap from a vaulting horse
n00438725	a gymnastic exercise performed on the pommel horse when the gymnast moves his legs as the blades of scissors move
n00438893	a gymnastic exercise performed with a leg on either side of the parallel bars
n00439043	an increase in the number of outstanding shares of a corporation without changing the shareholders' equity; "they announced a two-for-one split of the common stock"
n00439284	a decrease in the number of outstanding shares of a corporation without changing the shareholders' equity
n00439484	an acrobatic feat in which the feet roll over the head (either forward or backward) and return
n00439749	a backward somersault
n00439826	participating in athletic sports performed on a running track or on the field associated with it
n00440039	the act of participating in an athletic competition involving running on a track
n00440218	the act of participating in an athletic competition in which you must jump
n00440382	the act of jumping as far as possible from a running start
n00440509	the act of jumping as high as possible over a horizontal bar
n00440643	jumping over the bar backwards and head first
n00440747	a sport in which participants must travel on skis
n00440941	the sport of skiing across the countryside (rather than downhill)
n00441073	the act of performing a jump on skis from a high ramp overhanging a snow covered slope
n00441235	a standing turn made in skiing; one ski is raised to the vertical and pivoted backward to become parallel with the other ski but headed in the opposite direction and then the other ski is aligned with the first
n00441501	a turn made in skiing; the back of one ski is forced outward and the other ski is brought parallel to it
n00441686	a turn made in skiing; the outside ski is placed ahead and turned gradually inwards
n00441824	sports that involve bodies of water
n00442115	the act of swimming; "it was the swimming they enjoyed most": "they took a short swim in the pool"
n00442437	the act of swimming; "the Englishman said he had a good bathe"
n00442569	bathing in the sea or ocean
n00442654	a naked swim
n00442759	immersing the body in sunlight
n00442847	a brief swim in water
n00442981	a headlong plunge into water
n00443231	the act of someone who floats on the water
n00443375	a floating position with the face down and arms stretched forward
n00443517	a dive in which the abdomen bears the main force of impact with the water
n00443692	diving into the water from a steep overhanging cliff
n00443803	a dive in which the diver somersaults before entering the water
n00443917	a dive in which the diver throws the feet forward to complete a full backward somersault and enters the water feet first and facing away from the diving board
n00444142	a dive in which the diver throws the feet forward and up to complete a half backward somersault and enters the water facing the diving board
n00444340	a dive in which the diver bends to touch the ankles before straightening out
n00444490	a dive in which the diver arches the back with arms outstretched before entering the water
n00444651	underwater swimming without any more breathing equipment than a snorkel
n00444846	skin diving with scuba apparatus
n00444937	skin diving with a snorkel
n00445055	the sport of riding a surfboard toward the shore on the crest of a wave
n00445226	skiing on water while being towed by a motorboat
n00445351	the act of rowing as a sport
n00445529	a stroke of the oar that either misses the water or digs too deeply; "he caught a crab and lost the race"
n00445685	rowing by a single oarsman in a racing shell
n00445802	fighting with the fists
n00446311	boxing for money
n00446411	boxing at close quarters
n00446493	a boxing or wrestling match; "the fight was on television last night"
n00446632	a boxing tactic: pretending to be trapped against the ropes while your opponent wears himself out throwing punches
n00446804	making the motions of attack and defense with the fists and arms; a part of training for a boxer
n00446980	the sport of shooting arrows with a bow
n00447073	the sport of riding on a sled or sleigh
n00447221	riding on a long light sled with low handrails
n00447361	riding a light one-man toboggan
n00447463	riding on a bobsled
n00447540	the sport of hand-to-hand struggle between unarmed contestants who try to throw each other down
n00447879	a wrestling maneuver
n00447957	a style of wrestling where the wrestlers are forbidden to tackle or trip or use holds below the waist
n00448126	wrestling for money
n00448232	a Japanese form of wrestling; you lose if you are forced out of a small ring or if any part of your body (other than your feet) touches the ground
n00448466	the sport of gliding on skates
n00448640	skating on ice
n00448748	ice skating where the skates trace outlines of selected figures
n00448872	skating using Rollerblades
n00448958	skating on wheels
n00449054	the sport of skating on a skateboard
n00449168	competitive skating on speed skates (usually around an oval course)
n00449295	the sport of engaging in contests of speed
n00449517	the sport of racing automobiles
n00449695	the sport of racing boats
n00449796	racing in high-speed motor boats
n00449892	the sport of racing camels
n00449977	the sport of racing greyhounds
n00450070	the sport of racing horses
n00450230	the sport of racing thoroughbred horses
n00450335	the sport of siting on the back of a horse while controlling its movements
n00450700	a sport that tests horsemanship
n00450866	a sport in which people ride across country on ponies
n00450998	riding horses in competitions over set courses to demonstrate skill in jumping over obstacles
n00451186	riding horses across country over obstructions to demonstrate horsemanship
n00451370	the sport of traveling on a bicycle or motorcycle
n00451563	riding a bicycle
n00451635	riding a motorcycle; "motorcycling is a dangerous sport"
n00451768	bicycling or motorcycling on sand dunes
n00451866	sport that involves killing animals (especially hunting)
n00452034	the activity at a bullfight
n00452152	participation in the sport of matching gamecocks in a cockfight
n00452293	the pursuit and killing or capture of wild animals regarded as a sport
n00452734	a hunt in which beaters force the game to flee in the direction of the hunter
n00452864	hunting rabbits with beagles
n00452947	a hunt for animals that have been raised on game ranches until they are mature enough to be killed for trophy collections
n00453126	hunting with dogs (usually greyhounds) that are trained to chase game (such as hares) by sight instead of by scent
n00453313	hunting deer
n00453396	hunting ducks
n00453478	mounted hunters follow hounds in pursuit of a fox
n00453631	the sport of hunting wild boar with spears
n00453731	agriculture considered as an occupation or way of life; "farming is a strenuous life"; "there's no work on the land any more"
n00453935	the act of someone who fishes as a diversion
n00454121	the occupation of catching fish for a living
n00454237	fishing with a hook and line (and usually a pole)
n00454395	angling with an artificial fly as a lure
n00454493	angling by drawing a baited line through the water
n00454624	the act of throwing a fishing line out over the water by means of a rod and reel
n00454855	the single-handed rod casting of a relatively heavy (artificial) bait
n00454983	casting an artificial fly as a lure
n00455076	a cast that falls beyond the intended spot
n00455173	casting (artificial) bait far out into the ocean (up to 200 yards) with the waves breaking around you
n00455348	an activity that continues something that has already begun or that repeats something that has already been done
n00455599	a contest with rules to determine a winner; "you need four people to play this game"
n00456199	a single play of a sport or other contest; "the game lasted two hours"
n00456465	a game played in daylight
n00456563	a game played under artificial illumination at night
n00456690	a game played away from home
n00456804	a game played at home
n00456899	a game whose outcome is not recorded in the season's standing
n00457038	an immediate second innings forced on a cricket team scoring a prescribed number of runs fewer than its opponents in the first innings
n00457228	the batting turn of a cricket player or team
n00457382	(game) the activity of doing something in an agreed succession; "it is my turn"; "it is still my play"
n00457723	an offensive move in a sport or game; "they won the game with a 10-hit attack in the 9th inning"
n00457890	a recognized sequence of moves at the beginning of a game of chess; "he memorized all the important chess openings"
n00458094	(chess) an attack that is intended to counter the opponent's advantage in another part of the board
n00458286	(American football) a complete play to advance the football; "you have four downs to gain ten yards"
n00458456	(baseball) a turn trying to get a hit; "he was at bat when it happened"; "he got four hits in four at-bats"
n00458641	a cooperative game in which a ball is passed back and forth; "he played catch with his son in the backyard"
n00458800	a game to amuse guests at a party
n00458890	a game played against a computer
n00459013	a hypothetical three-dimensional visual world created by a computer; user wears special goggles and fiber optic gloves etc., and can enter and move about in this world and interact with objects as if inside it
n00459284	a game played on a sloping board; the object is to propel marbles against pins or into pockets
n00459465	a Japanese pinball game played on a vertical board
n00459570	a game in which participants compete to identify some obscurely indicated thing
n00459727	player acts out a phrase for others to guess
n00459845	a game in which a flat stone is bounced along the surface of calm water
n00459979	any game designed to exercise the intellect
n00460078	an outdoor game; one group of players (the hares) start off on a long run scattering bits of paper (the scent) and pursuers (the hounds) try to catch them before they reach a designated spot
n00460344	a children's game in which the players dance around in a circle and at a given signal all squat
n00460541	a children's game; two teams capture opposing players by tagging them and taking them to their own base
n00460706	a game in which players try to find hidden articles by using a series of clues
n00460844	the final game of a double header
n00460951	two games instead of one (especially in baseball when the same two teams play two games on the same day)
n00461162	one game in the series of games constituting a playoff
n00461294	an eliminating game between teams in a cup competition
n00461402	a simulation of a military operation intended to train military commanders or to demonstrate a situation or to test a proposed strategy
n00461611	a game played on ice in which heavy stones with handles are slid toward a target
n00461782	a game in which balls are rolled at an object or group of objects with the aim of knocking them over or moving them
n00462116	one of the ten divisions into which bowling is divided
n00462241	bowling down an alley at a target of ten wooden pins
n00462383	a bowling game that is played by rolling a bowling ball down a bowling alley at a target of nine wooden pins
n00462557	a bowling game using a pin smaller than a tenpin but proportionately wider
n00462686	a bowling game using slender bowling pins
n00462804	a bowling game played on a level lawn with biased wooden balls that are rolled at a jack
n00462997	Italian bowling played on a long narrow dirt court
n00463116	a 17th century game; a wooden ball was driven along an alley with a mallet
n00463246	a game involving athletic activity
n00463543	a game played on an ice rink by two opposing teams of six skaters each who try to knock a flat round puck into the opponents' goal with angled sticks
n00464037	the defensive position on an ice hockey or soccer or lacrosse team who stands in front of the goal and tries to prevent opposing players from scoring
n00464277	a game with two players who use rackets to strike a ball that is tethered to the top of a pole; the object is to wrap the string around the pole
n00464478	a game played in a swimming pool by two teams of swimmers who try to throw an inflated ball into the opponents' goal
n00464651	an athletic game that is played outdoors
n00464894	a game played on a large open course with 9 or 18 holes; the object is use as few strokes as possible in playing all the holes
n00466273	playing golf for money
n00466377	the activity of playing 18 holes of golf; "a round of golf takes about 4 hours"
n00466524	golf scoring by total strokes taken
n00466630	golf scoring by holes won
n00466712	a novelty version of golf played with golf balls and putters on a miniature course featuring many obstacles
n00466880	a game in which players hit a wooden ball through a series of hoops; the winner is the first to traverse all the hoops and hit a peg
n00467122	a game that simulates military combat; players on one team try to eliminate players on the opposing team by shooting capsules of paint at them
n00467320	a game in which iron rings (or open iron rings) are thrown at a stake in the ground in the hope of encircling it
n00467536	a game in which players use long sticks to shove wooden disks onto the scoring area marked on a smooth surface
n00467719	an outdoor game played on a field of specified dimensions
n00467995	a game resembling ice hockey that is played on an open field; two opposing teams use curved sticks try to drive a ball into the opponents' net
n00468299	a simple version of hockey played by children on the streets (or on ice or on a field) using a ball or can as the puck
n00468480	any of various games played with a ball (round or oval) in which two teams try to kick or carry or propel the ball into each other's goal
n00469651	a game played by two teams of 11 players on a rectangular field 100 yards long; teams try to get possession of the ball and advance it across the opponents goal line in a series of (running or passing) plays
n00470554	football played for pay
n00470682	a version of American football in which the ball carrier is touched rather than tackled
n00470830	a traditional Irish game resembling hockey; played by two teams of 15 players each
n00470966	a form of football played with an oval ball
n00471277	(rugby) knocking the ball forward while trying to catch it (a foul)
n00471437	a field game played with a ball (especially baseball)
n00471613	a ball game played with a bat and ball between two teams of nine players; teams take turns at bat trying to score runs; "he played baseball in high school"; "there was a baseball game on every empty lot"; "there was a desire for National League ball in the area"; "play ball!"
n00474568	the game of baseball
n00474657	playing baseball for money
n00474769	baseball as distinguished from softball
n00474881	a game in which a pitcher does not allow any opposing player to reach base
n00475014	a game in which a pitcher allows the opposing team no hits
n00475142	a game in which a pitcher allows the opposing team only one hit
n00475273	a game in which a pitcher allows the opposing team only 2 hits
n00475403	a game in which a pitcher allows the opposing team only 3 hits
n00475535	a game in which a pitcher allows the opposing team 4 hits
n00475661	a game in which a pitcher allows the opposing team 5 hits
n00475787	a game closely resembling baseball that is played on a smaller diamond and with a ball that is larger and softer
n00476140	an English ball game similar to baseball
n00476235	a form of baseball played in the streets with a rubber ball and broomstick handle
n00476389	a game played with a ball and bat by two teams of 11 players; teams take turns trying to score runs
n00476788	the approach run during which an athlete gathers speed
n00476952	a ball bowled by a left-handed bowler to a right-handed batsman that spins from off to leg
n00477097	a cricket ball bowled as if to break one way that actually breaks in the opposite way
n00477268	unlawfully delivered ball in cricket; "the umpire called it a no ball"
n00477392	a game invented by American Indians; now played by two teams who use long-handled rackets to catch and carry and throw the ball toward the opponents' goal
n00477639	a game similar to field hockey but played on horseback using long-handled mallets and a wooden ball
n00477827	a game using a leather ball six feet in diameter; the two side try to push it across the opponents' goal
n00477986	a game between two teams whose players try to toss a Frisbee to one another until they cross the opponents goal; possession changes hands when the Frisbee is intercepted or touches the ground or goes out of bounds
n00478262	a football game in which two teams of 11 players try to kick or head a ball into the opponents' goal
n00478647	the propulsion of a ball by repeated taps or kicks
n00478855	an illegal dribble in basketball (the player uses both hands to dribble or the player starts to dribble a second time after coming to a stop)
n00479076	an athletic game played on a court
n00479440	a game played in a walled court or against a single wall by two or four players who strike a rubber ball with their hands
n00479616	a game played on a handball court with short-handled rackets
n00479734	a game resembling handball; played on a court with a front wall and two side walls
n00479887	a game played in an enclosed court by two or four players who strike the ball with long-handled rackets
n00480211	a game in which two teams hit an inflated ball over a high net using their hands
n00480366	a Basque or Spanish game played in a court with a ball and a wickerwork racket
n00480508	a game played on a court with light long-handled rackets used to volley a shuttlecock over a net
n00480885	an ancient racket game
n00480993	a game played on a court by two opposing teams of 5 players; points are scored by throwing the ball through an elevated horizontal hoop
n00481666	the act of starting a basketball game with a jump ball
n00481803	playing basketball for money
n00481938	game played mainly on board ocean liners; players toss a ring back and forth over a net that is stretched across a small court
n00482122	a team game that resembles basketball; a soccer ball is to be thrown so that it passes through a ring on the top of a post
n00482298	a game played with rackets by two or four players who hit a ball back and forth over a net that divides the court
n00482892	(tennis) a score consisting of winning a game when your opponent was serving; "he was up two breaks in the second set"
n00483098	a score that makes the match even
n00483205	playing tennis for money
n00483313	tennis played with one person on each side
n00483409	badminton played with one person on each side
n00483508	tennis played with two players on each side
n00483605	badminton played with two players on each side
n00483705	an ancient form of tennis played in a four-walled court
n00483848	an Italian game similar to tennis
n00483935	a game enjoyed by children
n00484362	a children's game in which a blindfolded player tries to catch and identify other players
n00484532	a game for children in which the players form a circle and join hands; they raise their hands to let a player inside the circle or lower their hands to bar a second player who is chasing the first
n00484802	a game played with string looped over the fingers
n00484910	a game in which a child covers his eyes while the other players hide then tries to find them
n00485081	a game in which a child tosses a stone into an area drawn on the ground and then hops through it and back to regain the stone
n00485262	a game in which jackstones are thrown and picked up in various groups between bounces of a small rubber ball
n00485450	a game in which players try to pick each jackstraw (or spillikin) off of a pile without moving any of the others
n00485632	a child's game or a cardiopulmonary exercise in which the player jumps over a swinging rope
n00485815	the difficult version of jump rope in which players jump over two ropes that are swung in a crisscross manner by two turners
n00485998	a game in which one child bends down and another leaps over
n00486130	advancing as if in the child's game, by leaping over obstacles or competitors; "the company still believes the chip is a leapfrog in integration and will pay huge dividends"
n00486358	a children's game played with little balls made of a hard substance (as glass)
n00486490	a game in which players throw or flip a jackknife in various ways so that the knife sticks in the ground
n00486670	a child's game in which players march to music around a group of chairs that contains one chair less than the number of players; when the music abruptly stops the players scramble to sit and the player who does not find a chair is eliminated; then a chair is removed and the march resumes until only the winner is seated
n00487072	a game played with young children; you hide your face and suddenly reveal it as you say boo!
n00487228	a child's game of fighting with pillows
n00487326	a children's game in which kisses are exchanged for pretended letters
n00487453	a game in which a player spins a bottle and kisses the person that it points to when it stops spinning
n00487617	a game in which something round (as a plate) is spun on edge and the name of a player is called; the named player must catch the spinning object before it falls or pay a forfeit
n00487874	a game in which one child chases the others; the one who is caught becomes the next chaser
n00488051	a game in which players try to flip plastic disks into a cup by pressing them on the side sharply with a larger disk
n00488225	a game played with playing cards
n00489475	the division of a deck of cards before dealing; "he insisted that we give him the last cut before every deal"; "the cutting of the cards soon became a ritual"
n00489730	card games in which points are won for taking the high or low or jack or game
n00489933	a card game played in casinos in which two or more punters gamble against the banker; the player wins who holds 2 or 3 cards that total closest to nine
n00490155	a card game for two players in which the object is to win all of the other player's cards
n00490350	a gambling game using cards; the object is to hold cards having a higher count than those dealt to the banker up to but not exceeding 21
n00490569	any of various card games based on whist for four players
n00491037	the earliest form of bridge; the dealer could name the trump suit
n00491161	a variety of bridge in which tricks made in excess of the contract are scored toward game; now generally superseded by contract bridge
n00491366	a variety of bridge in which the bidder receives points toward game only for the number of tricks he bid
n00491561	a version of contract bridge in which no suit is designated as trump for the duration of the hand
n00491713	a card game in which cards face up on the table are taken with eligible cards in the hand
n00491901	a card game (usually for two players) in which each player is dealt six cards and discards one or two
n00492083	the cards discarded by players at cribbage
n00492195	a card game for 2 players; played with 32 cards and king high
n00492309	a card game similar to ecarte; each player is dealt 5 cards and the player making trump must take 3 tricks to win a hand
n00492497	a card game in which you play your sevens and other cards in sequence in the same suit as the sevens; you win if you are the first to use all your cards
n00492724	a card game in which players bet against the dealer on the cards he will draw from a dealing box
n00492871	a card game for two players who try to assemble books of cards by asking the opponent for particular cards
n00493031	a gambling card game of Spanish origin; 3 or 4 cards are dealt face up and players bet that one of them will be matched before the others as the cards are dealt from the pack one at a time
n00493308	a gambling card game in which chips are placed on the ace and king and queen and jack of separate suits (taken from a separate deck); a player plays the lowest card of a suit in his hand and successively higher cards are played until the sequence stops; the player who plays a card matching one in the layout wins all the chips on that card
n00493742	a card game similar to whist; usually played for stakes
n00493858	a card game using a pack of cards from which one queen has been removed; players match cards and the player holding the unmatched queen at the end of the game is the loser (or `old maid')
n00494100	a card game played with a pack of forty-eight cards (two of each suit for high cards); play resembles whist
n00494293	a card game for two players using a reduced pack of 32 cards
n00494406	(Yiddish) a card game for two players one of whom is usually a child; the deck is place face down with one card face upward; players draw from the deck alternately hoping to build up or down from the open card; the player with the fewest cards when the deck is exhausted is the winner
n00494768	any of various card games in which players bet that they hold the highest-ranking hand
n00495103	a card game in which two rows of cards are dealt and players can bet on the color of the cards or on which row will have a count nearer some number
n00495331	a card game based on collecting sets and sequences; the winner is the first to meld all their cards
n00495524	a card game played by one person
n00495677	a form of solitaire that involves gambling
n00495774	a form of solitaire that begins with seven piles of cards with the top cards facing up; descending sequences of cards of alternating colors are built on these piles; as aces become available they are placed above the seven piles; the object is to build sequences in suit from ace to king as the remaining cards are dealt out one at a time
n00496167	a card game for four players who form two partnerships; a pack of 52 cards is dealt and each side scores one point for each trick it takes in excess of six
n00496437	a form of whist with three players; four hands are dealt with the hand opposite the dealer being face up
n00496599	a form of whist in which players avoid winning tricks containing hearts or the queen of spades
n00496760	solitaire with two players using separate packs
n00496877	a form of rummy in which a player can go out if the cards remaining in their hand total less than 10 points
n00497060	a form of rummy using two decks of cards and four jokers; jokers and deuces are wild; the object is to form groups of the same rank
n00497321	a form of canasta in which sequences can be melded
n00497425	a form of canasta using three decks of cards and six jokers
n00497536	poker in which a player can discard cards and receive substitutes from the dealer; "he played only draw and stud"
n00497713	poker in which the high and low hands split the pot
n00497819	poker played for small stakes
n00497924	poker in which each player gets 5 cards face down and bets are made without drawing any further cards
n00498086	poker in which a player's losses are paid by removing an article of clothing
n00498220	poker in which each player receives hole cards and the remainder are dealt face up; bets are placed after each card is dealt
n00498427	a form of all fours in which the players bid for the privilege of naming trumps
n00498558	an all-fours game in which the first card led is a trump
n00498700	a form of all fours in which a total of seven points is game
n00498828	a form of casino in which face cards have extra point values
n00498947	a form of casino in which spades have the value of one point
n00499066	a game that is played on a table
n00499263	a game (trademark Ping-Pong) resembling tennis but played on a table with paddles and a light hollow ball
n00499477	any of several games played with small rectangular blocks
n00499599	game in which matchsticks are arranged in rows and players alternately remove one or more of them; in some versions the object is to take the last remaining matchstick on the table and in other versions the object is to avoid taking the last remaining matchstick on the table
n00499924	any of several games played on rectangular cloth-covered table (with cushioned edges) in which long tapering cue sticks are used to propel ivory (or composition) balls
n00500280	the opening shot that scatters the balls in billiards or pool
n00500449	a shot in billiards in which the cue ball contacts one object ball and then the other
n00500669	a shot in billiards made by hitting the cue ball with the cue held nearly vertically; the cue ball spins around another ball before hitting the object ball
n00500927	a faulty shot in billiards; the cue tip slips off the cue ball
n00501080	any of various games played on a pool table having 6 pockets
n00501304	a form of pool played with 15 red balls and six balls of other colors and a cue ball
n00501479	a table game in which short cues are used to knock balls into holes that are guarded by wooden pegs; penalties are incurred if the pegs are knocked over
n00501722	a game suitable for playing in a parlor
n00501870	any game involving the formation or alteration or discovery of words
n00502030	a game whose object is to form words from a group of randomly chosen letters
n00502161	a board game in which words are formed from letters in patterns similar to a crossword puzzle; each letter has a value and those values are used to score the game
n00502415	a game played on a specially designed board
n00502822	a board game for two players; pieces move according to throws of the dice
n00502952	a checkerboard game for two players who each have 12 pieces; the object is to jump over and so capture the opponent's pieces
n00503237	a board game for two players who move their 16 pieces according to specific rules; the object is to checkmate the opponent's king
n00503981	a board game in which each player tries to move a set of marbles through a set of holes from one point of a six-pointed star to the opposite point
n00504209	a game in which small pointed missiles are thrown at a dartboard
n00504325	a board game for two players who place counters on a grid; the object is to surround and so capture the opponent's counters
n00504526	a board game in which players try to move their pieces into their opponent's bases
n00504660	a game in which numbered balls are drawn at random and players cover the corresponding numbers on their cards
n00504844	a lottery in which tickets are drawn from a revolving drum
n00504975	a simple board game in which players move counters according to the throw of dice
n00505126	Chinese game played by 4 people with 144 tiles
n00505238	a board game in which players try to gain a monopoly on real estate as pieces advance around the board according to the throw of a die
n00505446	an ancient board game resembling backgammon; played on a cross-shaped board
n00505615	a modern board game based on pachisi
n00505726	a form of chess played on a board of 81 squares; each player has 20 pieces
n00505871	a game in which coins or discs are slid by hand across a board toward a mark
n00506060	a board game for children who use dice to move counters up ladders and down snakes
n00506207	a game in which two players alternately put crosses and circles in one of the compartments of a square grid of nine spaces; the object is to get a row of three crosses or three circles before the opponent does
n00506554	active interest in gambling on sports events
n00506658	the act of gambling; "he did it on a bet"
n00506919	a single bet on two horse races in the same day
n00507025	a bet that you can pick the first and second finishers in the right order
n00507162	betting where winners share the total amount wagered
n00507271	a series of wagers in which the winnings from one wager are used as a stake for the subsequent wagers
n00507425	a bet that a horse will finish a race no worse than second
n00507539	a bet that you can pick the first four finishers in a race in the right order
n00507673	a game that involves gambling
n00507887	a Chinese gambling game; a random number of counters are placed under a bowl and you gamble on how many will be left (0, 1, 2, or 3 modulo 4)
n00508091	players buy (or are given) chances and prizes are distributed by casting lots
n00508340	a game in which prizes (e.g., candies or coins) are concealed in a container and for a small sum a player can draw one out at random
n00508547	an illegal daily lottery
n00508672	a lottery in which the prizes are goods rather than money
n00508800	a lottery in which the prize consists of the money paid by the participants
n00508952	a gambling game played with two dice; a first throw of 7 or 11 wins and a first throw of 2, 3, or 12 loses and a first throw of any other number must be repeated to win before a 7 is thrown, which loses the bet and the dice
n00509302	playing craps
n00509399	a gambling game in which players bet on which compartment of a revolving wheel a small ball will come to rest in
n00509566	any gambling game in which bets are laid against the gambling house or the dealer
n00509706	a game in which the total of all the gains and losses is zero
n00509846	a boisterous celebration; a merry festivity
n00510050	noisy and mischievous merrymaking
n00510189	unrestrained merrymaking
n00510383	a sexual escapade; an illicit affair
n00510475	a brief indulgence of your impulses
n00510624	a brief period of extravagant spending
n00510723	an occasion for excessive eating or drinking; "they went on a bust that lasted three days"
n00510922	vulgar expression for a bout of heavy drinking
n00511041	revelry in drinking; a merry drinking party
n00511212	a wild gathering involving excessive drinking and promiscuity
n00511555	a festival marked by merrymaking and processions
n00511676	an orgiastic festival in ancient Greece in honor of Dionysus (= Bacchus)
n00511817	gay or light-hearted recreational activity for diversion or amusement; "it was all done in play"; "their frolic in the surf threatened to become ugly"
n00512267	a playful leap or hop
n00512351	(dressage) a vertical jump of a trained horse with a kick of the hind legs at the top of the jump
n00512522	playful behavior intended to arouse sexual interest
n00512843	foolish or senseless behavior
n00513089	frivolous or trifling behavior; "for actors, memorizing lines is no game"; "for him, life is all fun and games"
n00513251	(Yiddish) craziness; senseless behavior or activity
n00513401	acting like a clown or buffoon
n00513597	(Yiddish) a prank or piece of clowning; "his shtik made us laugh"
n00513761	rowdy or boisterous play
n00513841	playful vexation; "the parody was just a form of teasing"
n00513952	playing on words or speech sounds
n00514041	an unkind or aggressive trick
n00514128	a prank or trick played on a person (especially one intended to make the victim appear foolish)
n00514356	a practical joke or trick played on the first day of April
n00514471	a practical joke that involves inserting a match surreptitiously between the sole and upper of the victim's shoe and then lighting it
n00514658	a boisterous practical joke (especially by college students)
n00514787	an elaborate practical joke in which the unsuspecting victim hunts a snipe and is typically left in the dark holding a bag and waiting for the snipe to run into it; "in the South a snipe hunt is practically a rite of passage"
n00515069	a quaint and amusing jest
n00515159	as a joke: trying to make somebody believe something that is not true
n00515297	an agreeable or amusing remark; "they exchange pleasantries"
n00515414	an entertainment that provokes pleased interest and distracts you from worries and vexations
n00515578	entertainment that is intended to be educational
n00515684	any lavishly staged or spectacular entertainment
n00515791	entertainment with military themes in which the Department of Defense is celebrated
n00515952	the entertainment available to people seeking nighttime diversion
n00516086	the public performance of a sacrament or solemn ceremony with all appropriate ritual; "the celebration of marriage"
n00516381	the ancient Panhellenic games held biennially on the Isthmus of Corinth in the first and third years of each Olympiad
n00516559	the ancient Panhellenic games held biennially at Nemea in the second and fourth years of each Olympiad
n00516720	the ancient Panhellenic celebration at Olympia in honor of Zeus; held every 4 years beginning in 776 BC
n00516900	the ancient Panhellenic celebration at Delphi held every four years in the third year of the Olympiad in honor of Apollo
n00517080	an eisteddfod with competitions in music and drama and poetry and the fine arts
n00517231	any of several annual Welsh festivals involving artistic competitions (especially in singing)
n00517418	a cinematic festival that features films (usually films produced during the past year)
n00517564	(in Spanish speaking regions) a local festival or fair, usually in honor of some patron saint
n00517728	an organized series of acts and performances (usually in one place); "a drama festival"
n00518039	a festival that features performances by jazz artists
n00518152	a festival featuring African-American culture; celebrated between Christmas and New Year
n00518303	an autumn festival that involves merrymaking and drinking beer
n00518442	an orgiastic festival in ancient Rome in honor of Saturn
n00518555	a festival held at the time sheep are normally sheared
n00518669	a gay festivity
n00518770	the centennial rites and games of ancient Rome that marked the commencement of a new generation (100 years representing the longest life in a generation); observances may have begun as early as the 5th century BC and lasted well into the Christian era
n00519118	a celebration following a victory in a battle or sports competition
n00519251	noisy and boisterous revelry
n00519333	a traveling show; having sideshows and rides and games of skill etc.
n00519492	a competitive exhibition of dogs
n00519579	a competitive exhibition of horses
n00519669	a street show
n00519739	a performance given by a traveling company of acrobats, clowns, and trained animals; "the children always love to go to the circus"
n00519941	a circus with simultaneous performances in three rings
n00520059	a carnival held in some countries on Shrove Tuesday (the last day before Lent) but especially in New Orleans
n00520257	the act of publicly exhibiting or entertaining; "a remarkable show of skill"
n00520672	a series of acts at a night club
n00520783	any entertainment performed by ice skaters
n00520880	a brief show (music or dance etc) inserted between the sections of a longer performance
n00521085	a visible display; "she made a parade of her sorrows"
n00521209	something shown to the public; "the museum had many exhibits of oriental art"
n00521450	a display of colored lights moving in shifting patterns
n00521562	a show or display; the act of presenting something to sight or view; "the presentation of new data"; "he gave the customer a demonstration"
n00521970	a show of military force or preparedness; "he confused the enemy with feints and demonstrations"
n00522145	the act of exhibiting; "a remarkable exhibition of musicianship"
n00522338	the exposure of falseness or pretensions; "the debunking of religion has been too successful"
n00522537	presentation to view in an open or public manner; "the exposure of his anger was shocking"
n00522736	(law) the act of exhibiting in a court of law; "the appellate court demanded the production of all documents"
n00522939	an exhibition of cowboy skills
n00523078	a show on tour
n00523148	a minor show that is part of a larger one (as at the circus)
n00523263	a spectacular show organized in 1883 by William F. Cody that featured horseback riding and marksmanship on a large scale; toured the United States and Europe
n00523513	an active diversion requiring physical exertion and competition
n00526259	a slow section of a pas de deux requiring great skill and strength by the dancers
n00526412	a form of solo dancing that involves rapid acrobatic moves in which different parts of the body touch the ground; normally performed to the rhythm of rap music
n00526663	a court dance of the 16th century; consisted of short advances and retreats
n00526793	an intricate traditional dance in India performed by professional dancing girls
n00526948	a stately court dance of the 16th and 17th centuries
n00527061	dance movements that are linked in a single choreographic sequence
n00527198	a stately court dance of the 17th and 18th centuries; in slow time
n00527319	a rhythmic dance to reggae music performed by bending forward and extending the hands while bending the knees
n00527498	a form of dancing in which dancers slam into one another; normally performed to punk rock
n00527695	dancing in which the steps are more important than gestures or postures
n00527872	a dance step tapped out audibly with the feet
n00528059	a dance performed on tiptoe
n00528156	tap dancing wearing shoes that have soft soles
n00528298	a solo tap dance emphasizing sharp taps
n00528397	a show involving artistic dancing
n00528667	a theatrical representation of a story that is performed to music by trained dancers
n00529101	(ballet) a solo dance or dance figure
n00529224	(ballet) a dance for two people (usually a ballerina and a danseur noble)
n00529400	(ballet) a dance for three people
n00529511	(ballet) a dance for four people
n00529622	a style of ballet based on precise conventional steps performed with graceful and flowing movements
n00529784	a style of ballet that admits a wider variety of movements
n00529902	a ballet that stresses the drama with features of comedy
n00530018	a style of theatrical dancing that is not as restricted as classical ballet; movements are expressive of feelings
n00530208	a dance performed while wearing shoes with wooden soles; has heavy stamping steps
n00530386	a violent fast dance in French vaudeville (an apache is a member of the French underworld)
n00530554	a Middle Eastern dance in which the dancer makes sensuous movements of the hips and abdomen
n00530755	a Spanish dance in triple time accompanied by guitar and castanets
n00530874	a strutting dance based on a march; was performed in minstrel shows; originated as a competition among Black dancers to win a cake
n00531077	a high-kicking dance of French origin performed by a female chorus line
n00531201	erotic dancing with little or no clothing
n00531355	a solo dance in which large fans are manipulated to suggest or reveal nakedness
n00531490	a form of erotic entertainment in which a dancer gradually undresses to music; "she did a strip right in front of everyone"
n00531745	a solo dance similar to a fan dance except large balloons are used instead of fans
n00531886	a form of modern dance in which the dancer's movements depict an emotion or tell a story
n00532110	dancing as part of a social occasion
n00532441	a jerky American dance that was popular in the 1940s
n00532567	an energetic American dance that was popular in the 1930s (probably named for the aviator Charles Lindbergh)
n00532739	a provocative Spanish courtship dance in triple time; performed by a man and a woman playing castanets
n00532896	a lively dance from Provence; all the dancers join hands and execute various figures
n00533036	a style of dancing characteristic of the Andalusian Gypsies; vigorous and rhythmic with clapping and stamping of feet
n00533224	an old formal French dance in quadruple time
n00533322	a Cuban dance in duple time
n00533404	a lively dance step consisting of hopping on each foot in turn
n00533535	lively dancing (usually to ragtime music) with much shaking of the shoulders and hips
n00533691	a dance involving a rhythmical stamping step
n00533805	a lively whirling Italian dance for two persons
n00533922	a sequence of foot movements that make up a particular dance; "he taught them the waltz step"
n00534152	(ballet) quick gliding steps with one foot always leading
n00534344	(ballet) a gliding or sliding step in ballet
n00534480	(ballet) the outward rotation of a dancer's leg from the hip
n00534631	social dancing in which couples vigorously twist their hips and arms in time to the music; was popular in the 1960s; "they liked to dance the twist"
n00534849	any of a variety of social dances performed by couples in a ballroom
n00535321	a ballroom dance that originated in the French West Indies; similar to the rumba
n00535455	a lively ballroom dance that resembles the samba
n00535557	a modern ballroom dance from Latin America; small steps and swaying movements of the hips
n00535732	an early ballroom dance; precursor to the fox-trot
n00535873	an early ragtime one-step
n00535956	a ballroom dance in quadruple time; combines short and long and fast and slow steps fixed sequences
n00536120	a ballroom dance in duple meter; marked by sliding steps
n00536249	a syncopated ballroom dance formerly popular in the US
n00536359	an American ballroom dance in syncopated rhythm; popular early in the 20th century
n00536516	a Latin American dance of 3 steps and a kick by people in single file
n00536655	a lively dance originating in France in the 18th century
n00536778	a stately court dance in the 17th century
n00536872	a ballroom dance in fast duple time
n00536964	a ballroom dance with both quick and slow steps
n00537085	a ballroom dance based on the Cuban folk dance
n00537192	a lively ballroom dance from Brazil
n00537297	a ballroom dance characterized by revolving movement
n00537423	a ballroom dance of Latin-American origin
n00537534	a ballroom dance in triple time with a strong accent on the first beat
n00537682	a style of dancing that originated among ordinary people (not in the royal courts)
n00538052	a Polish national dance in triple time
n00538144	a Bohemian dance with 3 steps and a hop in fast time
n00538266	a German round dance resembling a slow polka
n00538368	any of various English folk dances performed by dancers in costume
n00538510	any of various dances by men who step nimbly over swords or flourish them in the air
n00538668	a Latin American dance similar in rhythm to the rumba
n00538791	a vigorous Scottish reel
n00538876	a British solo dance performed by sailors
n00538991	any of various old rustic dances involving kicking and leaping
n00539121	a type of folk dance in which couples are arranged in sets or face one another in a line
n00539510	country dancing performed with couples in two long lines facing each other
n00539674	an American country dance which starts with the couples facing each other in two lines
n00539827	a folk dance; dancers form a circle
n00539951	American country dancing in which couples form squares
n00540211	a lively dance of Scottish Highlanders; marked by circular moves and gliding steps
n00540396	a Scottish reel for eight dancers
n00540485	a square dance of 5 or more figures for 4 or more couples
n00540616	a quadrille for 8 or 16 couples
n00540701	a square-dance figure; two dancers approach each other and circle back to back before returning to their original places
n00540895	a square dance figure; couples march counterclockwise in a circle
n00541035	a square dance figure; partners circle each other taking sideways steps
n00541178	a square dance figure; a pair of dancers join hands and dance around a point between them
n00541338	a moderately slow Austrian country dance in triple time; involves spinning and clapping
n00541479	a dance that is part of a religious ritual
n00541779	a folk dance in duple time that originated in Cuba with Spanish and African elements; features complex footwork and violent movement
n00541972	a ritual dance of the Apache
n00542065	a rain dance of Amerindians
n00542149	a medieval dance in which a skeleton representing death leads a procession of others to the grave
n00542323	a religious dance of Native Americans looking for communication with the dead
n00542458	a Polynesian rain dance performed by a woman
n00542584	an ancient Greek dance imitating the motions of warfare
n00542711	a ritual dance intended to bring rain
n00542841	a ceremonial dance (as by the Hopi) in which snakes are handled or invoked
n00542992	a ceremonial dance performed by Amerindians at the summer solstice
n00543114	a ceremonial dance performed before a battle or after a victory
n00543233	musical activity (singing or whistling etc.); "his music was his central interest"
n00544441	playing a set of bells that are (usually) hung in a tower
n00544605	ringing tuned bells in a fixed order that is continually changing
n00544731	music produced by playing a musical instrument
n00544842	the production of musical tones (by voice or instrument); especially the exactitude of the pitch relations
n00545059	the act of playing a percussion instrument
n00545194	the act of playing drums; "he practiced his drumming several hours every day"
n00545344	music that is vocalized (as contrasted with instrumental music)
n00545501	the act of singing vocal music
n00546070	singing without instrumental accompaniment
n00546216	a style of operatic singing
n00546299	singing with florid ornamentation
n00546389	the act of singing; "with a shout and a song they marched up to the gates"
n00546613	a joyful song (usually celebrating the birth of Christ)
n00546738	the act of singing a quiet song to lull a child to sleep
n00546861	singing joyful religious songs (especially at Christmas)
n00546972	the act of singing popular songs in a sentimental manner
n00547101	singing in a soft low tone; "her crooning soon put the child to sleep"
n00547244	singing jazz; the singer substitutes nonsense syllables for the words of the song and tries to sound like a musical instrument
n00547454	the act of whistling a tune; "his cheerful whistling indicated that he enjoyed his work"
n00547616	a stroke or blow; "the signal was two beats on the steam pipe"
n00547765	a stroke with a curved piece of wood with taut horsehair strands that is used in playing stringed instruments
n00547960	a downward stroke from the heel to the tip of the bow
n00548068	an upward stroke from the tip to the heel of the bow
n00548173	the performance of a religious or ceremonial or public duty
n00548326	the performance of a part or role in a drama
n00548802	acting the part of a character on stage; dramatically representing the character by speech and action and gesture
n00549106	an impressionistic portrayal of a person; "he did a funny impression of a politician"
n00549284	imitating the mannerisms of another person
n00549472	the act of mimicking; imitative behavior
n00549610	humorous or satirical mimicry
n00549766	an acting technique introduced by Stanislavsky in which the actor recalls emotions or reactions from his or her own life and uses them to identify with the character being portrayed
n00550016	a performance using gestures and body movements without words
n00550242	an abbreviation of pantomime
n00550341	incidental activity performed by an actor for dramatic effect; "his business with the cane was hilarious"
n00550545	(Yiddish) a contrived and often used bit of business that a performer uses to steal attention; "play it straight with no shtik"
n00550771	the act of presenting a play or a piece of music or other entertainment; "we congratulated him on his performance at the rehearsal"; "an inspired performance of Mozart's C minor concerto"
n00551215	a performance (or series of performances) at a public presentation; "the program lasted more than two hours"
n00551407	the entertainment offered at a public presentation
n00551508	a short theatrical episode
n00551585	poor acting by a ham actor
n00551714	ostentatious or vainglorious or extravagant or melodramatic conduct; "heroics are for those epic films they make in Hollywood"
n00551913	performing a role in an event that occurred at an earlier time; "the reenactment of the battle of Princeton"
n00552097	acting a particular role (as in psychotherapy)
n00552219	a trick performed with playing cards
n00552312	manual dexterity in the execution of tricks
n00552436	general activity and motion
n00552568	a confused disturbance far greater than its cause merits
n00552679	a frenetic disorganized (and often comic) disturbance suggestive of a large public entertainment; "it was so funny it was a circus"; "the whole occasion had a carnival atmosphere"
n00552922	the disturbance of a systematic arrangement causing disorder and confusion; "the disorganization of the enemy troops by a flank attack"
n00553173	the act of causing disorder
n00553362	the act of disrupting an established order so it fails to continue; "the social dislocations resulting from government policies"; "his warning came after the breakdown of talks in London"
n00553655	the act of surprising someone
n00553823	the act of making a noisy disturbance
n00553995	a sudden outburst (as of protest)
n00554107	violent and needless disturbance
n00554200	a noisy riotous fight
n00554300	disturbance usually in protest
n00554433	a sudden violent disturbance
n00554541	violently angry and destructive behavior
n00554726	an outrageous rampage usually involving sexual attacks by men on women
n00554850	the act of disturbing the mind or body; "his carelessness could have caused an ecological upset"; "she was unprepared for this sudden overthrow of their normal way of living"
n00555138	a rapid active commotion
n00555325	a sudden flurry of activity (often for no obvious reason); "a burst of applause"; "a fit of housecleaning"
n00555525	repeated bursts of activity; "they worked in fits and starts"
n00555648	the act of moving hurriedly and in a careless manner; "in his haste to leave he forgot his book"
n00555983	the act of moving with great haste; "he made a dash for the door"
n00556142	rushing about hastily in an undignified way
n00556313	a deliberate coordinated movement requiring dexterity and skill; "he made a great maneuver"; "the runner was out on a play by the shortstop"
n00556834	the act of taking the ball or puck away from the team on the offense (as by the interception of a pass)
n00556992	a predetermined set of movements in dancing or skating; "she made the best score on compulsory figures"
n00557184	a skating figure that carves an 8 in the ice
n00557287	a skating figure executed with the skates heel to heel in a straight line
n00557419	(American football) a successful forward pass in football
n00557588	a preset plan of action in team sports; "the coach drew up the plays for her team"
n00557865	a skillful maneuver in catching balls or in stealing the ball from the opposing team
n00558008	(sports) the act of enabling another player to make a good play
n00558181	(ice hockey) the act of shooting the puck from within your own defensive area the length of the rink beyond the opponent's goal
n00558396	(ice hockey) a play in which one team has a numerical advantage over the other as a result of penalties; "the team was unable to capitalize on the power play"
n00558630	(American football) a play by the offensive team
n00558883	(American football) a play in which a player attempts to carry the ball through or past the opposing team; "the defensive line braced to stop the run"; "the coach put great emphasis on running"
n00559329	(American football) the quarterback moves back as if to pass and then hands the ball to the fullback who is running toward the line of scrimmage
n00559555	(American football) an attempt to advance the ball by running around the end of the line
n00559724	(American football) the act of running back the ball after a kickoff or punt or interception or fumble
n00559916	(American football) a running play in which a back running in one direction hands the ball to a back running in the opposite direction
n00560141	(American football) a running play in which a first reverse is followed by a second reverse
n00560293	(American football) an attempt to advance the ball by running into the line; "the linebackers were ready to stop a rush"
n00560529	(American football) a play that involves one player throwing the ball to a teammate; "the coach sent in a passing play on third and long"
n00560866	a play in which there is a concentration of players in one location on the field of play; "they used a power play to return the kickoff"
n00561078	(American football) a play in which one player hands the ball to a teammate
n00561226	a pass to a receiver downfield from the passer
n00561376	a short forward pass to a back who is running toward the sidelines; "he threw a flare to the fullback who was tackled for a loss"
n00561570	a short forward pass in which the receiver is protected by a screen of blockers
n00561707	a pass to a receiver upfield from the passer
n00561820	a pass to a designated spot on the field; the receiver should arrive at that spot the same time the ball does
n00561985	(American football) grasping an opposing player with the intention of stopping by throwing to the ground
n00562179	the performance of a juggler
n00562280	getting in someone's way
n00562398	the act of obstructing or deflecting someone's movements
n00562643	(American football) blocking a player's path with your body; "he ran interference for the quarterback"
n00562823	(American football) an illegal block
n00562935	obstructing an opponent in ice hockey
n00563097	an illegal check (chopping at an opponent's arms or stick)
n00563212	knocking the puck away by jabbing at it with the hockey stick
n00563330	any exciting and complex play intended to confuse (dazzle) the opponent
n00563494	a play executed by a basketball team
n00563665	a basketball maneuver; obstructing an opponent with one's body; "he was called for setting an illegal pick"
n00563823	a basketball maneuver; two defensive players shift assignments so that each guards the player usually guarded by the other
n00563998	a basketball maneuver; one offensive player passes the ball to another, then runs toward the basket to take a return pass
n00564177	(baseball) a play executed by a baseball team
n00564373	the act of getting two players out on one play
n00564477	the act of getting three players out on one play
n00564583	a baseball play in which a base runner is caught off base and tagged out
n00564710	a baseball play in which a runner on third base tries to score as the batter bunts the pitch
n00564897	the runner on third base starts home as the pitcher delivers the ball
n00565051	the runner on third base waits to start home until the batter has bunted successfully
n00565219	the manner of using the feet
n00565302	(sports) the act of swinging or striking at a ball with a club or racket or bat or cue or hand; "it took two strokes to get out of the bunker"; "a good shot requires good balance and tempo"; "he left me an almost impossible shot"
n00565809	(sports) a stroke that puts reverse spin on the ball; "cuts do not bother a good tennis player"
n00566040	a sweeping stroke or blow
n00566135	the act of hitting a tennis ball with a tennis racket
n00566298	a tennis stroke that sends the ball back to the other player; "he won the point on a cross-court return"
n00566690	a return made with the back of the hand facing the direction of the stroke
n00566889	a tennis return made with a downward motion that puts backspin on the ball
n00567044	(sports) a hard straight return (as in tennis or squash)
n00567280	a soft return so that the tennis ball drops abruptly after crossing the net
n00567418	(sports) a return made with the palm of the hand facing the direction of the stroke (as in tennis or badminton or squash)
n00567685	(sports) hard straight return made on the forehand side (as in tennis or badminton or squash)
n00567896	a return on a shot that seemed impossible to reach and would normally have resulted in a point for the opponent
n00568057	a hard straight return made on the backhand side
n00568166	a backhand shot made holding the racquet in both hands
n00568286	a tennis return made by hitting the ball after it has bounced once
n00568430	(sports) a stroke that puts the ball in play; "his powerful serves won the game"
n00568701	a serve that the receiver is unable to reach
n00568813	(sports) a serve that is illegal (e.g., that lands outside the prescribed area); "he served too many double faults"
n00569073	a serve that strikes the net before falling into the receiver's court; the ball must be served again
n00569234	a tennis return made by hitting the ball immediately after it bounces
n00569361	an easy return of a tennis ball in a high arc
n00569474	a hard return hitting the tennis ball above your head
n00569608	a tennis return that passes an opponent who has approached the net
n00569733	a tennis return made by hitting the ball before it bounces
n00569898	any one of the repeated movements of the limbs and body used for locomotion in swimming or rowing
n00570066	a method of moving the arms and legs to push against the water and propel the swimmer forward
n00570366	a swimming stroke; arms are moved alternately overhead accompanied by a flutter kick
n00570572	an elementary swimming stroke imitating a swimming dog
n00570683	a swimming stroke in which the arms move forward and backward while the legs do a scissors kick
n00570854	a swimming stroke in which the arms are thrown forward together out of the water while the feet kick up and down
n00571060	a swimming stroke; the arms are extended together in front of the head and swept back on either side accompanied by a frog kick
n00571283	a swimming stroke that resembles the crawl except the swimmer lies on his or her back
n00571444	in baseball; a batter's attempt to hit a pitched ball; "he took a vicious cut at the ball"
n00571609	the act of swinging a golf club at a golf ball and (usually) hitting it
n00571956	a swing downward of a golf club
n00572043	a golf shot that curves to the right for a right-handed golfer; "he took lessons to cure his slicing"
n00572285	a golf shot that curves to the left for a right-handed golfer; "he took lessons to cure his hooking"
n00572489	hitting a golf ball off of a tee with a driver; "he sliced his drive out of bounds"
n00572706	a golf shot from a bunker that typically moves sand as well as the golf ball
n00572838	hitting a golf ball that is on the green using a putter; "his putting let him down today; he didn't sink a single putt over three feet"
n00573106	a form of golf in which you putt from positions arranged on the circumference of a circle around the hole
n00573268	a relatively short golf shot intended to put the ball onto the putting green; "he lost the hole when his approach rolled over the green"
n00573530	(golf) a low running approach shot
n00573664	a high approach shot in golf
n00573775	a poor golf stroke in which the club head hits the ground before hitting the ball
n00573945	a poor golf stroke in which the heel of the club hits the ball
n00574077	the act of hitting a golf ball from the teeing ground at the start of each hole
n00574227	a movement of the legs in swimming
n00574430	a swimming kick; the legs are moved rapidly up and down without bending the knees
n00574608	a swimming kick; knees are drawn upward and outward so the legs can be brought together when fully extended
n00574790	a swimming kick; an up and down kick of the feet together
n00574925	a kick used in the sidestroke; legs are brought together in a scissoring motion
n00575083	a swimming kick used while treading water
n00575214	a stroke that keeps the head above water by thrashing the legs and arms
n00575365	any undertaking that is easy to do; "marketing this product will be no picnic"
n00575657	an easy task
n00575741	activity directed toward making or doing something; "she checked several points needing further work"
n00576451	the most important or interesting work or activity in a specific area or field; "the action is no longer in technology stocks but in municipal bonds"; "gawkers always try to get as close to the action as possible"
n00576717	a damaging piece of work; "dry rot did the job of destroying the barn"; "the barber did a real job on my hair"
n00576877	the performance of a piece of work; "she did an outstanding job as Ophelia"; "he gave it up as a bad job"
n00577068	a process or series of acts especially of a practical or mechanical nature involved in a particular form of work; "the operations in building a house"; "certain machine tool operations"
n00577357	performance of moral or religious acts; "salvation by deeds"; "the reward for good works"
n00577525	work done by one person or group that benefits another; "budget separately for goods and services"
n00577749	service provided by a professional advisor (e.g., a lawyer or doctor or CPA etc.)
n00577931	a consulting service in which a CPA develops findings and conclusions and recommendations that are presented to the client for consideration and decision making
n00578154	a consulting service in which a CPA expresses a conclusion about the reliability of a written statement that is the responsibility of someone else
n00578405	an attestation that the client's financial statement is accurate
n00578549	a service that an organization or a piece of equipment offers you; "a cell phone with internet facility"
n00578708	washing clothes and bed linens
n00578795	the work of making something smooth and shiny by rubbing or waxing it; "the shining of shoes provided a meager living"; "every Sunday he gave his car a good polishing"
n00579082	the act of shining shoes; "he charged a dollar for a shoeshine"
n00579201	compulsory service in the military during peacetime
n00579334	the service (electric power or water or transportation) provided by a public utility; "the cost of utilities never decreases"; "all the utilities were lost after the hurricane"
n00579564	(law) the acts performed by an English feudal tenant for the benefit of his lord which formed the consideration for the property granted to him
n00579834	land tenure by agricultural service or payment of rent; not burdened with military service
n00579977	land tenure by service in the lord's army
n00580081	land tenure by service to the lord as a knight
n00580190	difficult work; "the boss hoped the plan would succeed but he wasn't willing to do the heavy lifting"
n00580370	the act of cleaning the rooms and furnishings of a house; "efficient housecleaning should proceed one room at a time"
n00580565	(figurative) the act of reforming by the removal of unwanted personnel or practices or conditions; "more housecleaning is in store at other accounting firms"; "many employees were discharged in a general housecleaning by the new owners"
n00580880	the work of a housewife
n00580961	the work of cleaning and running a house
n00581090	the work of using heat to smooth washed clothes in order to remove any wrinkles
n00581241	work that a person is expected to do in a specified time
n00581382	the number of cases handled in a given period of time (as by a court or agency)
n00581517	work paid for according to the quantity produced
n00581621	active work of little value; "while he was waiting he filled the days with busywork"
n00581772	the work of cutting down trees for timber
n00581885	work that is left incomplete
n00581991	work to be done at night
n00582071	work that involves handling papers: forms or letters or reports etc.
n00582195	an organized activity to improve the condition of disadvantaged people in society
n00582388	the principal activity in your life that you do to earn money; "he's not in my line of business"
n00582868	any activity that occupies a person's attention; "he missed the bell in his occupation with the computer game"
n00583089	your occupation or line of work; "he's in the plumbing game"; "she's in show biz"
n00583246	the particular occupation for which you are trained
n00583461	the special line of work you have adopted as your career; "his specialization is gastroenterology"
n00583747	the act of specializing; making something suitable for a special purpose
n00583933	the act of making something spiritual; infusing it with spiritual content
n00584160	the principal work of your career
n00584248	careers in general; "it happens in all walks of life"
n00584367	the occupation for which you are paid; "he is looking for employment"; "a lot of people are out of work"
n00584769	the responsibility to do something; "it is their job to print the truth"
n00584891	employment in or work for another; "he retired after 30 years of service"
n00585018	employment at home while communicating with the workplace by phone or fax or modem
n00585174	performance of duties or provision of space and equipment helpful to others; "the mayor tried to maintain city services"; "the medical services are excellent"
n00585406	something designed and created to serve a particular function and to afford a particular convenience or service; "catering facilities"; "toilet facilities"; "educational facilities"
n00585660	employment within a government system (especially in the civil service)
n00585810	the job of a head of a government department
n00585964	the job of a senior minister who is a member of the cabinet
n00586105	the job to which you are (or hope to be) appointed; "he applied for an appointment in the treasury"
n00586262	a job in an organization; "he occupied a post in the treasury"
n00588473	the position of member of an honorary academy
n00588598	the position of accountant
n00588703	the office of admiral
n00588780	the post of ambassador
n00588881	the position of apostle
n00588998	the position of apprentice
n00589103	the position of associate (as in an office or academy)
n00589217	the position of attorney
n00589318	the office of bailiff
n00589415	the state of a baronet
n00589494	the office and dignity of a bishop
n00589596	the position of cadet
n00589691	the office of a caliph
n00589769	the post of captain
n00589948	the office of cardinal
n00590047	the position of chairman
n00590148	the office of chancellor
n00590269	the position of chaplain
n00590383	the position of chieftain
n00590518	the job of clerk
n00590626	the position or office of commander
n00590806	the position of comptroller
n00590913	the post of consul
n00591006	the position of controller
n00591111	the position of council member
n00591236	the position of counselor
n00591446	the position of a curate
n00591523	the position of curator
n00591622	the position of custodian
n00591725	the position or office of a dean
n00591858	the position of a director of a business concern
n00592001	the position of disciple
n00592102	the position of editor
n00592199	the office of elder
n00592292	the office of an emir
n00592367	the status of a father
n00592446	the status of a religious leader
n00592535	the position of foreman
n00592652	the office and authority of a general
n00592795	the office of governor
n00592894	the position of headmaster
n00592999	the position of headmistress
n00593108	the position of head
n00593219	the position of headmaster or headmistress
n00593389	a difficult position where you are subjected to stress and criticism
n00593512	the office of an incumbent
n00593613	the office of inspector
n00593732	the position of instructor
n00593837	the position of a medical intern
n00593944	the position of judge
n00594070	the position of a khan
n00594146	the post of lecturer
n00594260	the post or office of legate
n00594374	the office of legislator
n00594477	the position of librarian
n00594580	the position of a lieutenant
n00594738	the position of magistrate
n00594836	the position of manager
n00594953	the status of being a man
n00595032	the post of marshall
n00595146	the position of master
n00595333	the position of mayor
n00595410	the position of messiah
n00595545	the position of moderator
n00595684	the position of overlord
n00595785	the position of pastor
n00595894	the state of being a peasant; "the same homely dress she wore in the days of her peasanthood"
n00596081	a highly desirable position or assignment; "a political plum"
n00596193	the office of praetor
n00596290	the position of precentor
n00596393	the position of preceptor
n00596496	the office of prefect
n00596592	the office or station of a prelate
n00596692	the office of premier
n00596807	the office and function of president; "Andrew Jackson expanded the power of the presidency beyond what was customary before his time"
n00597265	the office of the United States head of state; "a President is elected every four years"
n00597532	the office of primate
n00597629	the post of principal
n00597728	the office of prior
n00597821	the position of proconsul
n00597957	the position of proctor
n00598056	the position of professor; "he was awarded an endowed chair in economics"
n00598215	the position of protector
n00598318	a position concerning the people as a whole
n00598439	a public office of sufficiently high rank that it provides the holder with an opportunity to speak out and be listened to on any matter; "the American presidency is a bully pulpit"
n00598678	the office or function of a rabbi
n00598767	the office of a receiver
n00598868	the office or station of a rector
n00598970	the office of a regent
n00599064	the position of physician who is receiving special training in a hospital (usually after completing an internship)
n00599234	the position of ruler
n00599329	the status and dignity of a saint
n00599472	the position of secretary
n00599917	the position of the head of the Justice Department and the chief law enforcement officer of the United States; "the post of Attorney General was created in 1789"
n00600200	the position of the head of the Department of Agriculture; "the post of Secretary of Agriculture was established in 1889"
n00600435	the position of the head of the Department of Commerce; "the position of Commerce Secretary was created in 1913"
n00600655	the position of the head of the Department of Defense; "the position of Defense Secretary was created in 1947"
n00600871	the position of the head of the Education Department; "the post of Education Secretary was created in 1979"
n00601088	the position of the head of the Department of Energy; "the post of Energy Secretary was created in 1977"
n00601296	the position of the head of the Department of Health and Human Services; "the post of Secretary of Health and Human Services was created by Congress in 1979"
n00601557	the position of the head of the Department of Housing and Urban Development; "the position of Secretary of Housing and Urban Development was created in 1966"
n00601822	the position of the head of the Department of Labor; "the post of Labor Secretary was created in 1913"
n00602026	the position of the head of the State Department; "the position of Secretary of State was established in 1789"
n00602220	the position of the head of the Department of the Interior; "the position of Interior Secretary was created in 1849"
n00602448	the position of the head of the Treasury Department; "the position of Treasury Secretary was created in 1789"
n00602669	the position of the head of the Department of Transportation; "the post of Transportation Secretary was created in 1966"
n00602909	the position of the head of the Department of Veterans Affairs; "the post of Secretary of Veterans Affairs was created in 1989"
n00603131	head of a former executive department; combined with the Navy Secretary to form the Defense Secretary in 1947
n00603319	head of a former executive department; combined with the War Secretary to form the Defense Secretary in 1947
n00603512	head of a former executive department created in 1903 and divided into two departments in 1913
n00603684	head of a former executive department created in 1953 and divided into two departments in 1979
n00603866	the position and authority of a feudal lord
n00603995	the measurement of tremors and shocks and undulatory movements of earthquakes
n00604131	the office of senator
n00604228	an office that involves minimal duties
n00604321	the position of solicitor
n00604424	the position of Speaker
n00604523	the position of steward
n00604694	the position of student
n00604811	the position of teacher
n00604910	the position of thane
n00605023	the position and power of an exalted person (a sovereign or bishop) who is entitled to sit in a chair of state on ceremonial occasions
n00605246	the position of treasurer
n00605349	the position of tribune
n00605430	the position of trustee
n00605511	the office and function of a vice president
n00605616	the position of viceroy
n00605715	the position of vizier
n00605812	the position of warden
n00605909	the position of warder
n00606006	the status of a woman
n00606119	a job involving drudgery and confinement
n00606227	a career in industrial or commercial or professional activities
n00606370	the skilled practice of a practical occupation; "he learned his trade as an apprentice"
n00607075	the craft of building and repairing airplanes
n00607185	the craft of building and repairing automobiles
n00607293	the craft of basket making
n00607374	the craft of binding books
n00607458	the craft of laying bricks
n00607542	the craft of making furniture (especially furniture of high quality)
n00607775	the craft of a carpenter: making things out of wood
n00608037	the craft of drawing blueprints
n00608162	the craft of making dresses
n00608265	the craft of an electrician
n00608354	the trade of planning the layout and furnishings of an architectural interior
n00608551	the act of decorating a house or room
n00608645	the craft of providing artificial light; "an interior decorator must understand lighting"
n00608789	the trade of cutting or preparing or selling timber
n00608896	the craft of a mason
n00609159	the craft of an oculist
n00609236	the occupation of a house painter; "house painting was the only craft he knew"
n00609423	the craft of making paper
n00609506	the occupation of a pilot
n00609669	the occupation of a plumber (installing and repairing pipes and fixtures for water or gas or sewage in a building)
n00609868	the craft of making earthenware
n00609953	an occupation requiring special education (especially in the liberal arts or sciences)
n00610222	an occupation for which you are especially well suited; "in law he found his true metier"
n00610373	one of the three professions traditionally believed to require advanced learning and high principles
n00610592	the profession or art of a writer; "her place in literature is secure"
n00610738	the profession of designing buildings and environments with consideration for their esthetic effect
n00611143	the learned profession that is mastered by graduate study in a law school and that is responsible for the judicial system; "he studied law at Yale"
n00611433	the profession of teaching (especially at a school or college or university)
n00611674	the profession of reporting or photographing or editing news stories for one of the media
n00611874	journalism practiced for the newspapers
n00611972	the profession devoted to governing and to political affairs
n00612160	the learned profession that is mastered by graduate training in a medical school and that is devoted to preventing or alleviating or curing diseases and injuries; "he studied medicine at Harvard"
n00613282	the branch of medicine concerned with preventing disease; "the medical establishment doesn't profit from preventive medicine"
n00613473	the practice of medicine without the use of drugs; may involve herbal medicines or self-awareness or biofeedback or acupuncture
n00613685	the use of medicinal herbs to prevent or treat disease or promote health
n00613819	the practice of medicine that combines traditional medicine with alternative medicine
n00613973	the learned profession acquired by specialized courses in religion (usually taught at a college or seminary); "he studied theology at Oxford"
n00614224	the activity of putting something in written form; "she did the thinking while he did the writing"
n00614489	act of writing in code or cipher
n00614730	the activity of writing by hand; "handwriting can be slow and painful for one with arthritis"
n00615011	the activity of inscribing (especially carving or engraving) letters or words
n00615182	the activity of representing something by a special system of marks or characters
n00615336	the activity of superscribing
n00615462	the act or art of writing in shorthand; "stenography is no longer a marketable skill"
n00615659	the act of signing your name; writing your signature (as on a document); "the deed was attested by the subscription of his signature"
n00615887	the activity of converting data or information into code
n00616083	encoding information while reducing the bandwidth or bits required
n00616279	the compression of graphics for storage or transmission
n00616398	a set of standards adopted by the moving pictures experts group for the compression of digital video and audio data or a file of data compressed according to those standards
n00616641	restoring compressed information to its normal form for use or display
n00616807	(computer science) the encryption of data for security purposes
n00616951	converting from one code to another
n00617059	the activity of making clear or converting from code into plain text; "a secret key or password is required for decryption"
n00617337	a method of surveying; the area is divided into triangles and the length of one side and its angles with the other two are measured, then the lengths of the other sides can be calculated
n00617601	the craft of a joiner
n00617692	the craft of making fireworks
n00617865	the shoemaker's trade
n00617989	the craft of a roofer
n00618119	the craft of doing sheet metal work (as in ventilation systems)
n00618264	the laying on of shingles; "shingling is a craft very different from carpentry"
n00618436	the occupation of a tailor
n00618536	the craft of making special tools and dies
n00618642	high fashion designing and dressmaking
n00618734	the occupation of maintaining and auditing records and preparing financial reports for a business
n00619011	keeping account of the costs of items in production
n00619142	cost accounting
n00619230	the activity of recording business transactions
n00619419	a simple bookkeeping system; transactions are entered in only one account
n00619578	bookkeeper debits the transaction to one account and credits it to another
n00619738	accounting that controls and evaluates inventory
n00619889	supervision of the supply and storage and accessibility of items in order to insure an adequate supply without excessive oversupply
n00620084	inventory accounting in which the oldest items (those first acquired) are assumed to be the first sold
n00620258	inventory accounting in which the most recently acquired items are assumed to be the first sold
n00620424	the business of a butcher
n00620554	the occupation of taking and printing photographs or making movies
n00620752	productive work (especially physical work done for wages); "his labor did not require a great deal of skill"
n00621198	confrontational activities intended to break up a strike by workers
n00621326	unpaid labor (as for the maintenance of roads) required by a lord of his vassals in lieu of taxes
n00621476	hard monotonous routine work
n00621627	use of physical or mental energy; hard work; "he got an A for effort"; "they managed only with great exertion"
n00622068	strenuous effort; "the struggle to get through the crowd exhausted her"
n00622266	the act of engaging in close hand-to-hand combat; "they had a fierce wrestle"; "we watched his grappling and wrestling with the bully"
n00622584	the work of finding and killing or capturing animals for food or pelts
n00622859	professional work done according to formula
n00622957	cutting grass and curing it to make hay
n00623052	taking full advantage of an opportunity while it lasts
n00623162	labor done with the hands
n00623370	the act of working too much or too long; "he became ill from overwork"
n00623545	work done under harsh conditions for little or no pay
n00623670	working as a substitute for someone who is ill or on leave of absence
n00623862	an effort that is inconvenient; "I went to a lot of trouble"; "he won without any trouble"; "had difficulty walking"; "finished the test only with great difficulty"
n00624147	something difficult or awkward to do or deal with; "it will be the devil to solve"
n00624285	(Yiddish) aggravating trouble; "the frustrating tsuris he subjected himself to"
n00624436	the least effortful way to do something
n00624553	an intense or violent exertion
n00624738	the activity of exerting your muscles in various ways to keep fit; "the doctor recommended regular exercise"; "he did some exercising"; "the physical exertion required by his work kept him fit"
n00625427	a sustained effort; "it was a long pull but we made it"
n00625551	exercise that conditions the body; "farm work can be a good conditioner"
n00625699	several exercises intended to be done in series; "he did four sets of the incline bench press"
n00625858	exercise that increases the need for oxygen
n00625993	exercise that builds muscles through tension
n00626188	bodybuilding by exercise that involves lifting weights
n00626423	raising a weight from shoulder height to above the head by straightening the arms
n00626574	a weightlift in which you lie on your back on a bench and press weights upward
n00626728	a bench press performed on an inclined bench
n00626838	a weightlift in which the barbell is lifted to shoulder height and then jerked overhead
n00627013	a weightlift in which the barbell is lifted to shoulder height and then smoothly lifted overhead
n00627196	a weightlift in which the barbell is lifted overhead in one rapid motion
n00627321	bodybuilding that increases muscle mass and body weight
n00627437	light exercises designed to promote general fitness; "several different calisthenics were illustrated in the video"
n00627664	the practice of calisthenic exercises; "calisthenics is recommended for general good health"
n00627849	muscle-building exercises (or a system of musclebuilding exercises) involving muscular contractions against resistance without movement (the muscles contracts but the length of the muscle does not change)
n00628131	exercise in which opposing muscles contract and there is controlled movement (tension is constant while the lengths of the muscles change); "the classic isotonic exercise is lifting free weights"
n00628390	running at a jog trot as a form of cardiopulmonary exercise
n00628539	exercises for women designed to improve the ability to hold urine
n00628692	exercise designed to extend the limbs and muscles to their full extent
n00628883	yawning and stretching (as when first waking up)
n00629009	a form of cardiopulmonary exercise consisting of rapid walking accompanied by vigorous swinging of the arms
n00629176	exercise designed to strengthen the arm muscles
n00629318	an arm exercise performed lying face to the floor and pushing the body up and down with the arms
n00629496	a pushup with the arms widely separated
n00629597	an arm exercise performed by pulling yourself up on a horizontal bar until your chin is level with the bar
n00629803	exercise designed to strengthen the back muscles
n00629911	exercise designed to strengthen the leg muscles
n00630071	exercising by repeatedly assuming a crouching position with the knees bent; strengthens the leg muscles
n00630268	an exercise designed to strengthen the flexor muscles of the leg
n00630401	an exercise designed to strengthen the extensor muscles of the leg
n00630526	exercise designed to strengthen the neck muscles
n00630634	an exercise designed to strengthen the abdominal muscles
n00630786	a stomach exercise in which a person sits up from a supine position without using the arms for leverage
n00630960	a system of exercises practiced as part of the Hindu discipline to promote control of the body and mind
n00631168	yogic exercises (popular in the West) that combine difficult postures (which force the mind to withdraw from the outside world) with controlled breathing
n00631378	the exercise of a profession; "the practice of the law"; "I took over his practice when he retired"
n00631712	the practice of giving expert advice within a particular field; "a business management consultancy"
n00631887	the practice of beautifying the face and hair and skin
n00632017	the practice of dentistry
n00632104	the practice of law
n00632201	the practice of medicine
n00632342	medical practice that provides health care regardless of age or sex while placing emphasis on the family unit
n00632531	(medicine) the practice of medicine by a group of physicians who share their premises and other resources
n00632716	the practice of an optometrist
n00632820	the practice of a profession independently and not as an employee; "he teaches at the medical school but his fortune came from private practice"; "lawyers in private practice are in business and must make a profit to survive"
n00633108	medical practice and advice based on observation and experience in ignorance of scientific findings
n00633329	a diligent effort; "it is a job requiring serious application"
n00633479	any effort that seems to go farther than would be necessary to achieve its goal
n00633613	an effort above and beyond the call of duty
n00633717	excessive exertion; so much exertion that discomfort or injury results
n00633864	the work of inquiring into something thoroughly and systematically
n00634276	an investigation of the component parts of a whole and their relations in making up the whole
n00634586	the act of counting; reciting numbers in ascending order; "the counting continued for several hours"
n00635012	the investigation of criminal activities
n00635205	a police investigation to determine the perpetrator; "detection is hard on the feet"
n00635422	scientific tests or techniques used in the investigation of crimes
n00635544	the systematic gathering up of suspects by the police; "a mass roundup of suspects"
n00635699	the application of empirical methods in any art or science
n00635850	the act of examining something closely (as for mistakes)
n00636461	the act of giving students or candidates a test (as by questions) to determine what they know or have learned
n00636728	a systematic investigation of a matter of public interest
n00636921	systematic investigation to establish facts
n00637145	(formerly in Britain) an examination taken by 11 and 12 year old students to select suitable candidates for grammar school
n00637354	an investigation seeking answers; "a thorough search of the ledgers revealed nothing"; "the outcome justified the search"
n00637546	research designed to determine most efficient way to do something
n00637677	an inquiry into the financial position of someone applying for financial aid
n00637810	an inquiry into the cause of an unexpected death
n00637912	scientific research that requires massive capital investment but is expected to yield very significant results
n00638080	scientific research conducted by biologists
n00638243	a general term for the research activity that creates a copy of some biological entity (a gene or organism or cell)
n00638448	making a full living copy of an organism; requires a surrogate mother
n00638602	the reproductive cloning of a sentient human being; generally considered ethically unacceptable
n00638770	moving a cell nucleus and its genetic material from one cell to another
n00639007	nuclear transplantation of a patient's own cells to make an oocyte from which immune-compatible cells (especially stem cells) can be derived for transplant
n00639267	research on stem cells and their use in medicine
n00639398	biological research on stem cells derived from embryos and on their use in medicine
n00639556	the act of conducting a controlled test or investigation
n00639833	an investigation carried out in the field rather than in a laboratory or headquarters
n00639975	the act of subjecting to experimental test in order to determine how well something works; "they agreed to end the testing of atomic weapons"
n00640188	research that gathers and analyzes information about the moving of good or services from producer to consumer
n00640434	marketing research that yields information about the marketplace
n00640560	marketing research that yields information about desired characteristics of the product or service
n00640721	marketing research that yields information about the motives and needs of different classes of consumers
n00640889	research with the use of microscopes
n00641109	microscopy with the use of electron microscopes
n00641222	microwave spectroscopy in which there is resonant absorption of radiation by a paramagnet
n00641421	experimenting until a solution is found
n00641522	an investigation conducted using a flexible surgical instrument to explore an injury or a body cavity
n00641693	an international study of the entire human genetic material
n00641820	research into questions posed by scientific theories and hypotheses
n00642045	visual examination of the interior of a hollow body organ by use of an endoscope
n00642325	endoscopic examination of the abdomen through the abdominal wall
n00642446	visual examination of the colon (with a colonoscope) from the cecum to the rectum; requires sedation
n00642604	endoscopic examination of a woman's pelvic organs by the insertion of a culdoscope through the vagina
n00642762	visual examination of the stomach by means of a gastroscope inserted through the esophagus
n00642910	visual examination of the uterus and uterine lining using an endoscope inserted through the vagina
n00643067	visual examination of the rectum and the end of the colon by means of a proctoscope
n00643208	visual examination (with a sigmoidoscope) of the lower third of the colon in a search for polyps
n00643389	an examination of the front part of the eye to check the angle where the iris meets the cornea; it is used to distinguish between open-angle glaucoma and closed-angle glaucoma
n00643621	examination of the cornea with a keratoscope to detect irregularities in its anterior surface
n00643772	examination of the nasal passages (either through the anterior nares or with a rhinoscope through the nasopharynx)
n00643943	the act of scanning; systematic examination of a prescribed region; "he made a thorough scan of the beach with his binoculars"
n00644156	the act of systematically moving a finely focused beam of light or electrons over a surface in order to produce an image of it for analysis or transmission
n00644366	boarding and inspecting a ship on the high seas; "right of search"
n00644503	a detailed critical inspection
n00644702	an examination of the characteristics of something; "there are laboratories for commercial testing"; "it involved testing thousands of children for smallpox"
n00644967	testing objects or persons in order to identify those with particular characteristics
n00645162	analyzing a group of people to determine genetic susceptibility to a particular disease; "genetic screening of infants for phenylketonuria"
n00645365	an analysis of a specific job in an effort to find the most efficient method in terms of time and effort
n00645622	a form of microscopic examination of living material by scattered light; specimens appear luminous against a dark background
n00645843	light microscopy in which the specimen is irradiated at wavelengths that excite fluorochromes
n00646024	a method of using fluorescence microscopy to detect the presence of an antigen indirectly
n00646187	a detailed analysis; "he studied the anatomy of crimes"
n00646332	(medicine) the chemical analysis of urine (for medical diagnosis)
n00646504	(medicine) the chemical analysis of excrement (for medical diagnosis or for paleontological purposes)
n00646680	a detailed analysis of a person or group from a social or psychological or medical point of view
n00646833	the act of decomposing a substance into its constituent elements
n00647147	an electrochemical method of chemical analysis
n00647270	chemical analysis to determine the amounts of each element in the substance
n00647536	quantitative chemical analysis by color using a colorimeter
n00647713	quantitative analysis by the use of definite volumes of standard solutions or reagents
n00647919	volumetric analysis using standard solutions of acids to measure the amount of a base present
n00648087	volumetric analysis using standard solutions of alkali to measure the amount of acid present
n00648237	a measured amount of a solution of unknown concentration is added to a known volume of a second solution until the reaction between them is just complete; the concentration of the unknown solution (the titer) can then be calculated
n00648542	determination of the volume of gases (or changes in their volume) during combination
n00648692	quantitative analysis by weight
n00648790	breaking down the costs of some operation and reporting on each factor separately
n00648931	detailed critical analysis or examination one part at a time (as of a literary work)
n00649090	(stock exchange) the use of fundamentals as an investment strategy
n00649266	(stock exchange) analysis of past price changes in the hope of forecasting future price changes
n00649482	the use of spectroscopes to analyze spectra
n00649760	separation of substances in solution by means of their unequal diffusion through semipermeable membranes
n00649992	a procedure in which blood is drawn and separated into its components by dialysis; some are retained and the rest are returned to the donor by transfusion
n00650267	plasma is separated from whole blood and the rest is returned to the donor
n00650402	platelets are separated from whole blood and the rest is returned to the donor
n00650543	dialysis of the blood to remove toxic substances or metabolic wastes from the bloodstream; used in the case of kidney failure
n00650743	the use of spectroscopy to determine the masses of small electrically charged particles
n00650912	the use of spectroscopy to study atomic or molecular resonances in the microwave spectrum
n00651088	the act of comparing similarities
n00651176	drawing a comparison in order to show a similarity in some respect; "the operation of a computer presents and interesting analogy to the working of the brain"; "the models show by analogy how matter is built up"
n00651531	careful examination and comparison to note points of disagreement
n00651670	a focussed comparison; bringing together for a careful comparison
n00651813	the act of distinguishing by comparing differences
n00651954	the transportation of goods on a lighter
n00652069	an official visit for inspection or supervision; "the commissioner made visitations to all the precinct stations"; "the recent visitation of the bishop to his diocese"
n00652311	a visit in an official capacity to examine a site to determine its suitability for some enterprise
n00652466	close observation of a person or group (usually by the police)
n00652659	the act of putting into tabular form; "the tabulation of the results"
n00652803	the act of estimating the number of red and white corpuscles in a blood sample
n00652975	counting the number of white and red blood cells and the number of platelets in 1 cubic millimeter of blood
n00653171	counting the number of specific types of white blood cells found in 1 cubic millimeter of blood; may be included as part of a complete blood count
n00653388	a periodic count of the population
n00653518	counting backward from an arbitrary number to indicate the time remaining before some event (such as launching a space vehicle)
n00653719	an inaccurate count
n00653811	the counting of votes (as in an election)
n00653958	an additional (usually a second) count; especially of the votes in a close election
n00654113	the act of estimating the number of spermatozoa in an ejaculate
n00654234	the act of keeping a secret watch for intelligence purposes
n00654400	the act of tapping a telephone or telegraph line to get information
n00654563	the systematic use of spies to get military or political secrets
n00654683	spying on the spies
n00654765	surveillance by electronic means (e.g. television)
n00654885	the work of providing treatment for or attending to someone or something; "no medical care was required"; "the old car needs constant attention"
n00655540	motherly care; behavior characteristic of a mother; the practice of acting as a mother does toward her children
n00655727	the work of a baby sitter; caring for children when their parents are not home
n00655878	the work of a pet sitter; caring for pets in their own home while their owners are away from home
n00656033	the medical care received on first contact with the medical system (before being referred elsewhere)
n00656192	care and treatment of a convalescent patient
n00656292	care for the teeth
n00656386	the act of brushing your teeth; "the dentist recommended two brushes a day"
n00656524	emergency care given before regular medical aid can be obtained
n00656643	a method of irrigating the eye used by ophthalmologists
n00656835	a treatment for glaucoma; the eyedrops reduce intraocular pressure by decreasing the production of aqueous humor and increasing its drainage through the uveoscleral pathway
n00657080	a treatment for glaucoma; the eyedrops reduce intraocular pressure by reducing the production of aqueous humor
n00657257	a treatment for glaucoma; the eyedrops increase the outflow of aqueous humor by constricting the pupil
n00657420	a treatment for glaucoma; the eyedrops increase the outflow of aqueous humor through the uveoscleral pathway
n00657604	professional treatment for illness or injury
n00658082	care provided to improve a situation (especially medical procedures or applications that are intended to relieve illness or injury)
n00658627	placing in medical care in a hospital
n00658796	maintaining something at the most favorable temperature for its development
n00658946	the care (feeding and stabling) of horses for pay
n00659048	kneading and rubbing parts of the body to increase circulation and promote relaxation
n00659349	an emergency procedure that employs rhythmic compression of the heart (either through the chest wall or, during surgery, directly to the heart) in an attempt to maintain circulation during cardiac arrest
n00659667	a rhythmic stroking; "effleurage of the abdomen is used in the Lamaze method of childbirth"
n00659834	massage of the skin which is gently lifted and squeezed
n00659946	massage to relieve tension by finger pressure; based on the belief that there are reflex points on the feet, hands, and head that are connected to every part of the body
n00660173	massage combined with a system of active and passive exercises for the muscles and joints
n00660324	massage in which the body is tapped rhythmically with the fingers or with short rapid movements of the sides of the hand; used to loosen mucus on the chest walls of patients with bronchitis
n00660570	an overall beauty treatment (involving a person's hair style and cosmetics and clothing) intended to change or improve a person's appearance
n00660783	professional care for the hands and fingernails
n00660957	professional care for the feet and toenails
n00661091	(medicine) the act of caring for someone (as by medication or remedial training etc.); "the quarterback is undergoing treatment for a knee injury"; "he tried every treatment the doctors suggested"; "heat therapy gave the best relief"
n00661847	a method of therapy that involves physical or electrical therapeutic treatment
n00662017	a method of physical therapy that involves generating local heat in body tissues by high-frequency electromagnetic currents
n00662196	the therapeutic use of aromatic plant extracts and essential oils in baths or massage
n00662340	the use of chemical agents to treat or control disease (or mental illness)
n00662527	treatment of a specific defect; "the correction of his vision with eye glasses"
n00662681	the therapeutic application of electricity to the body (as in the treatment of various forms of paralysis)
n00662972	therapeutic exposure to sunlight
n00663094	hormones (estrogen and progestin) are given to postmenopausal women; believed to protect them from heart disease and osteoporosis
n00663333	therapy designed to produce immunity to a disease or to enhance resistance by the immune system
n00663488	the use of infrared radiation (as by infrared lamps or heating pads or hot water bottles) to relieve pain and increase circulation to a particular area of the body
n00663714	therapy in which water or oxygen or a drug is introduced into the respiratory tract with inhaled air
n00663878	therapy that uses a local electric current to introduce the ions of a medicine into the tissues
n00664110	the act of treating with medicines or remedies
n00664285	medication with antipyretics to treat a fever
n00664388	therapy based on a theory that taking very large doses of vitamins will prevent or cure physical or psychological disorders
n00664577	therapy based on engagement in meaningful activities of daily life, especially to enable or encourage participation in such activities in spite of impairments or limitations in physical or mental functions
n00664849	the act of nourishing; "her nourishment of the orphans saved many lives"
n00664997	care by a skilled nurse
n00665079	the work of caring for the sick or injured or infirm
n00665221	considerate and solicitous care; "young children need lots of TLC"
n00665358	physical and emotional care and nourishment
n00665476	care for someone who is disabled or is otherwise unable to care for themselves; can including bathing and cooking and managing bodily functions
n00665679	care for the skin
n00665781	care for the face that usually involves cleansing and massage and the application of cosmetic creams
n00665970	surgical removal of the adenoids; commonly performed along with tonsillectomy
n00666107	surgical removal of one or both adrenal glands
n00666232	surgical removal of the vermiform appendix
n00666350	a surgical removal of all or part of a limb
n00666468	an operation to repair a damaged blood vessel or unblock a coronary artery
n00666600	the surgical fixation of a joint which is intended to result in bone fusion
n00666733	surgical reconstruction or replacement of a malformed or degenerated joint
n00666884	a minimally invasive operation to repair a damaged joint; the surgeon examines the joint with an arthroscope while making repairs through a small incision
n00667096	surgical repair by using tissue from another part of the patient's own body
n00667246	any surgical procedure involving the brain
n00667384	brain surgery on human patients intended to relieve severe and otherwise intractable mental or behavioral problems
n00667612	brain surgery on animals in which the corpus callosum (and sometimes the optic chiasm) is severed so that communication between the cerebral hemispheres is interrupted
n00667847	surgical removal of the testes or ovaries (usually to inhibit hormone secretion in cases of breast cancer in women or prostate cancer in men); "bilateral castration results in sterilization"
n00668112	the act of coagulating blood and destroying tissue with a hot iron or caustic agent or by freezing
n00668404	use of chemical to destroy diseased or malignant tissue; used in treatment of skin cancer
n00668552	a surgical operation that creates an opening from the colon to the surface of the body to function as an anus
n00668736	a surgical opening through the skull
n00668829	the use of extreme cold (usually liquid nitrogen) to destroy unwanted tissue (warts or cataracts or skin cancers)
n00669000	surgical removal of the gall bladder (usually for relief of gallstone pain)
n00669155	excision of the clitoris
n00669262	removal of the gall bladder through small punctures in the abdomen to permit the insertion of a laparoscope and surgical instruments
n00669481	surgery to remove tissue or growths from a bodily cavity (as the uterus) by scraping with a curette
n00669687	a method of induced abortion; prior to the 14th week of gestation the embryo and placenta are removed by applying suction to the dilated cervix
n00669932	surgical removal of foreign material and dead tissue from a wound in order to prevent infection and promote healing
n00670105	removal of the outer covering of an organ or part
n00670250	a surgical procedure usually performed under local anesthesia in which the cervix is dilated and the endometrial lining of the uterus is scraped with a curet; performed to obtain tissue samples or to stop prolonged bleeding or to remove small tumors or to remove fragments of placenta after childbirth or as a method of abortion
n00670703	the act of removing the bowels or viscera; the act of cutting so as to cause the viscera to protrude
n00670897	surgery performed with electrical devices (as in electrocautery)
n00671022	surgical operation that creates a permanent opening through the abdominal wall into the intestine
n00671190	surgical removal of something without cutting into it; "the enucleation of the tumor"
n00671351	a medical procedure involving an incision with instruments; performed to repair damage or arrest disease in a living body; "they will schedule the operation as soon as an operating room is available"; "he died while undergoing surgery"
n00673109	a surgical operation performed on the wrong part of the body
n00673234	surgical removal of an embolus (usually from an artery)
n00673347	surgical removal of the inner lining of an artery that is clogged with atherosclerosis
n00673494	surgical removal of a nerve
n00673578	surgical removal of an organ (or the contents of an organ) from a patient
n00673710	surgical removal of the organs within a body cavity (as those of the pelvis)
n00673863	any surgical procedure involving the eyes
n00674158	plastic surgery to remove wrinkles and other signs of aging from your face; an incision is made near the hair line and skin is pulled back and excess tissue is excised; "some actresses have more than one face lift"
n00674562	surgical procedure that creates a new fenestra to the cochlea in order to restore hearing lost because of osteosclerosis
n00674760	surgical removal of all or part of the stomach
n00674864	surgical creation of an opening between the stomach wall and the small intestines; performed when the normal opening has been eliminated
n00675064	surgical creation of an opening through the abdominal wall into the stomach (as for gastrogavage)
n00675219	any surgical procedure involving the heart
n00675357	heart surgery in which a small incision is made (the chest cavity is not opened)
n00675540	heart surgery in which the rib cage is spread open, the heart is stopped and blood is detoured through a heart-lung machine while a heart valve or coronary artery is surgically repaired
n00675808	open-heart surgery in which the rib cage is opened and a section of a blood vessel is grafted from the aorta to the coronary artery to bypass the blocked section of the coronary artery and improve the blood supply to the heart
n00676160	heart surgery in which a coronary bypass is performed by the use of small instruments and tiny cameras threaded through small incisions while the heart is stopped and blood is pumped through a heart-lung machine
n00676453	heart surgery in which a coronary bypass is performed on the beating heart by the use of small instruments and cameras threaded through small incisions
n00676693	surgical procedure for tying hemorrhoids and excising them
n00676834	surgical procedure of stopping the flow of blood (as with a hemostat)
n00677038	surgical removal of the pituitary gland
n00677174	surgical removal of the uterus
n00677299	surgical incision into the uterus (as in cesarean section)
n00677434	surgical removal of the uterus and the ovaries and oviducts and cervix and related lymph nodes
n00677613	surgical removal of the uterus and cervix
n00677719	surgical incision into the stomach
n00677808	a surgical procedure that places something in the human body; "the implantation of radioactive pellets in the prostate gland"
n00678010	the cutting of or into body tissues or organs (especially by a surgeon as part of an operation)
n00678425	eye surgery that involves removing all or part of the lens and replacing it with an intraocular lens implant
n00678632	cataract surgery in which the entire lens is removed
n00678752	cataract surgery in which only the front of the lens is removed; the back of the lens capsule remains intact and provides support for the lens implant
n00678988	an eye operation that treats glaucoma by destroying the ciliary body with a laser
n00679140	extracapsular surgery for cataracts in which ultrasonic sound breaks the cortex and nucleus of the lens into small fragments that are then vacuumed away through a small tube
n00679379	eye surgery that opens a passage allowing excess aqueous humor to drain into surrounding tissues; a treatment for glaucoma
n00679566	an eye operation that treats closed-angle glaucoma by surgical removal of part of the iris of the eye
n00679724	a surgical procedure that makes an incision in the iris of the eye in order to enlarge the pupil or to treat closed-angle glaucoma
n00679910	surgical incision into the cornea
n00680018	radial pattern of incisions in the cornea that cause the cornea to bulge; performed to correct myopia
n00680183	a refractive surgery procedure that reshapes the cornea
n00680336	eye surgery that makes many tiny laser burns in an area that will increase the drainage of aqueous humor
n00680511	a refractive surgery procedure that reshapes the cornea
n00680658	a surgical procedure that removes the vitreous humor and replace it with saline solution
n00680803	surgical incision into the perineum
n00680914	surgical incision of the perineum to enlarge the vagina and so facilitate delivery during childbirth
n00681071	surgical procedure that creates an opening from the ileum through the abdominal wall to function as an anus; performed in cases of cancer of the colon or ulcerative colitis
n00681299	surgical operation that shortens the small intestine; used in treating obesity
n00681441	surgical creation of an opening between the jejunum and the anterior abdominal wall; will allow artificial feeding
n00681613	a surgical procedure in which part or all of a damaged or diseased cornea is replaced by healthy corneal tissue from a donor
n00681869	using a piece of donated corneal tissue to repair the eye of someone who has had a cataract removed; "epikeratophakia gave her a living contact lens"
n00682080	plastic surgery involving the breakdown and removal of fatty tissue
n00682243	lipectomy (especially for cosmetic purposes) in which excess fatty tissue is removed from under the skin by suction
n00682436	plastic surgery to lift or reshape the breasts
n00682538	plastic surgery of the nerves
n00682625	reconstructive surgery of the auricle of the external ear
n00682738	surgical removal of the bony arches on one or more vertebrae
n00682856	surgical incision into the abdominal wall; often done to examine abdominal organs
n00683012	laparotomy performed with a laparoscope that makes a small incision to examine the abdominal cavity (especially the ovaries and Fallopian tubes)
n00683214	surgical removal of part or all of the larynx (usually to treat cancer of the larynx)
n00683358	surgical removal of a stone (calculus)
n00683470	removal of gallstone through an incision in the gallbladder
n00683590	surgical removal of a lobe from any organ of the body (as the lung or brain)
n00683722	psychosurgery in which amygdaloid fibers that mediate limbic system activity are severed (in cases of extreme uncontrollable violence)
n00683915	severing the corpus callosum so that communication between the cerebral hemispheres is interrupted (in cases of severe intractable epilepsy)
n00684128	surgical interruption of nerve tracts to and from the frontal lobe of the brain; often results in marked cognitive and personality changes
n00684450	a method of performing prefrontal lobotomy in which the surgical knife is inserted above the eyeball and moved to cut brain fibers
n00684648	surgical removal of a tumor without removing much of the surrounding tissue or lymph nodes; performed in some cases of breast cancer
n00684837	any surgical procedure that involves anesthesia or respiratory assistance
n00684988	surgery using operating microscopes and miniaturized precision instruments to perform intricate procedures on very small structures
n00685196	microsurgery in which the surgeon performs surgery by manipulating the hands of a robot
n00685349	any surgical procedure that does not involve anesthesia or respiratory assistance
n00685508	surgical removal of a breast to remove a malignant tumor
n00685675	removal of a breast and the pectoralis minor and some lymph nodes in the adjacent armpit
n00685837	removal of a breast and the underlying muscles (pectoralis major and pectoralis minor) and lymph nodes in the adjacent armpit
n00686027	removal of a breast leaving the underlying muscles and the lymph nodes intact
n00686168	surgical removal of some or all of the mastoid process
n00686282	surgical removal of the meniscus of the knee
n00686385	surgical removal of a kidney
n00686471	surgical removal of all or part of a nerve
n00686570	surgical removal of one of both ovaries
n00686682	surgical removal of one or both ovaries and the corresponding Fallopian tubes
n00686826	surgical removal of an eye
n00686913	surgical removal of one or both testicles
n00687027	surgical removal of part or all of the pancreas
n00687135	surgical removal of a lung (usually to treat lung cancer)
n00687252	surgical removal of part or all of the prostate gland
n00687365	surgical removal of one or both Fallopian tubes
n00687472	surgical removal of all or part of a septum (especially the nasal septum or atrial septum)
n00687619	surgical removal of part or all of the sigmoid colon (usually to remove a malignant tumor)
n00687769	surgical removal of the spleen
n00687857	surgical removal of the stapes of the middle ear
n00687964	surgical interruption of a nerve pathway in the sympathetic nervous system
n00688098	surgical removal of a blood clot (thrombus) from a blood vessel
n00688220	surgical removal of the thyroid gland
n00688317	surgical removal of the palatine tonsils; commonly performed along with adenoidectomy
n00688462	surgical incision or division of a muscle
n00688557	surgical removal of the eardrum
n00688647	surgical repair of a perforated eardrum with a tissue graft
n00688766	surgical incision into the eardrum (to relieve pressure or release pus from the middle ear)
n00688915	any surgery that involves the nervous system (brain or spinal cord or peripheral nerves)
n00689062	cosmetic surgery to improve the appearance of your nose
n00689186	operation to bring an undescended testicle into the scrotum
n00689302	surgical incision into the testis to obtain material for analysis (as in cases of abnormally low sperm count)
n00689467	surgical sectioning of bone
n00689550	surgical procedure that creates an artificial opening for the elimination of bodily wastes
n00689729	surgical resection of unnecessary palatal and oropharyngeal tissue to open the airway; intended to cure extreme cases of snoring (with or without sleep apnea)
n00689995	reconstructive surgery on the penis to repair congenital abnormality or injury
n00690132	surgical removal or all or part of a vein; sometimes done in cases of severe varicose veins
n00690281	surgical procedure that uses an intense laser beam to destroy diseased retinal tissue or to make a scar that will hold the retina in cases of detached retina
n00690501	surgery concerned with therapeutic or cosmetic reformation of tissue
n00690848	surgical removal of a polyp
n00690933	reconstructive surgery of the anus or rectum
n00691050	surgical removal of part of a structure or organ
n00691190	surgical procedure in which an incision is made in the nose to drain accumulated pus
n00691330	surgical procedure in which spinal nerve roots are cut; done (anterior roots) to relieve intractable pain or (posterior roots) to stop severe muscle spasms
n00691541	surgical incision of the sclerotic coat of the eye
n00691648	surgical procedures and hormonal treatments designed to alter a person's sexual characteristics so that the resemble those of the opposite sex
n00691879	a surgical procedure in which a suture is used to close the cervix in a pregnant woman; is performed when the cervix has failed to retain previous pregnancies
n00692130	the act of making an organism barren or infertile (unable to reproduce)
n00692349	neutering a male animal by removing the testicles
n00692506	the sterilization of an animal; "they took him to the vet for neutering"
n00692726	neutering a female by removing the ovaries
n00692840	the surgical operation of cutting a muscle or tendon of the eye in order to correct strabismus
n00692991	the surgical procedure of manually restoring a displaced body part
n00693109	a celebrated experiment conducted by Albert Michelson and Edward Morley; their failure to detect any influence of the earth's motion on the velocity of light was the starting point for Einstein's theory of relativity
n00693399	a surgical operation that creates an opening into the trachea with a tube inserted to provide a passage for air; performed when the pharynx is obstructed by edema or cancer or other causes
n00693679	an operation moving an organ from one organism (the donor) to another (the recipient); "he had a kidney transplant"; "the long-term results of cardiac transplantation are now excellent"; "a child had a multiple organ transplant two months ago"
n00694088	removal of significant amounts of prostate tissue (as in cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia)
n00694276	an operation that removes a circular section of bone from the skull
n00694420	surgical correction or repair of defects or injuries in the eardrum or the bones of the middle ear
n00694578	surgical correction of a defect of the palate
n00694681	judgment involved in the determination of rights and the assignment of rewards and punishments
n00694866	the act of meting out justice according to the law
n00694990	the act of administering medication
n00695160	the administration of a solution (blood or saline or plasma etc.) one drop at a time
n00695300	the administration of a sedative agent or drug
n00695448	(medicine) cleaning a wound or body organ by flushing or washing out with water or a medicated solution
n00695717	irrigation with a jet of water or medicated solution into or around a body part (especially the vagina) to treat infections or cleanse from odorous contents
n00695944	an injection of a liquid through the anus to stimulate evacuation; sometimes used for diagnostic purposes
n00696147	a water enema given to flush out the colon
n00696300	enema in which a contrast medium (usually barium sulfate) is injected into the rectum and X-rays are taken to search for lesions
n00696487	washing out a hollow organ (especially the stomach) by flushing with water
n00696650	washing out the stomach with sterile water or a saltwater solution; removes blood or poisons; "when the doctor ordered a gastric lavage the hospital pumped out my stomach"
n00696882	the act of applying a bandage
n00697024	medical care of the whole person considered as subject to personal and social as well as organic factors; "holistic medicine treats the mind as well as the body"
n00697249	a program of medical and emotional care for the terminally ill
n00697365	the act of putting a liquid into the body by means of a syringe; "the nurse gave him a flu shot"
n00697614	application of a substance that destroys tissue by freezing it
n00697734	application of a needle heated by an electric current to destroy tissue (as to remove warts)
n00697887	cautery (destruction of tissue) by heat
n00698004	formerly used as a treatment to reduce excess blood (one of the four humors of medieval medicine)
n00698234	incision into a kidney (usually to remove a kidney stone)
n00698348	surgical incision into the chest walls opening up the pleural cavity
n00698474	incision into a stenosed cardiac valve to relieve the obstruction
n00698609	surgical incision into a vein; used to treat hemochromatosis
n00698794	a treatment in which evacuated cups are applied to the skin to draw blood through the surface
n00698959	treatment by stopping fibrillation of heart muscles (usually by electric shock delivered by a defibrillator)
n00699146	treatment for poisoning by neutralizing the toxic properties (normally a function of the liver)
n00699320	a treatment for addiction to drugs or alcohol intended to remove the physiological effects of the addictive substances
n00699517	correction of an unstable part of the spine by joining two or more vertebrae; usually done surgically but sometimes done by traction or immobilization
n00699736	care provided through prayer and faith in God
n00699872	the application of a faith healer's hands to the patient's body
n00700000	therapy that uses physical agents: exercise and massage and other modalities
n00700260	the treatment of physical disabilities by massage and electrotherapy and exercises
n00700421	the use of plants or plant extracts for medicinal purposes (especially plants that are not part of the normal diet)
n00700652	the treatment of mental or emotional problems by psychological means
n00700979	psychotherapy that seeks to extinguish or inhibit abnormal or maladaptive behavior by reinforcing desired behavior and extinguishing undesired behavior
n00701325	a method of psychotherapy that reinforces you for stating negative and positive feelings directly
n00701491	any technique of behavior modification that uses unpleasant stimuli in a controlled fashion to alter behavior in a therapeutic way; primarily used for alcoholism or drug abuse (but with little success)
n00701755	a technique used in behavior therapy to treat phobias and other behavior problems involving anxiety; client is exposed to the threatening situation under relaxed conditions until the anxiety reaction is extinguished
n00702202	a form of behavior therapy in which a survivor confronts feelings or phobias or anxieties about a traumatic event and relives it in the therapy situation
n00702418	a technique used in behavior therapy; client is flooded with experiences of a particular kind until becoming either averse to them or numbed to them
n00702659	a method of behavior therapy based on the inhibition of one response by the occurrence of another response that is mutually incompatible with it; a relaxation response might be conditioned to a stimulus that previously evoked anxiety
n00702992	a form of behavior therapy that has been used in some mental institutions; patients are rewarded with tokens for appropriate behavior and the tokens may be cashed in for valued rewards
n00703236	a method of psychotherapy developed by Carl Rogers in which the client determines the focus and pace of each session
n00703422	psychotherapy that focuses on acute critical situations (depressive episodes or attempted suicides or drug overdoses) with the aim of restoring the person to the level of functioning before the crisis
n00703688	psychotherapy in which a small group of individuals meet with a therapist; interactions among the members are considered to be therapeutic
n00703926	any of several therapeutic approaches in which a family is treated as a whole
n00704064	the use of hypnosis in psychotherapy
n00704159	form of psychotherapy for children that uses play situations for diagnosis or treatment
n00704305	a set of techniques for exploring underlying motives and a method of treating various mental disorders; based on the theories of Sigmund Freud; "his physician recommended psychoanalysis"
n00705319	the use of hypnosis in conjunction with psychoanalysis
n00705433	the application of psychotherapeutic principles to the analysis of your own personality
n00705580	(medicine) the treatment of disease (especially cancer) by exposure to a radioactive substance
n00705886	the use of strong light to treat acne or hyperbilirubinemia of the newborn
n00706019	the use of radium in radiation therapy
n00706133	the therapeutic use of X rays
n00706222	the use of chemicals containing gold for treating diseases (such as rheumatoid arthritis)
n00706371	treatment of certain psychotic states by the administration of shocks that are followed by convulsions
n00706605	the administration of a strong electric current that passes through the brain to induce convulsions and coma
n00706847	the administration of sufficient insulin to induce convulsions and coma
n00707028	the administration of sufficient Metrazol to induce convulsions and coma
n00707213	any therapy intended to correct a disorder of speech
n00707344	deliberately lowering the body's temperature for therapeutic purposes; "refrigeration by immersing the patient's body in a cold bath"
n00707537	the use of heat to treat a disease or disorder; heating pads or hot compresses or hot-water bottles are used to promote circulation in peripheral vascular disease or to relax tense muscles
n00707785	therapy consisting of the administration of a pharmacological agent to cause thrombolysis of an abnormal blood clot
n00707967	a method of treatment that manipulates body structures (especially the spine) to relieve low back pain or even headache or high blood pressure
n00708168	application of warm wet coverings to a part of the body to relieve pain and inflammation
n00708332	a method of treating disease using food and exercise and heat to assist the natural healing process
n00708489	a drugless method of treatment based on the belief that disease symptoms arise from problems with ligaments and connective tissues
n00708676	dental treatment that corrects irregularities of the teeth or of the relation of the teeth to surrounding anatomy; treatment is usually by braces or mechanical aids; "orthodontic treatment of facial abnormalities"
n00708957	treatment of defects of binocular vision (such as strabismus and amblyopia) by nonsurgical measures (especially by exercises to strengthen the eye muscles)
n00709205	therapy based on the assumption that restoring health is best accomplished by manipulating the skeleton and muscles
n00709395	treatment of a skeletal deformity by intentionally fracturing a bone
n00709521	treatment to destroy harmful microorganisms
n00709659	disinfection of water by the addition of small amounts of chlorine or a chlorine compound
n00709843	the administration of digitalis for the treatment of certain heart disorders
n00710015	the administration of an anticoagulant drug to retard coagulation of the blood
n00710155	treatment of pain or disease by inserting the tips of needles at specific points on the skin
n00710338	treatment of symptoms by applying pressure with the fingers to specific pressure points on the body
n00710550	training patients in self-induced relaxation
n00710692	the usual method of treating disease with remedies that produce effects differing from those produced by the disease itself
n00710889	a method of treating disease with small amounts of remedies that, in large amounts in healthy people, produce symptoms similar to those being treated
n00711127	the internal and external use of water in the treatment of disease
n00711265	close monitoring and constant medical care of patients with life-threatening conditions
n00711413	rest as a medical treatment for stress or anxiety etc.
n00711523	a hunt for game carried on by following it stealthily or waiting in ambush
n00711727	stalking deer
n00711799	hunting for birds' nests to get the eggs
n00711897	the act of preying by a predator who kills and eats the prey
n00712031	effort expended in moving one object over another with pressure
n00712225	the work of applying something; "the doctor prescribed a topical application of iodine"; "a complete bleach requires several applications"; "the surface was ready for a coating of paint";
n00712833	the act of applying oil or an oily liquid
n00712979	the application of a gas or smoke to something for the purpose of disinfecting it
n00713135	the work of coating glass with metal foil
n00713250	either the work of covering with metal by the use of a galvanic current or the coating of iron with zinc to protect it from rusting
n00713493	the work of making or repairing vehicle bodies
n00713594	manual (or mechanical) carrying or moving or delivering or working with something
n00713784	act of loading and unloading and moving goods within e.g. a factory especially using mechanical devices
n00713952	the labor of putting a load of something on or in a vehicle or ship or container etc.; "the loading took 2 hours"
n00714173	the labor of taking a load of something off of or out of a vehicle or ship or container etc.
n00714357	the act of picking (crops or fruit or hops etc.)
n00714477	the act of someone who picks up or takes something; "the pickings were easy"; "clothing could be had for the taking"
n00714693	the work of covering an area with planks
n00714806	the work of installing the wires for an electrical system or device
n00714944	a craft that requires skillful hands
n00715674	joining or attaching by stitches
n00715843	making bread or cake or pastry etc.
n00715949	stitching that is not easily seen or noticed
n00716055	surgical joining of two surfaces
n00716179	surgical procedure that removes all or part of the vas deferens (usually as a means of sterilization); is sometimes reversible
n00716397	surgical incision into or division of the vas deferens
n00716520	a surgical procedure that attempts to restore the function of the vas deferens after a vasectomy
n00716676	surgical removal of part or all of the vulva
n00716777	the act of operating on living animals (especially in scientific research)
n00716945	an application of a lubricant to something
n00717081	the act of applying paving materials to an area
n00717208	the act of applying paint to a surface; "you can finish the job of painting faster with a roller than with a brush"
n00717468	the application of a liquid in the form of small particles ejected from a sprayer
n00717640	applying paint with a sprayer
n00717748	the act of splashing a (liquid) substance on a surface
n00718066	painting by using the fingers to spread the paint
n00718195	the application of a protective layer of tin
n00718325	the application of a thin layer of soft solder to the ends of wires before soldering them; "careful tinning of the ends of wires results in a better joint when you solder them"
n00718573	the application of wallpaper
n00718689	ornamental plastering
n00718815	the application of plaster
n00719016	the application of a thin coat of metal (as by electrolysis)
n00719148	the application of very thin coat of color over the surface of a picture
n00719274	the application of tiles to cover a surface
n00719388	the application of wax to a surface
n00719494	work that you are obliged to perform for moral or legal reasons; "the duties of the job"
n00719705	a specific piece of work required to be done as a duty or for a specific fee; "estimates of the city's loss on that job ranged as high as a million dollars"; "the job of repairing the engine took several hours"; "the endless task of classifying the samples"; "the farmer's morning chores"
n00720166	a job or situation that is demanding and arduous and punishing; "Vietnam was a ball-breaker"
n00720331	the job of delivering newspapers regularly
n00720431	an individual's prescribed share of work; "her stint as a lifeguard exhausted her"
n00720565	the actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group; "the function of a teacher"; "the government must do its part"; "play its role"
n00720951	a specified function; "he was employed in the capacity of director"; "he should be retained in his present capacity at a higher salary"
n00721141	an informal term for a person's role; "he took off his politician's hat and talked frankly"
n00721282	the role of the head of a government department; "he holds the portfolio for foreign affairs"
n00721431	the post or function properly or customarily occupied or served by another; "can you go in my stead?"; "took his place"; "in lieu of"
n00721660	as the agent of or on someone's part (usually expressed as "on behalf of" rather than "in behalf of"); "the guardian signed the contract on behalf of the minor child"; "this letter is written on behalf of my client";
n00721929	a secondary role or function; "he hated to play second fiddle to anyone"
n00722061	normal or customary activity of a person in a particular social setting; "what is your role on the team?"
n00722253	the overt expression of attitudes that indicate to others the degree of your maleness or femaleness; "your gender role is the public expression of your gender identity"
n00722479	(in team sports) the role assigned to an individual player; "what position does he play?"
n00722984	the position on a baseball team of the player who throws the ball for a batter to try to hit; "he has played every position except pitcher"; "they have a southpaw on the mound"
n00723241	the position on a baseball team of the player who is stationed behind home plate and who catches the balls that the pitcher throws; "a catcher needs a lot of protective equipment"; "a catcher plays behind the plate"
n00723547	the fielding position of the player on a baseball team who is stationed at first of the bases in the infield (counting counterclockwise from home plate)
n00723783	the fielding position of the player on a baseball team who is stationed near the second of the bases in the infield
n00723984	the fielding position of the player on a baseball team who is stationed between second and third base
n00724168	the fielding position of the player on a baseball team who is stationed near the third of the bases in the infield (counting counterclockwise from home plate); "he is playing third"
n00724433	the fielding position of the player on a baseball team who is expected to field balls in the left third of the outfield (looking from home plate)
n00724684	the fielding position of the player on a baseball team who is expected to field balls in the central third of the outfield
n00724898	the fielding position of the player on a baseball team who is expected to field balls in the right third of the outfield (looking from home plate)
n00725152	a stolen base; an instance in which a base runner advances safely during the delivery of a pitch (without the help of a hit or walk or passed ball or wild pitch)
n00725383	a position on a basketball, soccer, or hockey team
n00725506	a position on a basketball team of the player who participates in the jump that starts the game
n00725673	a position on a basketball team
n00725775	(American football) the position of a player on a football team who is stationed behind the line of scrimmage
n00726100	(American football) the position of a player on a football team who is stationed on the line of scrimmage
n00726369	(American football) the position of a defensive football player who plays close behind the line of scrimmage
n00726567	(American football) the position of the football player in the backfield who directs the offensive play of his team; "quarterback is the most important position on the team"
n00726867	(American football) the position of a back on a football team
n00727002	(American football) the position of a back on a football team
n00727137	(American football) the position of the offensive back on a football team who lines up farthest from the line of scrimmage
n00727333	(American football) the position of the offensive back who lines up behind or outside the end
n00727500	(American football) the position of the player on the line of scrimmage who puts the ball in play; "it is a center's responsibility to get the football to the quarterback"
n00727743	(American football) a position on the line of scrimmage; "guards must be good blockers"
n00727901	(American football) a position on the line of scrimmage; "it takes a big man to play tackle"
n00728065	(American football) a position on the line of scrimmage; "no one wanted to play end"
n00728218	the fielding position in cricket closest to the bowler on the off side
n00728342	the fielding position in cricket closest to the bowler on the on side
n00728464	the position on a hockey team of the player who participates in the face off at the beginning of the game
n00728641	a school task performed by a student to satisfy the teacher
n00728849	a school task requiring considerable effort
n00728975	the part of a student's work that is done in the classroom
n00729108	preparatory school work done outside school (especially at home)
n00729285	a task assigned for individual study; "he did the lesson for today"
n00729478	a period of instruction learning a language
n00729637	instruction in the French language
n00729731	instruction in the German language
n00729825	instruction in the Hebrew language
n00729919	a task performed or problem solved in order to develop skill or understanding; "you must work the examples at the end of each chapter in the textbook"
n00730134	the reading of a passage assigned by the teacher
n00730247	a duty that you are assigned to perform (especially in the armed forces); "hazardous duty"
n00730538	the duty of serving as a sentry; "he was on guard that night"
n00730708	labor of a nonmilitary kind done by soldiers (cleaning or digging or draining or so on); "the soldiers were put on fatigue to teach them a lesson"; "they were assigned to kitchen fatigues"
n00730984	the organized work of a religious missionary
n00731136	missionary work for Islam
n00731222	a special assignment that is given to a person or group; "a confidential mission to London"; "his charge was deliver a message"
n00731569	a fruitless mission
n00731648	an extremely dangerous or difficult mission
n00731756	killing or injuring others while annihilating yourself; usually accomplished with a bomb
n00731947	a short trip that is taken in the performance of a necessary task or mission
n00732076	assignment to a different duty
n00732201	the detachment of a person from their regular organization for temporary assignment elsewhere
n00732369	naval service aboard a ship at sea
n00732492	naval service at land bases
n00732576	trivial, unrewarding, tedious, dirty, and disagreeable chores; "the hospital hired him to do scut work"
n00732746	activity that transgresses moral or civil law; "he denied any wrongdoing"
n00733317	the activity of treating someone savagely or viciously
n00733483	entry to another's property without right or permission
n00733753	an encroachment or intrusion; "they made inroads in the United States market"
n00733883	(law) any wrongdoing for which an action for damages may be brought
n00734107	a tort based on willful and malicious interference with the marriage relation by a third party without justification or excuse
n00734303	the wrongful intrusion by individuals or the government into private affairs with which the public has no concern
n00734482	a wrongful interference with the possession of property (personal property as well as realty), or the action instituted to recover damages
n00734783	trespass that is not transient or intermittent but continues as long as the offending object remains; "dumping his garbage on my land was a case of continuing trespass"
n00735017	an action brought to recover damages from a person who has taken goods or property from its rightful owner
n00735198	an action brought to recover damages from a person whose actions have resulted indirectly in injury or loss; "a person struck by a log as it was thrown onto a road could maintain trespass against the thrower but one who was hurt by stumbling over it could maintain and action on the case"
n00735553	the defendant unlawfully enters the land of the plaintiff
n00735686	trespass with force and arms resulting in injury to another's person or property
n00735832	misconduct in public office
n00735936	improper or wicked or immoral behavior
n00736219	an antisocial misdeed in violation of the law by a minor
n00736375	reckless or malicious behavior that causes discomfort or annoyance in others
n00736786	noisy and unrestrained mischief; "raising blazes"
n00736894	mischievous or deceitful behavior
n00736989	violent lawless behavior
n00737070	an act of undue intimacy
n00737188	behavior that breaches the rule or etiquette or custom or morality
n00737399	deviate behavior
n00737536	an indecent or improper act
n00737705	abnormal sexual activity
n00737894	the perverse act of exposing and attracting attention to your own genitals
n00738058	sexual arousal or gratification resulting from handling a fetish (or a specific part of the body other than the sexual organs)
n00738270	a sexual attraction to children
n00738372	a perversion in which a person receives sexual gratification from seeing the genitalia of others or witnessing others' sexual behavior
n00738598	a sexual attraction to animals
n00738697	an obscene act
n00738785	a petty misdeed
n00738872	infantile behavior in mature persons
n00738966	willful negligence
n00739078	a failure to act when under an obligation to do so; a refusal (without sufficient excuse) to do that which it is your legal duty to do
n00739270	failure to act with the prudence that a reasonable person would exercise under the same circumstances
n00739632	(law) negligence allocated between the plaintiff and the defendant with a corresponding reduction in damages paid to the plaintiff
n00739850	(law) negligence of two of more persons acting independently; the plaintiff may sue both together or separately
n00740048	(law) behavior by the plaintiff that contributes to the harm resulting from the defendant's negligence; "in common law any degree of contributory negligence would bar the plaintiff from collecting damages"
n00740342	(law) recklessly acting without reasonable caution and putting another person at risk of injury or death (or failing to do something with the same consequences)
n00740609	(law) breach of a duty
n00740712	nonperformance of something distasteful (as by deceit or trickery) that you are supposed to do; "his evasion of his clear duty was reprehensible"; "that escape from the consequences is possible but unattractive"
n00741158	a form of behavior that evades unpleasant realities
n00741272	evading duty or work by pretending to be incapacitated; "they developed a test to detect malingering"
n00741478	the evasion of work or duty
n00741685	the act of evading by going around
n00741797	the deliberate failure to pay taxes (usually by making a false report)
n00741925	wrongful conduct by a public official
n00742020	doing a proper act in a wrongful or injurious manner
n00742130	a wrongful act that the actor had no right to do; improper professional conduct; "he charged them with electoral malpractices"
n00742314	professional wrongdoing that results in injury or damage; "the widow sued his surgeon for malpractice"
n00742474	the action of perverting something (turning it to a wrong use); "it was a perversion of justice"
n00742645	useless or profitless activity; using or expending or consuming thoughtlessly or carelessly; "if the effort brings no compensating gain it is a waste"; "mindless dissipation of natural resources"
n00743155	a useless effort
n00743251	a useless consumption of material
n00743348	money spent for inadequate return; "the senator said that the project was a waste of money"
n00743500	the devotion of time to a useless activity; "the waste of time could prove fatal"
n00743641	excessive spending
n00743822	spending resources lavishly and wastefully; "more wasteful than the squandering of time"
n00744004	prodigious squandering (usually by a government)
n00744131	any harm or injury resulting from a violation of a legal right
n00744305	wrongdoing that violates another's rights and is unjustly inflicted
n00744443	an act that causes someone or something to receive physical damage
n00744616	an unjust act
n00744758	an act causing pain or damage
n00744862	the action of going beyond or overstepping some boundary or limit
n00745005	the act of transgressing; the violation of a law or a duty or moral principle; "the boy was punished for the transgressions of his father"
n00745431	an action that is vicious or vile; an action that arouses disgust or abhorrence; "his treatment of the children is an abomination"
n00745637	morally objectionable behavior
n00745863	a criminal or vicious act
n00745943	wicked and cruel behavior
n00746033	an act of extreme wickedness
n00746116	unfair or dishonest behavior (especially involving violence)
n00746232	a disrespectful act
n00746375	the evil ascribed to sexual acts that violate social conventions; "sexual immorality is the major reason for last year's record number of abortions"
n00746587	blasphemous behavior; the act of depriving something of its sacred character; "desecration of the Holy Sabbath"
n00746866	a corrupt or depraved or degenerate act or practice; "the various turpitudes of modern society"
n00747029	a specific form of evildoing; "vice offends the moral standards of the community"
n00747215	creative activity (writing or pictures or films etc.) of no literary or artistic value other than to stimulate sexual desire
n00747519	the illegal use of children in pornographic pictures or films
n00747671	excess in action and immoderate indulgence of bodily appetites, especially in passion or indulgence; "the intemperance of their language"
n00748011	consumption of alcoholic drinks
n00748155	offering sexual intercourse for pay
n00748307	dissolute indulgence in sensual pleasure
n00748515	the act of drinking alcoholic beverages to excess; "drink was his downfall"
n00748834	a long period of drinking
n00748919	a tour arranged by a travel agent; transportation and food and lodging are all provided at an inclusive price
n00749105	a tour of bars or public houses (usually taking one drink at each stop)
n00749232	a tour by a candidate as part of a political campaign in which a series of small towns are visited; "in 1948 Truman crossed the country several times on his whistle-stop tours"
n00749491	a bout of drinking or drug taking
n00749574	lack of honesty; acts of lying or cheating or stealing
n00749767	an act of deliberate betrayal
n00749991	an act of betrayal; "he gave us the old double cross"; "I could no longer tolerate his impudent double-crossing"
n00750216	an act of betrayal
n00750306	the dishonesty of a charlatan
n00750405	the act of plagiarizing; taking someone's words or ideas as if they were your own
n00750730	an attempt to get you to do something foolish or imprudent; "that offer was a dirty trick"
n00750890	the act of rendering something false as by fraudulent changes (of documents or measures etc.) or counterfeiting
n00751145	a willful perversion of facts
n00751398	an act that incriminates someone on a false charge
n00751529	the act of distorting something so it seems to mean something it was not intended to mean
n00751779	falsification by means of vague or ambiguous language
n00751944	the deliberate act of deviating from the truth
n00752144	a trivial act of lying or being deliberately unclear
n00752298	the act of faking (or the product of faking)
n00752431	the act of deceiving
n00752798	deceitful action that is not straightforward; "he could see through the indirections of diplomats"
n00752954	the use of tricks to deceive someone (usually to extract money from them)
n00753240	acting in bad faith; deception by pretending to entertain one set of intentions while acting under the influence of another
n00753472	falsification by the use of sophistry; misleading by means of specious fallacies; "he practiced the art of sophistication upon reason"
n00753685	something intended to deceive; deliberate trickery intended to gain an advantage
n00753973	anything that is supposed to be valuable but turns out to be worthless
n00754118	artful trickery designed to achieve an end; "the senator's tax program was mere jugglery"
n00754280	a fraudulent business scheme
n00754424	a deception for profit to yourself
n00754593	an act of gerrymandering (dividing a voting area so as to give your own party an unfair advantage)
n00754767	the act of deluding; deception by creating illusory ideas
n00754956	the act of giving a false appearance; "his conformity was only pretending"
n00755277	pretending that something is the case in order to make a good impression; "they try to keep up appearances"; "that ceremony is just for show"
n00755500	the enactment of a pretense; "it was just pretend"
n00755673	a deliberate pretense or exaggerated display
n00755863	a theatrical pose created for effect; "the actor struck just the right attitude"
n00756034	an affectation of radical left-wing views and the fashionable dress and lifestyle that goes with them
n00756194	making a false outward show; "a beggar's masquerade of wealth"
n00756331	pretending to be another person
n00756470	a deliberate act intended to make something obscure
n00756598	the act of bluffing in poker; deception by a false show of confidence in the strength of your cards
n00756780	the act of taking in as by fooling or cheating or swindling someone
n00756919	a lapse into sin; a loss of innocence or of chastity; "a fall from virtue"
n00757080	an act that is regarded by theologians as a transgression of God's will
n00757337	a sin committed of your own free will (as contrasted with original sin)
n00757483	a sin said to be inherited by all descendants of Adam; "Adam and Eve committed the original sin when they ate the forbidden fruit in the Garden of Eden"
n00757730	an unpardonable sin entailing a total loss of grace; "theologians list seven mortal sins"
n00758033	a pardonable sin regarded as entailing only a partial loss of grace
n00758175	unreasonable and inordinate self-esteem (personified as one of the deadly sins)
n00758335	spite and resentment at seeing the success of another (personified as one of the deadly sins)
n00758525	reprehensible acquisitiveness; insatiable desire for wealth (personified as one of the deadly sins)
n00758795	apathy and inactivity in the practice of virtue (personified as one of the deadly sins)
n00758972	belligerence aroused by a real or supposed wrong (personified as one of the deadly sins)
n00759186	eating to excess (personified as one of the deadly sins)
n00759335	self-indulgent sexual desire (personified as one of the deadly sins)
n00759500	the use of extreme fear in order to coerce people (especially for political reasons); "he used terror to make them confess"
n00759694	the calculated use of violence (or the threat of violence) against civilians in order to attain goals that are political or religious or ideological in nature; this is done through intimidation or coercion or instilling fear
n00763132	terrorism using the weapons of biological warfare
n00763282	terrorism using the chemical agents of chemical warfare; can undermine the personal security of citizens; "a good agent for chemical terrorism should be colorless and odorless and inexpensive and readily available and not detectable until symptoms are experienced"
n00763630	an assault on electronic communication networks
n00763787	terrorism practiced in your own country against your own people; "the 1995 bombing of a federal building in Oklahoma City was an instance of domestic terrorism"
n00764031	violence carried out to further the political or social objectives of the environmentalists
n00764258	terrorism practiced in a foreign country by terrorists who are not native to that country
n00764436	the financing of terrorist activities by participation in the drug trade
n00764588	the use of a nuclear device by a terrorist organization to cause massive devastation or the use (or threat of use) of fissionable radioactive materials; "assaults on nuclear power plants is one form of nuclear terrorism"
n00764891	terrorism practiced by a government against its own people or in support of international terrorism
n00765081	terrorism for a religious purpose
n00765193	an act of terrorism
n00765343	the offense of vexatiously persisting in inciting lawsuits and quarrels
n00765488	an unethical agreement between an attorney and client that the attorney would sue and pay the costs of the client's suit in return for a portion of the damages awarded; "soliciting personal injury cases may constitute champerty"
n00765791	the unauthorized interference in a legal action by a person having no interest in it (as by helping one party with money or otherwise to continue the action) so as to obstruct justice or promote unnecessary litigation or unsettle the peace of the community; "unlike champerty, criminal maintenance does not necessarily involve personal profit"
n00766234	(criminal law) an act punishable by law; usually considered an evil act; "a long record of crimes"
n00767477	an evil act not necessarily punishable by law; "crimes of the heart"
n00767633	some transgression committed with the assistance of someone trusted by the victim; "the police decided that the crime was an inside job"
n00767826	a threatened or attempted physical attack by someone who appears to be able to cause bodily harm if not stopped
n00768063	a reckless attack with intent to injure seriously (as with a deadly weapon)
n00768203	an assault in which the assailant makes physical contact
n00768353	a crime so serious that capital punishment is considered appropriate
n00768483	crime committed using a computer and the internet to steal a person's identity or sell contraband or stalk victims or disrupt operations with malevolent programs
n00768701	a serious crime (such as murder or arson)
n00768921	criminal falsification by making or altering an instrument with intent to defraud
n00769092	intentional deception resulting in injury to another person
n00769401	(maritime law) a fraudulent breach of duty by the master of a ship that injures the owner of the ship or its cargo; includes every breach of trust such as stealing or sinking or deserting the ship or embezzling the cargo
n00769695	(Islam) serious crimes committed by Muslims and punishable by punishments established in the Koran; "Had crimes include apostasy from Islam and murder and theft and adultery"
n00769944	seizure of a vehicle in transit either to rob it or divert it to an alternate destination
n00770151	the willful and unlawful crippling or mutilation of another person
n00770270	a crime less serious than a felony
n00770543	an act that disregards an agreement or a right; "he claimed a violation of his rights under the Fifth Amendment"
n00770834	a violation of the rights secured by a copyright
n00770997	an act that violates the rules of a sport
n00771198	a foul that involves unnecessarily rough contact (as in basketball or football)
n00771356	(basketball) a foul that can be assessed on a player or a coach or a team for unsportsmanlike conduct; does not usually involve physical contact during play
n00771604	violation of the rights secured by a patent
n00771713	any act of molesting, interrupting, hindering, agitating, or arousing from a state of repose or otherwise depriving inhabitants of the peace and quiet to which they are entitled
n00772026	(law) an offense involving intent to defraud and false representation and obtaining property as a result of that misrepresentation
n00772253	vulgar and offensive nakedness in a public place
n00772381	criminal offense of making false statements under oath
n00772550	physical efforts to oppose a lawful arrest; the resistance is classified as assault and battery upon the person of the police officer attempting to make the arrest
n00772813	an illegal action inciting resistance to lawful authority and tending to cause the disruption or overthrow of the government
n00773047	the act of subjecting someone to unwanted or improper sexual advances or activity (especially women or children)
n00773235	the act of committing a crime
n00773402	the crime of forcing a woman to submit to sexual intercourse against her will
n00773673	rape in which the rapist is known to the victim (as when they are on a date together)
n00773814	the act of attacking; "attacks on women increased last year"; "they made an attempt on his life"
n00774009	assault with intent to rob
n00774107	a statutory offense that provides that it is a crime to knowingly cause another person to engage in an unwanted sexual act by force or threat; "most states have replaced the common law definition of rape with statutes defining sexual assault"
n00774506	(Islam) minor crimes committed by Muslims; crimes that are not mentioned in the Koran so judges are free to punish the offender in any appropriate way; "in some Islamic nations Tazir crimes are set by legislation"
n00774796	crimes created by statutes and not by common law
n00775006	violent or brutal acts as of thugs
n00775095	the offense of marrying someone while you have a living spouse from whom no valid divorce has occurred
n00775286	the act of taking of a person by force
n00775460	the criminal act of capturing and carrying away by force a family member; if a man's wife is abducted it is a crime against the family relationship and against the wife
n00775702	(law) the unlawful act of capturing and carrying away a person against their will and holding them in false imprisonment
n00775943	an illegal enterprise (such as extortion or fraud or drug peddling or prostitution) carried on for profit
n00776165	engaging in a racket
n00776262	the practice of offering something (usually money) in order to gain an illicit advantage
n00776466	the crime of a judge whose judgment is influenced by bribery
n00776581	bribery of a purchasing agent in order to induce the agent to enter into a transaction
n00776732	the fraudulent appropriation of funds or property entrusted to your care but actually owned by someone else
n00777069	the co-option of another person's personal information (e.g., name, Social Security number, credit card number, passport) without that person's knowledge and the fraudulent use of such knowledge
n00777324	an attempt by speculators to defraud investors
n00777439	the act of plundering (especially the embezzlement of goods on shipboard)
n00777587	use of the mails to defraud someone
n00777679	misrepresentation or alteration of the true results of an election
n00777806	comprises all acts or omissions or concealments involving breach of equitable or legal duty or trust or confidence
n00778017	fraud that prevents a party from knowing their rights or from having a fair opportunity of presenting them at trial
n00778213	actual deceit; concealing something or making a false representation with an evil intent to cause injury to another
n00778405	fraud that is presumed from the circumstances although the one who commits it need not have had any evil intent
n00778575	fraud that arises from a disparity between the instrument intended to be executed and the instrument actually executed; e.g., leading someone to sign the wrong contract
n00778809	fraud which intentionally causes a person to execute and instrument or make an agreement or render a judgment; e.g., misleading someone about the true facts
n00779035	fraud (as by use of forged documents or false claims or perjury) that misleads a court or jury and induces a finding for the one perpetrating the fraud
n00779248	a swindle in which you cheat at gambling or persuade a person to buy worthless property
n00779599	a complicated confidence game planned and executed with great care (especially an operation implemented by undercover agents to apprehend criminals)
n00779809	a fraudulent business practice involving some form of pyramid scheme e.g., the chain of distribution is artificially expanded by an excessive number of distributors selling to other distributors at progressively higher wholesale prices until retail prices are unnecessarily inflated
n00780148	the act of swindling by some fraudulent scheme; "that book is a fraud"
n00780466	the act of hiding playing cards in a gambling game so they are available for personal use later
n00780615	British slang for a swindle
n00780731	a swindling sleight-of-hand game; victim guesses which of three things a pellet is under
n00780889	the act of taking something from someone unlawfully; "the thieving is awful at Kennedy International"
n00781355	the act of stealing small amounts or small articles
n00781480	the act of stealing goods that are on display in a store; "shrinkage is the retail trade's euphemism for shoplifting"
n00781685	larceny by threat of violence
n00781912	robbery at gunpoint
n00782072	a crime that undermines the offender's government
n00782241	a vice that is illegal
n00782338	an act that is legally a crime but that seem to have no victims; "he considers prostitution to be a victimless crime"
n00782518	a crime committed in wartime; violation of rules of war
n00782629	biological theft; illegal collection of indigenous plants by corporations who patent them for their own use
n00782792	a crime (especially a robbery); "the gang pulled off a bank job in St. Louis"
n00782927	robbery by a gang of armed dacoits
n00783063	the act of stealing
n00783199	robbery of a traveller or vehicle in transit or seizing control of a vehicle by the use of force
n00783419	robbery of travellers on or near a public road
n00783527	hijacking on the high seas or in similar contexts; taking a ship or plane away from the control of those who are legally entitled to it; "air piracy"
n00783762	the act of robbing a helpless person; "he was charged with rolling drunks in the park"
n00783902	larceny of property having a value greater than some amount (the amount varies by locale)
n00784083	larceny of property having a value less than some amount (the amount varies by locale)
n00784271	failure to declare income in order to avoid paying taxes on it
n00784388	the felonious act of extorting money (as by threats of violence)
n00784598	extortion of money by threats to divulge discrediting information
n00784755	payment extorted by gangsters on threat of violence; "every store in the neighborhood had to pay him protection"
n00784934	extortion of money (as by blackmail)
n00785045	entering a building unlawfully with intent to commit a felony or to steal valuable property
n00785263	trespassing for an unlawful purpose; illegal entrance into premises with criminal intent
n00785482	burglary of a dwelling while the residents are at home
n00785596	a venture by a partnership or conglomerate designed to share risk or expertise; "a joint venture between the film companies to produce TV shows"
n00785818	a joint venture between a foreign company and a United States company
n00785959	a venture at something new or different; "as an experiment he decided to grow a beard"
n00786102	a hopeless or desperate enterprise
n00786195	earnest and conscientious activity intended to do or accomplish something; "made an effort to cover all the reading material"; "wished him luck in his endeavor"; "she gave it a good try"
n00786887	an attempt to get something; "they made a futile play for power"; "he made a bid to gain attention"
n00787061	a usually brief attempt; "he took a crack at it"; "I gave it a whirl"
n00787218	a tentative attempt
n00787307	an initial attempt (especially outside your usual areas of competence); "scientists' forays into politics"
n00787465	the part played by a person in bringing about a result; "I am proud of my contribution in advancing the project"; "they all did their share of the work"
n00787727	the part you are expected to play; "he held up his end"
n00787832	the attempt to achieve equal rights or status; "she worked for women's liberation"
n00788007	a futile or unprofitable endeavor
n00788097	an aggressive attempt to compel acquiescence by the concentration or manipulation of power; "she laughed at this sexual power play and walked away"
n00788362	an attempt to acquire or gain something
n00788473	informal words for any attempt or effort; "he gave it his best shot"; "he took a stab at forecasting"
n00788632	an attempt to score in a game
n00788766	an effortful attempt to attain a goal
n00788973	an energetic attempt to achieve something; "getting through the crowd was a real struggle"; "he fought a battle for recognition"
n00789237	any struggle between two skillful opponents (individuals or groups)
n00789391	an unceremonious and disorganized struggle
n00789534	acquisition of a company by purchasing a controlling percentage of its stock
n00789735	an acquisition based on analysis of the benefits of consolidation in anticipation of increased earning power
n00789906	a change by sale or merger in the controlling interest of a corporation
n00790086	resistance to or defense against a hostile takeover
n00790205	an attempt to take control of a corporation
n00790347	an offer to buy shares in order to take over the company
n00790498	a takeover bid where the acquirer offers to pay more for the shares needed to gain control than for the remaining shares
n00790677	a takeover bid where the acquirer offers to buy any and all shares outstanding
n00790817	a takeover that is resisted by the management of the target company
n00790947	a takeover that is welcomed by the management of the target company
n00791078	the act of testing something; "in the experimental trials the amount of carbon was measured separately"; "he called each flip of the coin a new trial"
n00791527	a quantitative or qualitative test of a substance (especially an ore or a drug) to determine its components; frequently used to test for the presence or concentration of infectious agents or antibodies etc.
n00791875	an assay that relies on an enzymatic conversion reaction and is used to detect the presence of specific substances (such as enzymes or viruses or antibodies or bacteria)
n00792142	an assay that shows specific antigens in tissues by the use of markers that are either fluorescent dyes or enzymes (such as horseradish peroxidase)
n00792356	a rigorously controlled test of a new drug or a new invasive medical device on human subjects; in the United States it is conducted under the direction of the FDA before being made available for general clinical use
n00792720	a clinical trial on a few persons to determine the safety of a new drug or invasive medical device; for drugs, dosage or toxicity limits should be obtained
n00792954	a clinical trial on more persons than in phase I; intended to evaluate the efficacy of a treatment for the condition it is intended to treat; possible side effects are monitored
n00793212	a large clinical trial of a treatment or drug that in phase I and phase II has been shown to be efficacious with tolerable side effects; after successful conclusion of these clinical trials it will receive formal approval from the FDA
n00793529	sometimes the FDA approves a drug for general use but requires the manufacturer to continue to monitor its effects; during this phase the drug may be tried on slightly different patient populations than those studied in earlier trials
n00793844	a test procedure in which the identity of those receiving the intervention is concealed from both the administrators and the subjects until after the test is completed; designed to reduce or eliminate bias in the results
n00794123	a laboratory test of a new drug or a new invasive medical device on animal subjects; conducted to gather evidence justifying a clinical trial
n00794367	the act of undergoing testing; "he survived the great test of battle"; "candidates must compete in a trial of skill"
n00794614	a test of the suitability of a performer
n00794772	a filmed audition of an actor or actress
n00794870	a test of young hunting dogs to determine their skill in pointing and retrieving
n00795008	putting clothes on to see whether they fit
n00795161	a compulsory annual test of older motor vehicles for safety and exhaust fumes
n00795352	activity planned as a test or trial; "they funded a pilot project in six states"
n00795508	dull or routine preliminary work preparing for an undertaking
n00795625	work paid for at a rate per unit of time
n00795720	any piece of work that is undertaken or attempted; "he prepared for great undertakings"
n00796197	an assignment to write something
n00796315	a wild and exciting undertaking (not necessarily lawful)
n00796586	an undertaking that you have been assigned to do (as by an instructor)
n00796767	a project of personal concern to someone; "this project is his baby"
n00796886	a purposeful or industrious undertaking (especially one that requires effort or boldness); "he had doubts about the whole enterprise"
n00797207	productive work performed voluntarily without material reward or compensation
n00797361	any long and arduous undertaking
n00797468	anything that requires little thought
n00797581	a task to be dealt with; "securing adequate funding is a time-consuming proposition"
n00797723	a formidable task or requirement; "finishing in time was a tall order but we did it"
n00797878	any venturesome undertaking especially one with an uncertain outcome
n00798108	the pastime of exploring caves
n00798245	a series of actions advancing a principle or tending toward a particular end; "he supported populist campaigns"; "they worked in the cause of world peace"; "the team was ready for a drive toward the pennant"; "the movement to end slavery"; "contributed to the war effort"
n00798959	an organized program of advertisements
n00799125	a campaign against entering or continuing a war
n00799236	a campaign of flattery and friendliness (by a company, politician, etc.) to become more popular and gain support
n00799409	a movement advocating greater protection of the interests of consumers
n00799537	the campaign of a candidate to be elected
n00799809	a campaign in which the candidate makes speeches but does not travel; "William McKinley's dignified front-porch campaign won him the presidency in 1896"; "her approach was the opposite of a passive front-porch campaign"
n00800121	the activities involved in political campaigning (especially speech making)
n00800270	a campaign to raise money for some cause
n00800421	the movement aimed at equal rights for women
n00800657	the movement aimed at liberating homosexuals from legal or social or economic oppression
n00800825	a defeated cause or a cause for which defeat is inevitable
n00800940	a campaign aimed to correct abuses or malpractices; "the reforms he proposed were too radical for the politicians"
n00801125	a concerted campaign to end something that is injurious; "the war on poverty"; "the war against crime"
n00801277	political or religious or social reform movement or agitation consisting chiefly of young people
n00801450	the organized dissemination of derogatory rumors designed to discredit a candidate
n00801598	campaigning for something by making political speeches (stump speeches)
n00801724	an advertising campaign intended to promote sales
n00801834	an advertising campaign intended to improve public relations
n00801966	a venture off the beaten path; "a sally into the wide world beyond his home"
n00802111	the act of helping or improving yourself without relying on anyone else
n00802238	a venture undertaken without regard to possible loss or injury; "he saw the rewards but not the risks of crime"; "there was a danger he would do the wrong thing"
n00802629	a risk involving danger; "you take a chance when you let her drive"
n00802785	a risky and uncertain venture; "getting admitted to the college of your choice has become a crapshoot"
n00802962	a risky act or venture
n00803091	a venture that involves great risk but promises great rewards
n00803208	increasing the size of a bet (as in poker); "I'll see your raise and double it"
n00803394	raising the stakes in a card game by a factor of 2; "I decided his double was a bluff"
n00803617	the activity of managing or exerting control over something; "the control of the mob by the police was admirable"
n00804180	activity of controlling a crowd
n00804271	an effort to minimize or curtail damage or loss
n00804379	the act of being put under federal control
n00804535	control from ground stations of airplanes in flight by means of messages transmitted to the pilot electronically
n00804708	(engineering) the art or technique of trying to control rivers with dams etc in order to minimize the occurrence of floods
n00804909	any instance of aggressive extension of authority
n00805034	the act of controlling or directing according to rule; "fiscal regulations are in the hands of politicians"
n00805337	the act of freeing from regulation (especially from governmental regulations)
n00805524	an official lowering of a nation's currency; a decrease in the value of a country's currency relative to that of foreign countries
n00805766	efforts to regulate or control sales of guns
n00805868	a system of economic regulation: wages and interest are tied to the cost-of-living index in order to reduce the effects of inflation
n00806075	an accounting procedure or system designed to promote efficiency or assure the implementation of a policy or safeguard assets or avoid fraud and error etc.
n00806366	an internal control performed by one or more managers
n00806484	maintenance of standards of quality of manufactured goods
n00806621	a statistical procedure for accepting or rejecting a batch of merchandise or documents; involves determining the maximum number of defects discovered in a sample before the entire batch is rejected
n00806902	the act of bringing to uniformity; making regular
n00807078	the regulation of occurrence, pace, or coordination to achieve a desired effect (as in music, theater, athletics, mechanics)
n00807273	the regulation of diverse elements into an integrated and harmonious operation
n00807500	coordinating by causing to indicate the same time; "the synchronization of their watches was an important preliminary"
n00807768	cutting off the electric current on certain lines when the demand becomes greater than the supply
n00807925	the proportional limitation of production or distribution of something (e.g. crude oil or natural gas) to some fractional part of the total capacity of each producer
n00808182	an act of limiting or restricting (as by regulation)
n00808485	a limitation on the size and armament of the armed forces of a country
n00808614	a limitation or constraint; "taxpayers want a hold-down on government spending"
n00808767	fixing (of prices or wages etc) at a particular level; "a freeze on hiring"
n00808967	sudden restriction on an activity
n00809074	the act of hiring something or someone; "he signed up for a week's car hire"
n00809201	a freeze on hiring
n00809279	a freeze of prices at a given level
n00809373	a freeze of wages at a given level
n00809465	the act of having and controlling property
n00809702	(sport) the act of controlling the ball (or puck); "they took possession of the ball on their own goal line"
n00809886	(law) immediate and direct physical control over property
n00810026	(law) having the power and intention to have and control property but without direct control or actual presence upon it
n00810234	(law) possession for which criminal sanctions are provided because the property may not lawfully be possessed or may not be possessed under certain circumstances
n00810498	possession of controlled substances
n00810598	the act of retaining something
n00810794	the act of holding back or keeping within your possession or control; "I resented his withholding permission"; "there were allegations of the withholding of evidence"
n00811036	(slang) a self-aggrandizing action undertaken simply for the pleasure of exercising control over other people
n00811221	normal response to the presence of feces in the rectum
n00811355	the act of storing something
n00811491	preservation and methodical arrangement as of documents and papers etc.; "I have some filing to do"
n00811661	the commercial enterprise of storing goods and materials
n00811825	refrigerated storage for preservation
n00811921	the act of packing or storing away
n00812055	the act of storing in tanks
n00812154	the measures taken to control a riot
n00812274	the act of gripping something firmly with the hands (or the tentacles)
n00812526	the act of grasping; "he released his clasp on my arm"; "he has a strong grip for an old man"; "she kept a firm hold on the railing"
n00812977	a hold used in the sport of wrestling
n00813220	a wrestling hold with arms locked tightly around the opponent
n00813336	any of several wrestling holds in which an arm is passed under the opponent's arm from behind and the hand exerts pressure on the back of the neck
n00813571	a wrestling hold in which the holder puts both arms under the opponent's arms and exerts pressure on the back of the neck (illegal in amateur wrestling)
n00813800	a wrestling hold in which the holder puts an arm under the opponent's arm and exerts pressure on the back of the neck
n00813975	a wrestling hold in which the opponent's arm is twisted up behind his back
n00814106	a wrestling hold in which the opponent's head is locked between the crook of your elbow and the side of your body
n00814274	a wrestling hold in which the opponent's arms are crossed in front of his own neck to exert pressure on his windpipe
n00814458	any wrestling hold in which some part of the opponent's body is twisted or pressured
n00814665	a wrestling hold in which you wrap your legs around the opponents body or head and put your feet together and squeeze
n00814899	a wrestling hold in which the arms are pressed against the opponent's windpipe
n00815036	a wrestling hold in which the toe is held and the leg is twisted against the joints
n00815173	the act of steering a ship
n00815320	the act of setting and holding a course; "a new council was installed under the direction of the king"
n00815644	the action of directing something at an object; "he took aim and fired"
n00815801	the guidance of ships or airplanes from place to place
n00816419	navigation of an airplane solely by instruments
n00816530	navigating according to the positions of the stars
n00816665	a method of controlling the flight of a missile or spacecraft by reference to the positions of celestial bodies
n00816841	a method of controlling the flight of a missile by devices that respond to inertial forces
n00817017	a method of controlling the flight of a missile by commands originating from the ground or from another missile
n00817191	a method of controlling the flight of a missile by devices that respond to the strength and direction of the earth's gravitational field
n00817394	navigation without the aid of celestial observations
n00817507	(during World War II in Britain) watching for fires started by bombs that dropped from the sky
n00817680	the activity of protecting someone or something; "the witnesses demanded police protection"
n00818170	the use of military aircraft to provide protection against attack by enemy aircraft during ground or naval operations
n00818362	the act of shielding from harm
n00818466	the responsibility of a guardian or keeper; "he left his car in my keeping"
n00818678	(with `in') guardianship over; in divorce cases it is the right to house and care for and discipline a child; "my fate is in your hands"; "too much power in the president's hands"; "your guests are now in my custody"; "the mother was awarded custody of the children"
n00819024	the activity of protecting something from loss or danger
n00819274	the preservation and careful management of the environment and of natural resources
n00819524	the official conservation of trees and soil and rivers etc.
n00819641	protection of soil against erosion or deterioration
n00819756	the conservation of petroleum resources
n00819858	the conservation of water resources
n00819958	preservation of yourself from harm; a natural or instinctive tendency
n00820091	the act of keeping back or setting aside for some future occasion
n00820232	code name for the secret United States project set up in 1942 to develop atomic bombs for use in World War II
n00820406	preservation (of a dead body) by treating with balsams and drugs and other chemicals
n00820583	embalmment and drying a dead body and wrapping it as a mummy
n00820721	excessive protection
n00820845	intelligence on the identity and capability and intentions of hostile individuals or organizations that may be engaged in espionage or sabotage or subversion or terrorism
n00821083	counterintelligence achieved by banning or deleting any information of value to the enemy
n00821295	all types of censorship conducted by personnel of the armed forces
n00821518	military censorship of civilian communications (correspondence or printed matter of films) entering or leaving of circulating within territories controlled by armed forces
n00821752	security review of news (including all information or material intended for dissemination to the public) subject to the jurisdiction of the armed forces
n00821973	military censorship of communication to and from prisoners of war and civilian internees held by the armed forces
n00822159	military censorship of personal communications to or from persons in the armed forces
n00822350	armed forces censorship performed by personnel of a military unit on the personal communications of persons assigned to that unit
n00822544	armed forces censorship of the personal communications of officers or civilian employees or enlisted personnel not subject to primary censorship
n00822755	censorship under civil authority of communications entering or leaving of crossing the borders of the United States or its territories or possessions
n00822970	a precautionary measure warding off impending danger or damage or injury etc.; "he put an ice pack on the injury as a precaution"; "an insurance policy is a good safeguard"; "we let our guard down"
n00823316	measures taken as a precaution against theft or espionage or sabotage etc.; "military security has been stepped up since the recent uprising"
n00823532	the act of defending someone or something against attack or injury; "a good boxer needs a good defense"; "defense against hurricanes is an urgent problem"
n00823750	protection from harm; "sanitation is the best defense against disease"
n00823884	taking a vaccine as a precaution against contracting a disease
n00824054	the act of protecting against disease by introducing a vaccine into the body to induce immunity; "doctors examined the recruits but nurses did the inoculating"
n00824357	administering vaccine only to people in close contact with an isolated infected patient; prevents the spread of a highly infectious disease by surrounding the patient with a ring of immunization
n00824614	the obsolete process of inoculating a susceptible person with material taken from a vesicle of a person who has smallpox
n00824808	the activity of going around or through an area at regular intervals for security purposes
n00825005	a patrol provided by aircraft
n00825096	a continuous nonstop patrol
n00825192	the act of defending yourself
n00825331	a Japanese martial art employing principles similar to judo
n00825443	any of several Oriental arts of weaponless self-defense; usually practiced as a sport; "he had a black belt in the martial arts"
n00825773	a sport adapted from jujitsu (using principles of not resisting) and similar to wrestling; developed in Japan
n00825951	a method of self-defense without weapons that was developed in China and Japan; holds and blows are supplemented by clever use of the attacker's own weight and strength
n00826213	the traditional Japanese method of espionage; involves stealthy movements and the use of camouflage
n00826397	a traditional Japanese system of unarmed combat; sharp blows and kicks are given to pressure-sensitive points on the body of the opponent
n00826606	a Chinese martial art
n00826681	a Korean martial art similar to karate
n00826789	a Chinese system of slow meditative physical exercise designed for relaxation and balance and health
n00827010	the act of protecting something by surrounding it with material that reduces or prevents the transmission of sound or heat or electricity
n00827240	the act of attaching an inside lining (to a garment or curtain etc.)
n00827379	providing something with a surface of a different material
n00827535	lining a surface or bearing with Babbitt metal
n00827638	the act of locking something up to protect it
n00827782	the act of accompanying someone or something in order to protect them
n00827974	the act of escorting while in transit
n00828082	the act of protecting something by covering it
n00828237	the activity of getting dressed; putting on clothes
n00828462	the act of putting on robes or vestments
n00828559	careful or finicky grooming; "the primping alone took more than an hour"
n00828704	the act of dressing and preparing yourself; "he made his morning toilet and went to breakfast"
n00828862	processes in the conversion of rough hides into leather
n00828990	the act of making immune (especially by inoculation)
n00829170	rendering an organism sensitive to a serum by a series of injections
n00829378	attention and management implying responsibility for safety; "he is in the care of a bodyguard"
n00829721	the act of making a piece of equipment rugged (strengthening to resist wear or abuse)
n00829918	a formation of military planes maintained over ground operations or targets; "an air umbrella over England"
n00830099	the act of treating something to make it repel water
n00830257	the act of having on your person as a covering or adornment; "she bought it for everyday wear"
n00830448	(physiology) regulation or maintenance of a function or action or reflex etc; "the timing and control of his movements were unimpaired"; "he had lost control of his sphincters"
n00830733	control of muscles
n00830811	the metabolic processes whereby certain organisms obtain energy from organic molecules; processes that take place in the cells and tissues during which energy is released and carbon dioxide is produced and absorbed by the blood to be transported to the lungs
n00831191	the bodily process of inhalation and exhalation; the process of taking in oxygen from inhaled air and releasing carbon dioxide by exhalation
n00831782	a single complete act of breathing in and out; "thirty respirations per minute"
n00831919	an emergency procedure whereby breathing is maintained artificially
n00832092	diagnostic procedure consisting of recording the activity of the heart electronically with a cardiograph (and producing a cardiogram)
n00832306	a noninvasive diagnostic procedure that uses ultrasound to study to structure and motions of the heart
n00832471	a noninvasive diagnostic procedure that uses ultrasound to study the anatomy of the brain
n00832626	an emergency procedure consisting of external cardiac massage and artificial respiration; the first treatment for a person who has collapsed and has no pulse and has stopped breathing; attempts to restore circulation of the blood and prevent death or brain damage due to lack of oxygen
n00833119	an emergency procedure to help someone who is choking because food is lodged in the trachea
n00833296	breathing in which most of the respiratory effort is done by the abdominal muscles; "abdominal breathing is practiced by singers"
n00833491	normal relaxed breathing
n00833578	energetic (deep and rapid) respiration that occurs normally after exercise or abnormally with fever or various disorders
n00833772	slow or shallow breathing
n00833870	an increased depth and rate of breathing greater than demanded by the body needs; can cause dizziness and tingling of the fingers and toes and chest pain if continued
n00834135	breathing heavily (as after exertion)
n00834290	abnormal respiration in which periods of shallow and deep breathing alternate
n00834460	an act of forcible exhalation
n00834636	the act of smoking tobacco or other substances; "he went outside for a smoke"; "smoking stinks"
n00834866	blowing tobacco smoke out into the air; "they smoked up the room with their ceaseless puffing"
n00835032	the process of taking in and expelling air during breathing; "he took a deep breath and dived into the pool"; "he was fighting to his last breath"
n00835267	the act of expelling air from the lungs
n00835501	forceful exhalation through the nose or mouth; "he gave his nose a loud blow"; "he blew out all the candles with a single puff"
n00835830	an act of blowing or breathing on or into something
n00835976	the act of snoring or producing a snoring sound
n00836149	the act of breathing heavily through the nose (as when the nose is congested)
n00836407	breathing with a husky or whistling sound
n00836537	breath; "the collision knocked the wind out of him"
n00836639	the return of relatively easy breathing after initial exhaustion during continuous exertion
n00836788	the act of inhaling; the drawing in of air (or other gases) as in breathing
n00837098	a short labored intake of breath with the mouth open; "she gave a gasp and fainted"
n00837293	an involuntary intake of breath through a wide open mouth; usually triggered by fatigue or boredom; "he could not suppress a yawn"; "the yawning in the audience told him it was time to stop"; "he apologized for his oscitancy"
n00837675	a slow inhalation (as of tobacco smoke); "he took a puff on his pipe"; "he took a drag on his cigarette and expelled the smoke slowly"
n00837965	a puff of a marijuana or hashish cigarette; "the boys took a few tokes on a joint"
n00838098	the process of taking food into the body through the mouth (as by eating)
n00838367	the act of consuming food
n00838816	the act of gripping or chewing off with the teeth and jaws
n00839023	the act of feeding by continual nibbling
n00839163	eating feces; in human a symptom of some kinds of insanity
n00839292	a reflex response to the passage of electric current through the body; "subjects received a small electric shock when they made the wrong response"; "electricians get accustomed to occasional shocks"
n00839597	a reflex that expels intestinal gas through the anus
n00839778	the act of swallowing; "one swallow of the liquid was enough"; "he took a drink of his beer and smacked his lips"
n00840057	swallowing air (usually followed by belching and discomfort and flatulence)
n00840189	a large and hurried swallow; "he finished it at a single gulp"
n00840363	a spasmodic reflex of the throat made as if in swallowing
n00840517	the act of eating dinner
n00840630	eating ravenously or voraciously to satiation
n00840751	eating an elaborate meal (often accompanied by entertainment)
n00840898	eating earth, clay, chalk; occurs in some primitive tribes, sometimes in cases of nutritional deficiency or obsessive behavior
n00841091	the act of grazing
n00841297	the act of eating lunch
n00841393	a large bite; "he tried to talk between munches on the sandwich"
n00841527	a dinner where each person pays for his own
n00841628	eating until excessively full
n00841777	ingestion of liquid food with a spoon or by drinking
n00841901	taking a small amount into the mouth to test its quality; "cooking was fine but it was the savoring that he enjoyed most"
n00842197	gentle biting
n00842281	a small sharp bite or snip
n00842419	feeding on corpses or carrion
n00842519	the eating of raw food
n00842597	the eating of excrement or other filth
n00842692	the act of sucking
n00842997	feeding an infant by giving suck at the breast
n00843128	the act of consuming liquids
n00843325	the drinking of large mouthfuls rapidly
n00843494	a small drink
n00843575	the act of drinking (especially an alcoholic drink)
n00843681	sexual practice that involves physically restraining (by cords or handcuffs) one of the partners
n00843831	sexual stimulation without vaginal penetration; "since pregnancy cannot happen if sperm are kept out of the vagina, outercourse is one method of birth control"
n00844048	sexual activity (especially sexual intercourse) with the use of measures (such as latex condoms) to avoid the transmission of disease (especially AIDS)
n00844254	activities associated with sexual intercourse; "they had sex in the back seat"
n00844847	the act of becoming pregnant; fertilization of an ovum by a spermatozoon
n00844994	the act of depriving a woman of her virginity (especially by rupturing the hymen through sexual intercourse)
n00845178	the introduction of semen into the genital tract of a female
n00845352	the introduction of semen into the oviduct or uterus by some means other than sexual intercourse
n00845523	the act of sexual procreation between a man and a woman; the man's penis is inserted into the woman's vagina and excited until orgasm and ejaculation occur
n00846021	slang for sexual intercourse
n00846326	sexual gratification; "he took his pleasure of her"
n00846432	illicit sexual intercourse
n00846515	sexual activities (often including sexual intercourse) between two people; "his lovemaking disgusted her"; "he hadn't had any love in months"; "he has a very complicated love life"
n00846817	the act (by a man) of inserting his penis into the vagina of a woman
n00846961	sexual intercourse with a person (girl or boy) who has not reached the age of consent (even if both parties participate willingly)
n00847167	any lascivious contact by an adult with the sexual organs of a child (especially not involving sexual intercourse)
n00847340	the act of pairing a male and female for reproductive purposes; "the casual couplings of adolescents"; "the mating of some species occurs only in the spring"
n00847770	mating of individuals having more traits in common than likely in random mating
n00847932	mating of individuals having traits more dissimilar than likely in random mating
n00848098	forbidden or tabu sexual intercourse between individuals
n00848282	sexual intercourse between individuals who are not married to one another
n00848466	extramarital sex that willfully and maliciously interferes with marriage relations; "adultery is often cited as grounds for divorce"
n00848745	voluntary sexual intercourse between persons not married to each other
n00848891	sexual intercourse between persons too closely related to marry (as between a parent and a child)
n00849059	a method of birth control in which coitus is initiated but the penis is deliberately withdrawn before ejaculation
n00849294	intercourse via the anus, committed by a man with a man or woman
n00849523	the sexual activity of conceiving and bearing offspring
n00849768	reproduction by parents of different races (especially by white and non-white persons)
n00849982	the act of producing offspring or multiplying by such production
n00850260	the production of living organisms from other living organisms
n00850425	(genetics) the act of mixing different species or varieties of animals or plants and thus to produce hybrids
n00850873	hybridization using two traits with two alleles each
n00850986	hybridization using a single trait with two alleles (as in Mendel's experiments with garden peas)
n00851146	hybridization involving a pair of crosses that reverse the sexes associated with each genotype
n00851316	a cross between an organism whose genotype for a certain trait is unknown and an organism that is homozygous recessive for that trait so the unknown genotype can be determined from that of the offspring
n00851587	the act of mating closely related individuals
n00851689	any of several methods of family planning that do not involve sterilization or contraceptive devices or drugs; coitus is avoided during the fertile time of a woman's menstrual cycle
n00851994	limiting the number of children born
n00852181	birth control by the use of devices (diaphragm or intrauterine device or condom) or drugs or surgery
n00852400	contraception achieved by taking oral contraceptive pills
n00852522	natural family planning in which the fertile period of the woman's menstrual cycle is inferred by noting the rise in basal body temperature that typically occurs with ovulation
n00852825	natural family planning in which the fertile period is inferred from changes in the character and quantity of cervical mucus; ovulation is marked by an increase in mucus that becomes sticky and then clearer and slippery
n00853145	natural family planning in which ovulation is assumed to occur 14 days before the onset of a period (the fertile period would be assumed to extend from day 10 through day 18 of her cycle)
n00853487	contraception by surgical sterilization
n00853649	the act of mating by male animals; "the bull was worth good money in servicing fees"
n00853835	mutual sexual fondling prior to sexual intercourse
n00854000	affectionate play (or foreplay without contact with the genital organs)
n00854393	(British informal) cuddle and kiss
n00854538	manual stimulation of the genital area for sexual pleasure; "the girls hated it when he tried to sneak a feel"
n00854717	an aberrant sexual practice;
n00854876	oral stimulation of the genitals; "they say he gives good head"
n00855055	oral stimulation of the vulva or clitoris
n00855169	oral stimulation of the penis
n00855301	slang for fellatio
n00855407	oral sex practiced simultaneously by two people
n00855527	using you own body as a sexual object
n00855674	manual stimulation of the genital organs (of yourself or another) for sexual pleasure
n00855936	manual stimulation of your own genital organ for sexual pleasure
n00856076	masturbation by rubbing against another person (as in a crowd)
n00856193	slang for masturbation
n00856342	indulging in promiscuous (casual and indiscriminate) sexual relations
n00856559	a brief sexual encounter lasting only for a single night; "he ran through a series of loveless one-night stands"
n00856733	unrestrained indulgence in sexual activity
n00856847	a sexual attraction to (or sexual relations with) persons of the same sex
n00857160	sexual activity with both men and women
n00857275	a term formerly used to mean taking on the gender role of the opposite sex
n00857424	female homosexuality
n00857530	a form of lesbianism that simulates heterosexual intercourse
n00857664	a sexual attraction to (or sexual relations with) persons of the opposite sex
n00857872	sexual relations between a man and a boy (usually anal intercourse with the boy as a passive partner)
n00858060	sexual activity between a person and an animal
n00858188	the suspension of consciousness and decrease in metabolic rate
n00858377	sleeping for a short period of time (usually not in bed)
n00858631	a nap in the early afternoon (especially in hot countries)
n00858742	a nap; "Arthur's taking a short zizz"
n00858849	a light fitful sleep
n00859001	a bodily process occurring due to the effect of some antecedent stimulus or agent; "a bad reaction to the medicine"; "his responses have slowed with age"
n00859490	any reaction that occurs automatically without conscious thought or reflection (especially the undirected behavior seen in psychomotor epilepsy)
n00859691	a reaction to a crisis or setback or frustration; "he is still on the rebound from his wife's death"
n00859863	an excessive reaction; a reaction with inappropriate emotional behavior
n00860011	a change in the electrical properties of the skin in response to stress or anxiety; can be measured either by recording the electrical resistance of the skin or by recording weak currents generated by the body
n00860434	a bodily defense reaction that recognizes an invading substance (an antigen: such as a virus or fungus or bacteria or transplanted organ) and produces antibodies specific against that antigen
n00860857	renewed rapid production of an antibody on the second (or subsequent) encounter with the same antigen
n00861046	an immune response (chiefly against bacterial invasion) that is mediated by B cells
n00861199	an immune response (chiefly against viral or fungal invasions or transplanted tissue) that involves T cells
n00861382	an immune response in which an antigen-antibody combination inactivates a complement (so it is unavailable to participate in a second antigen-antibody combination)
n00861611	an involuntary orienting response; positive or negative reaction to a stimulus source
n00861894	an affinity for work
n00861990	an orienting response to gravity
n00862079	an orienting response to the sun
n00862170	an effect of climate on biological processes (as the effect on joint pains etc.)
n00862310	an affinity for neural tissues
n00862399	an orienting response to light
n00862488	an orienting response to food
n00862595	an orienting response to warmth
n00862686	a locomotor response toward or away from an external stimulus by a motile (and usually simple) organism
n00862859	movement by a cell or organism in reaction to a chemical stimulus
n00863017	movement away from a chemical stimulus
n00863121	movement toward a chemical stimulus
n00863222	a movement that is a response to a stimulus but is not oriented with respect to the source of stimulation
n00863417	a delayed reaction indicating surprise
n00863513	an automatic instinctive unlearned reaction to a stimulus
n00864226	an acquired response that is under the control of (conditional on the occurrence of) a stimulus
n00864535	a reaction that has been acquired by learning
n00864680	a conditioned response that anticipates the occurrence of an aversive stimulus
n00864859	a reflex extension of the leg resulting from a sharp tap on the patellar tendon
n00865031	a complicated involuntary reaction to a sudden unexpected stimulus (especially a loud noise); involves flexion of most skeletal muscles and a variety of visceral reactions
n00865284	a normal reflex of young infants; a sudden loud noise causes the child to stretch out the arms and flex the legs
n00865471	a reflex response to sudden pain
n00865600	a bodily reaction of changing from one place or stage to another; "the passage of air from the lungs"; "the passing of flatus"
n00865808	reflex contraction of the sphincter muscle of the iris in response to a bright light (or certain drugs) causing the pupil to become smaller
n00866079	reflex pupillary dilation as a muscle pulls the iris outward; occurs in response to a decrease in light or certain drugs
n00866273	relaxation of the urethral sphincter in response to increased pressure in the bladder
n00866423	normal reflex consisting of retching; may be produced by touching the soft palate in the back of the mouth
n00866606	reflex erection of hairs of the skin in response to cold or emotional stress or skin irritation
n00866882	flexion of the toes when the sole of the foot is stroked firmly on the outer side from the heel to the front in persons over the age of 2 years; under 2 years the results should be extension of the toes (Babinski reflex)
n00867163	reflex consisting of head-turning and sucking movements elicited in a normal infant by gently stroking the side of the mouth or cheek
n00867357	a sudden involuntary movement; "he awoke with a start"
n00867606	reflex contraction of a muscle when an attached tendon is pulled; important in maintaining erect posture
n00867790	reflex behavior in newborn mammals; includes finding and grasping the nipple in the mouth and sucking on it and swallowing the milk
n00867983	a reflex motion caused by cold or fear or excitement
n00868196	the process of shedding tears (usually accompanied by sobs or other inarticulate sounds); "I hate to hear the crying of a child"; "she was in tears"
n00868523	whining in a tearful manner
n00868669	convulsive gasp made while weeping
n00868799	loud cries made while weeping
n00868910	the procedure of calculating; determining something by mathematical or logical methods
n00869260	(mathematics) the transfer of a quantity from one side of an equation to the other along with a change of sign
n00869467	performing complex and lengthy numerical calculations
n00869583	(mathematics) calculation by mathematical methods; "the problems at the end of the chapter demonstrated the mathematical processes involved in the derivation"; "they were learning the basic operations of arithmetic"
n00870101	the act of calculating again (usually to eliminate errors or to include additional data); "recalculation yielded a much larger value"
n00870312	the act of changing the arrangement of a given number of elements
n00870453	the act of arranging elements into specified groups without regard to order
n00870640	the mathematical process of obtaining the derivative of a function
n00870786	the mathematical process of finding the maximum value of a function
n00870912	an arithmetic operation that is the inverse of multiplication; the quotient of two numbers is computed
n00871123	the operation of division in which the sequence of steps are indicated in detail
n00871263	the operation of division in which the sequence of steps is performed without writing them out
n00871418	an operation used in the calculus whereby the integral of a function is determined
n00871576	an arithmetic operation that is the inverse of division; the product of two numbers is computed; "the multiplication of four by three gives twelve"; "four times three equals twelve"
n00871862	an arithmetic operation in which the difference between two numbers is calculated; "the subtraction of three from four leaves one"; "four minus three equals one"
n00872107	the arithmetic operation of summing; calculating the sum of two or more numbers; "the summation of four and three gives seven"; "four plus three equals seven"
n00872411	the process of raising a quantity to some assigned power
n00872541	a mathematical operation involving numbers
n00872722	a mathematical operation involving matrices
n00872900	the addition of matrices
n00872986	the multiplication of matrices
n00873084	determination of a matrix that when multiplied by the given matrix will yield a unit matrix
n00873238	the interchange of each row of a square matrix with the corresponding column
n00873381	drawing a figure satisfying certain conditions as part of solving a problem or proving a theorem; "the assignment was to make a construction that could be used in proving the Pythagorean theorem"
n00873671	the construction of a square having the same area as some other figure
n00873798	a method of solving simultaneous equations by guessing a solution and then reducing the errors that result by successive approximations until all the errors are less than some specified amount
n00874067	the act of judging or assessing a person or situation or event; "they criticized my judgment of the contestants"
n00874457	the final judgment in a legal proceeding; the act of pronouncing judgment based on the evidence presented
n00874621	the act of disapproving or condemning
n00874806	act of ascertaining or fixing the value or worth of
n00874977	evaluation of performance by assigning a grade or score; "what he disliked about teaching was all the grading he had to do"
n00875246	a judgment of the qualities of something or somebody; "many factors are involved in any estimate of human life"; "in my estimation the boy is innocent"
n00875519	an expert estimation of the quality, quantity, and other characteristics of someone or something
n00875671	a judgment of the logistic support required for some particular military operation
n00875838	an assessment that reveals more about the values of the person making the assessment than about the reality of what is assessed
n00876062	judgments about another person's morality; "he could not stand her hectoring moralism"
n00876239	tapping a part of the body for diagnostic purposes
n00876377	shaking a person to determine whether a large amount of liquid is present in a body cavity
n00876542	listening to sounds within the body (usually with a stethoscope)
n00876737	activity intended to achieve a particular sensory result
n00876874	becoming aware of something via the senses
n00877127	the act of directing the eyes toward something and perceiving it visually; "he went out to have a look"; "his look was fixed on her eyes"; "he gave it a good looking at"; "his camera does his looking for him"
n00877625	a quick look
n00877786	a radiant glance of the eye; "he pretended profundity by eye-beamings at people"
n00877924	a glance sideways; "she shot him an impatient side-glance"
n00878052	a prolonged intense look
n00878221	a secret look
n00878328	the act of squinting; looking with the eyes partly closed
n00878456	a fixed look with eyes open wide
n00878648	a long fixed look; "he fixed his paternal gaze on me"
n00878797	an angry stare
n00878926	a long and thoughtful observation
n00879037	a stare of amazement (usually with the mouth open)
n00879156	a look that is believed to have the power of inflicting harm
n00879271	a formal or official examination; "the platoon stood ready for review"; "we had to wait for the inspection before we could use the elevator"
n00879531	a new survey or study
n00879607	going about to look at places of interest
n00879759	the act of observing; taking a patient look
n00880046	the act of observing something (and sometimes keeping a record of it); "the monitoring of enemy communications plays an important role in war times"
n00880269	the act of observing; "several sightings of enemy troops were reported"
n00880431	the first sighting of land from the sea after a voyage (or flight over water)
n00880563	observation of the stars
n00880662	a purposeful surveillance to guard or observe
n00880893	surveillance of some place or some person by the police (as in anticipation of a crime)
n00881035	the ongoing systematic collection and analysis of data about an infectious disease that can lead to action being taken to control or prevent the disease
n00881257	a watch established for the reception of traffic of interest to the unit maintaining the watch
n00881441	keeping a secret or furtive watch
n00881545	the act of looking out
n00881649	the act of looking or seeing or observing; "he tried to get a better view of it"; "his survey of the battlefield was limited"
n00881914	a full view; a good look; "they wanted to see violence and they got an eyeful"
n00882045	British slang for a look
n00882159	the act of hearing attentively; "you can learn a lot by just listening"; "they make good music--you should give them a hearing"
n00882460	the act of hearing again
n00882554	perceiving what a person is saying by observing the movements of the lips
n00882702	a kind of sensing; distinguishing substances by means of the taste buds; "a wine tasting"
n00882961	the act of perceiving the odor of something
n00883139	sensing an odor by inhaling through the nose
n00883297	the activities of educating or instructing; activities that impart knowledge or skill; "he received no formal education"; "our instruction was carefully programmed"; "good classroom teaching is seldom rewarded"
n00884202	education of men and women in the same institutions
n00884311	a program of instruction designed primarily for adult students who participate part-time
n00884466	education imparted in a series of lessons or meetings; "he took a course in basket weaving"; "flirting is not unknown in college classes"
n00885088	work assigned to and done by a student during a course of study; usually it is evaluated as part of the student's grade in the course
n00885297	a course (via lectures or correspondence) for adults who are not otherwise engaged in formal study
n00885457	a class in which you learn to draw or paint
n00885574	a course that teaches pregnant women to use breathing and concentration and exercise techniques to use during labor
n00885764	an art class using a live human model
n00885858	education in elementary subjects (reading and writing and arithmetic) provided to young students at a grade school
n00886039	an educational opportunity provided by colleges and universities to people who are not enrolled as regular students
n00886272	educational activities not falling within the scope of the regular curriculum
n00886456	participation in theatrical productions as an extracurricular activity
n00886582	participation in sports events as an extracurricular activity
n00886699	education provided by a college or university
n00886807	education beyond the elementary grades; provided by a high school or college preparatory school
n00886968	a sport that many people find entertaining to watch
n00887081	the profession of a teacher; "he prepared for teaching while still in college"; "pedagogy is recognized as an important profession"
n00887544	a sport that involves competition between teams of players; "baseball is a team sport by golf is not"
n00887702	a method of coordinated classroom teaching involving a team of teachers working together with a single group of students
n00887882	oral religious instruction (as before baptism or confirmation)
n00888037	teaching religious principles by questions and answers
n00888162	teaching people to speak and understand a foreign language
n00888284	teaching beginners to read
n00888409	teaching reading by training beginners to associate letters with their sound values
n00888546	teaching reading by training beginners to associate printed words with spoken words
n00888693	the act of teaching at school
n00888796	teaching someone to accept doctrines uncritically
n00888960	forcible indoctrination into a new set of attitudes and beliefs
n00889082	teaching or impressing upon the mind by frequent instruction or repetition
n00889294	teaching pupils individually (usually by a tutor hired privately)
n00889472	a unit of instruction; "he took driving lessons"
n00889682	a lesson in dancing
n00889760	a lesson in performing music
n00889883	a lesson in playing the piano
n00889971	a less in playing the violin
n00890059	a lesson in playing tennis
n00890145	a lesson in playing golf
n00890227	a lesson in the facts of history
n00890320	a course offered (by mail) by a correspondence school
n00890441	a series of lectures dealing with a subject
n00890568	a course of study that is supervised and controlled by a specialist in the subject; "he registered for directed study"; "he got credit for directed study"; "he did directed study"
n00890808	a course that the student can select from among alternatives
n00890941	a course offered as part of an extension service
n00891071	an educational plan in which students alternate between paid employment and formal study
n00891224	a course of study carried out at home rather than in a classroom
n00891345	a course in the methods of using tools and machinery as taught in secondary schools and technical schools
n00891512	a course introducing a new situation or environment
n00891642	a course that provides an introduction to an art or science (or to more advanced study generally)
n00891850	a course that reviews and updates a topic for those who have not kept abreast of developments
n00892036	a course that all students are required to take
n00892145	a course offered for a small group of advanced students
n00892254	a course of instruction in a trade (as carpentry or electricity); "I built a birdhouse in shop"
n00892413	a brief intensive course for a small group; emphasizes problem solving
n00892538	teaching during sleep (as by using recordings to teach a foreign language to someone who is asleep)
n00892711	teaching in an overly simplified way that discourages independent thought
n00892861	teaching by giving a discourse on some subject (typically to a class)
n00893088	presentation of an example of what the lecturer is discoursing about
n00893243	the act of giving a talk to an audience; "I attended an interesting talk on local history"
n00893402	a talk that uses a blackboard and chalk
n00893498	the course of practice and exercise and diet undertaken by an athlete
n00893649	a method of athletic training (especially for runners) in which strenuous effort and normal effort alternate in a continuous exercise
n00893836	training to improve strength or self-control
n00893955	activity leading to skilled behavior
n00894359	(military) the training of soldiers to march (as in ceremonial parades) or to perform the manual of arms
n00894552	systematic training by multiple repetitions; "practice makes perfect"
n00894979	an exercise intended to train people in duties and escape procedures to be followed in case of fire
n00895135	(military) a prescribed drill in handling a rifle
n00895292	a position in the manual of arms; the rifle is held vertically on the right side with the butt on the ground; often used as a command
n00895501	training soldiers in military procedures
n00895680	the initial period of training for new military personnel; involves intense physical activity and behavioral discipline
n00895879	training for a new occupation
n00895983	the training of an animal (especially the training of a horse for dressage)
n00896114	teaching strategy to an athletic team
n00896228	training a young child to use the toilet
n00896348	training in marching and the use of weapons
n00896526	(military) military drill of troops in standard marching (shoulder-to-shoulder)
n00896688	drill on a barracks square
n00896832	(psychology) a form of practice; repetition of information (silently or aloud) in order to keep it in short-term memory
n00897026	a practice session in preparation for a public performance (as of a play or speech or concert); "he missed too many rehearsals"; "a rehearsal will be held the day before the wedding"
n00897365	a full uninterrupted rehearsal in costumes shortly before the first performance
n00897506	an uninterrupted rehearsal
n00897608	a first perfunctory rehearsal of a theatrical production in which actors read their lines from the script and move as directed
n00897811	practice intended to polish performance or refresh the memory
n00897989	a review that refreshes your memory; "I need a rub up on my Latin"
n00898127	(American football) practice play between a football team's squads
n00898286	sparring with an imaginary opponent (for exercise or training)
n00898425	practice in shooting at targets
n00898518	an activity that stands as an equivalent of something or results in an equivalent
n00898804	the act of representing something (usually on a smaller scale)
n00899049	the act of imitating the behavior of some situation or some process by means of something suitably analogous (especially for the purpose of study or personnel training)
n00899292	a dramatic representation
n00899501	dramatization of a social issue; enacted outside in a park or on the street
n00899657	a stilted dramatic performance (as if by puppets)
n00899761	an elaborate representation of scenes from history etc; usually involves a parade with rich costumes
n00899927	representing figuratively as by emblem or allegory
n00900070	the act of representing something with a symbol
n00900207	providing a chart or outline of a system
n00900375	visual representation as by photography or painting
n00900581	the act of representing by a type or symbol; the action of typifying
n00900726	representation by drawing or painting etc
n00900957	the activity of making portraits
n00901083	(medicine) obtaining pictures of the interior of the body
n00901316	obtaining images by the use of X rays
n00901476	a method of examining body organs by scanning them with X rays and using a computer to construct a series of cross-sectional scans along a single axis
n00901789	using the reflections of high-frequency sound waves to construct an image of a body organ (a sonogram); commonly used to observe fetal growth or study bodily organs
n00902108	the use of ultrasonography to measure the length of the eyeball
n00902240	the use of ultrasonography to view structure in the back of the eye
n00902376	using a computerized radiographic technique to examine the metabolic activity in various tissues (especially in the brain)
n00902579	the use of nuclear magnetic resonance of protons to produce proton density images
n00902757	a form of magnetic resonance imaging of the brain that registers blood flow to functioning areas of the brain
n00902975	functional magnetic resonance imaging that relies on intrinsic changes in hemoglobin oxygenation
n00903201	examination of body structures using a fluoroscope
n00903309	(radiology) examination of the inner structure of opaque objects using X rays or other penetrating radiation
n00903559	the act of taking and printing photographs
n00904428	photography that uses other kinds of radiation than visible light
n00904623	radiography that uses X-rays to produce a roentgenogram
n00904904	forming an image by the action of light on a specially coated charged plate; the latent image is developed with powders that adhere only to electrically charged areas; "edge enhancement is intrinsic in xerography"
n00905192	radiography using X-rays and xerographic (rather than roentgenographic) techniques
n00905336	roentgenographic examination of blood vessels after injection of a radiopaque contrast medium; produces an angiogram
n00905528	roentgenographic examination of lymph nodes and lymph vessels after injection of a radiopaque contrast medium; produces a lymphangiogram
n00905742	roentgenographic examination of arteries
n00905842	roentgenographic examination of a joint after injection of radiopaque contrast medium; produces an arthrogram
n00906046	roentgenographic examination of veins
n00906140	roentgenographic examination of the bile ducts after a contrast medium has been injected
n00906290	roentgenography of the brain after spinal fluid has been replaced by a gas (usually oxygen); produces an encephalogram
n00906470	roentgenography of the spinal cord to detect possible lesions (usually after injection of a contrast medium into the subarachnoid space)
n00906664	roentgenography of the kidney and ureters (usually after injection with a radiopaque dye)
n00906829	performing pyelography with intravenous injection of a contrast medium
n00906975	photography using a telephoto lens
n00907071	transmission and reproduction of photographs and charts and pictures over a distance
n00907235	transmission of photographs by radio waves
n00907340	the act of exposing film to light
n00907500	the act of exposing film to too much light or for too long a time
n00907642	the act of exposing film to too little light or for too short a time
n00907788	exposure of a film for a relatively long time (more than half a second)
n00907919	the act of making a film
n00908133	the act of photographing a scene or part of a scene without interruption
n00908292	a shot or scene that is photographed again
n00908405	the making of animated cartoons
n00908492	the human act of creating
n00908772	the act of creating again
n00908909	the act of creating something that is different from the materials that went into it
n00909193	creating thread
n00909281	creating fabric
n00909386	creating nets
n00909471	creating knitted wear
n00909565	creating a garment of needlework
n00909672	the act or art of making handmade lace
n00909796	act or process of minting coins
n00909899	the act of creating something by casting it in a mold
n00910070	work (such as sewing or embroidery) that is done with a needle
n00910203	the act of making a record (especially an audio record); "she watched the recording from a sound-proof booth"
n00910533	combining audio and video recording in such a way that the sound is perfectly synchronized with the action that produced it; especially synchronizing the movements of a speaker's lips with the sound of his speech
n00910856	the act of making a master recording from which copies can be made; "he received a bill for mastering the concert and making 100 copies"
n00911048	the act of constructing something; "during the construction we had to take a detour"; "his hobby was the building of boats"
n00911572	the action of constructing ramparts with gaps for firing guns or arrows
n00911752	the act of building or putting up
n00911905	construction by a group of neighbors
n00912001	the act of constructing something (as a piece of machinery)
n00912165	the activity of building stone walls without mortar
n00912274	the act of taking something apart (as a piece of machinery); "Russia and the United States discussed the dismantling of their nuclear weapons"
n00912576	changing the ground level to a smooth horizontal or gently sloping surface
n00912733	the construction of roads
n00912822	the construction of ships
n00912960	the act or process of producing something; "Shakespeare's production of poetry was enormous"; "the production of white blood cells"
n00913274	the construction of masonry or brickwork in a rustic manner
n00913427	small-scale industry that can be carried on at home by family members using their own equipment
n00913585	the creation of value or wealth by producing goods and services
n00913705	(economics) manufacturing or mining or growing something (usually in large quantities) for sale; "he introduced more efficient methods of production"
n00914182	the production of large quantities of a standardized article (often using assembly line techniques)
n00914343	too much production or more than expected
n00914509	inadequate production or less than expected
n00914632	production of a certain amount
n00914795	the maximum production possible; "the plant is working at 80 per cent capacity"
n00914929	the production of animals or plants by inbreeding or hybridization
n00915140	the production of malt beverages (as beer or ale) from malt and hops by grinding and boiling them and fermenting the result with yeast
n00915347	(especially of domestic fowl) breeding to reveal differential sex characteristics at hatching
n00915497	breeding cattle
n00915574	breeding dogs
n00915646	breeding horses
n00915722	(agriculture) production of food by preparing the land to grow crops (especially on a large scale)
n00916023	the act of raising or growing plants (especially on a large scale)
n00916147	rearing aquatic animals or cultivating aquatic plants for food
n00916285	the cultivation of bees on a commercial scale for the production of honey
n00916464	the practice of cultivating the land or raising stock
n00917211	breeding and caring for farm animals
n00917614	the cultivation of tree for the production of timber
n00917759	the raising of plants or animals; "the culture of oysters"
n00917961	the cultivation of cranberries
n00918055	the cultivation of a single crop (on a farm or area or country)
n00918176	the cultivation of soil for raising crops
n00918289	the business of a dairy
n00918383	the cultivation of plants
n00918644	tilling the land with a plow; "he hired someone to do the plowing for him"
n00918820	cultivation of the land in order to raise crops
n00918976	a technique of growing plants (without soil) in water containing dissolved nutrients
n00919201	a hydroponic method of growing plants by allowing nutrient solutions to drip slowly onto an inert medium in which the plants are growing
n00919396	growing crops and feed and livestock all on the same farm
n00919513	putting seeds or young plants in the ground to grow; "the planting of corn is hard work"
n00919692	the act of sowing (of seeds in the ground or, figuratively, of germs in the body or ideas in the mind, etc.)
n00919877	the placing of seeds in damp sand or sawdust or peat moss in order to preserve them or promote germination
n00920062	farming for the raising of livestock (particularly cattle)
n00920211	cultivation of crops in strips following the contours of the land to minimize erosion
n00920357	farming that provides for the basic needs of the farmer without surpluses for marketing
n00920510	(biology) the growing of microorganisms in a nutrient medium (such as gelatin or agar); "the culture of cells in a Petri dish"
n00920727	a culture containing yeast or bacteria that is used to start the process of fermentation or souring in making butter or cheese or dough; "to make sourdough you need a starter"
n00920956	the introduction of animals or plants to places where they flourish but are not indigenous
n00921160	working as a landscape gardener
n00921289	the growing of vegetables or flowers for market
n00921399	the cultivation of flowering plants
n00921530	treatment of damaged or decaying trees
n00921627	the activity of gathering livestock together so that they can be counted or branded or sold
n00921790	the season for gathering crops
n00921926	the season for cutting and drying and storing grass as fodder
n00922054	activity intended to produce rain
n00922144	the production of heat or electricity; "dams were built for the generation of electricity"
n00922327	the act of extracting ores or coal etc from the earth
n00922727	mining valuable minerals from a placer by washing or dredging
n00922848	the mining of ore or coal from an open mine
n00922968	the extraction of building stone or slate from an open surface quarry
n00923130	the act of drilling a hole in the earth in the hope of producing petroleum
n00923303	the production of raw silk by raising silkworms
n00923444	the organized action of making of goods and services for sale; "American industry is making increased use of computers to control production"
n00923802	the development of industry on an extensive scale
n00923995	the act that results in something coming to be; "the devising of plans"; "the fashioning of pots and pans"; "the making of measurements"; "it was already in the making"
n00924438	the production of foil by cutting or beating metal into thin leaves
n00924579	the making of maps and charts
n00924714	the production of movies
n00924825	the act of making something (a product) from raw materials; "the synthesis and fabrication of single crystals"; "an improvement in the manufacture of explosives"; "manufacturing is vital to Great Britain"
n00925207	the act of fabricating something in a particular shape
n00925489	the act of using a file (as in shaping or smoothing an object)
n00925622	shaping metal by heating and hammering
n00925732	the activity of making things out of metal in a skillful manner
n00925866	the act of forming something into granules or grains; "the granulation of medicines"
n00926026	the cutting of spiral grooves on the inside of the barrel of a firearm
n00926179	the activity of shaping something on a lathe
n00926277	deliberately ambiguous and contradictory language use to mislead and manipulate the public; "the welfare state brought its own newspeak"
n00926468	the manufacture of sections of a building at the factory so they can be easily and rapidly assembled at the building site
n00926668	the act of creating something (a medicine or drink or soup etc.) by compounding or mixing a variety of components
n00926923	bonding thin sheets together
n00927062	making leather from rawhide
n00927161	the act of applying veneer
n00927261	the act of creating something by thinking
n00927516	creation by mental activity; "the formation of sentences"; "the formation of memories"
n00927694	formation of a word by means of an affix
n00927845	formation of a word by means of a prefix
n00927961	formation of a word by means of a suffix
n00928077	the act of working out the form of something (as by making a sketch or outline or plan); "he contributed to the design of a new instrument"
n00928371	the act or process of drawing up plans or layouts for some project or enterprise
n00928542	determining and drawing up plans for the future physical arrangement and condition of a community
n00928751	dividing an area into zones or sections reserved for different purposes such as residence and business and manufacturing etc
n00928947	creating a sequence of instructions to enable the computer to do something
n00929285	creating a program that enables the computer to reason logically
n00929432	creating a program that can use and support objects
n00929586	creating something by the use of speech and language
n00929718	the act of creating written works; "writing was a form of therapy for him"; "it was a matter of disputed authorship"
n00930481	fine writing in praise of trivial or base subjects; "Elizabethan schoolboys were taught adoxography, the art of eruditely praising worthless things"; "adoxography is particularly useful to lawyers"
n00930736	writing a first version to be filled out and polished later
n00930868	conversion into dramatic form; "the play was a dramatization of a short story"
n00931040	writing in a fictional form
n00931217	the writing of history
n00931300	writing a metrical composition (or the metrical structure of a composition)
n00931453	converting something into the form of a novel
n00931608	the act of putting something in writing
n00931721	the act of writing dictionaries
n00931847	making real or giving the appearance of reality
n00932088	the act of representing an abstraction as a physical thing
n00932298	representing a human being as a physical thing deprived of personal qualities or individuality; "according to Marx, treating labor as a commodity exemplified the reification of the individual"
n00932624	embodying in an outward form
n00932804	regarding something abstract as a material thing
n00933000	giving concrete form to an abstract concept
n00933154	the human embodiment of something; "the soul of honor"
n00933259	the act of attributing human characteristics to abstract ideas etc.
n00933420	the creation of beautiful or significant things; "art does not need to be innovative to be good"; "I was never any good at art"; "he said that architecture is the art of wasting space beautifully"
n00935005	the arts of decorative design and handicraft; "they sponsored arts and crafts in order to encourage craftsmanship in an age of mass production"
n00935247	the art of making and decorating pottery
n00935453	the art of transfering designs from specially prepared paper to a wood or glass or metal surface
n00935608	the act of gently pouring off a clear liquor (as from its original bottle) without disturbing the lees
n00935786	the art of decorating a surface with shapes or pictures and then coating it with vanish or lacquer
n00935940	the creation of artistic pictures or diagrams; "he learned drawing from his father"
n00936194	carving or engraving (especially on stones)
n00936296	the art and practice of choosing and preparing and eating good food
n00936456	the Japanese art of folding paper into shapes representing objects (e.g., flowers or birds)
n00936620	creating a picture with paints; "he studied painting and sculpture for many years"
n00936901	a method of painting in which the pigments are mixed with water and a binder; used for painting posters or murals or stage scenery
n00937105	a durable method of painting on a wall by using watercolors on wet plaster
n00937250	painting that applies the pigment thickly so that brush or palette knife marks are visible
n00937394	the art of making perfumes
n00937476	artistic design and manufacture of prints as woodcuts or silkscreens
n00937656	creating figures or designs in three dimensions
n00937895	a preliminary sculpture in wax or clay from which a finished work can be copied
n00938134	making decorative shapes by trimming shrubs or trees
n00938240	the act of producing drawings on wood or leather by using heated tools or a fine flame
n00938419	the act of drawing a plan or diagram or outline
n00938538	the art or method of painting with oil paints
n00938642	the art or technique of painting with watercolors
n00938791	making engraved or etched plates and printing designs from them
n00938992	the act of engraving on a steel plate
n00939091	a method of etching that imitates the broad washes of a water color
n00939231	the act of making a print by the silkscreen method
n00939338	the act of making a lithographic print
n00939452	musical creation
n00939628	the act of arranging and adapting a piece of music
n00939818	the act of arranging a piece of music for an orchestra and assigning parts to the different musical instruments
n00940043	the completion or enrichment of a piece of music left sparsely notated by a composer
n00940217	(music) the repetition of themes introduced earlier (especially when one is composing the final part of a movement)
n00940412	the act of inventing
n00940560	the act of inventing a word or phrase
n00940709	the act of devising something
n00940842	inventing or contriving an idea or explanation and formulating it mentally
n00941140	ideas or actions intended to deal with a problem or situation; "his approach to every problem is to draw up a list of pros and cons"; "an attack on inflation"; "his plan of attack was misguided"
n00941451	formulation of the plans and important details; "the framing of judicial decrees"
n00941604	a line of approach; "they explored every avenue they could think of"; "it promises to open new avenues to understanding"
n00941777	the act of creating by removing something
n00941974	the act of digging; "there's an interesting excavation going on near Princeton"
n00942234	removing parts from hard material to create a desired pattern or shape
n00942440	a carving or line drawing on rock (especially one made by prehistoric people)
n00942574	the replacement of an edge or solid angle (as in cutting a gemstone) by a plane (especially by a plane that is equally inclined to the adjacent faces)
n00942799	the act of drilling
n00942900	the act of gouging
n00942988	the act of puncturing or perforating
n00943187	(surgery) the act of puncturing a body cavity or organ with a hollow needle in order to draw out fluid
n00943471	centesis of the belly to remove fluid for diagnosis
n00943600	(pregnancy) extraction by centesis of amniotic fluid from a pregnant woman (after the 15th week of pregnancy) to aid in the diagnosis of fetal abnormalities
n00943861	removal of fluid from a joint by centesis
n00943963	removal of fluid from the abdomen by centesis
n00944068	removal by centesis of fluid from the subarachnoid space of the lumbar region of the spinal cord for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes
n00944296	removal of fluid from the chest by centesis for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes
n00944456	prenatal diagnosis that allows direct observation of a fetus in the uterus and the withdrawal of fetal blood
n00944633	the act of punching a hole (especially a row of holes as for ease of separation)
n00944789	the act of puncturing with a small point; "he gave the balloon a small prick"
n00944965	(medicine) puncture of a vein through the skin in order to withdraw blood for analysis or to start an intravenous drip or to inject medication or a radiopaque dye
n00945205	the activity of selecting the scenes to be shown and putting them together to create a film
n00945401	the activity of looking thoroughly in order to find something or someone
n00945777	a careful systematic search
n00945916	the act of searching for food and provisions
n00946060	the act of searching someone for concealed weapons or illegal drugs; "he gave the suspect a quick frisk"
n00946281	searching someone for concealed weapons or illegal drugs by having them remove their clothes
n00946432	the act of searching visually
n00946529	an organized search (by police) for a person (charged with a crime)
n00946650	the act of searching for something; "a quest for diamonds"
n00946806	a thorough search for something (often causing disorder or confusion); "he gave the attic a good rummage but couldn't find his skis"
n00947041	an exploratory action or expedition
n00947128	the act of using; "he warned against the use of narcotic drugs"; "skilled in the utilization of computers"
n00947596	utilization or exercise; "the play of the imagination"
n00947719	improper or excessive use; "alcohol abuse"; "the abuse of public funds"
n00947923	excessive use of drugs
n00948064	excessive use of alcohol and alcoholic drinks
n00948206	the act of making some area of land or water more profitable or productive or useful; "the development of Alaskan resources"; "the exploitation of copper deposits"
n00948640	making an area of land more useful
n00948737	making an area of water more useful
n00948868	the act of processing used or abandoned materials for use in creating new products
n00949042	collecting bottles for reuse
n00949134	the act of bringing something to bear; using it for a particular purpose; "he advocated the application of statistics to the problem"; "a novel application of electronics to medical diagnosis"
n00949516	wrong use or application
n00949619	the practical application of science to commerce or industry
n00949948	the activity of designing and constructing aircraft
n00950070	the activity of designing and constructing automobiles
n00950217	the activity of applying chemistry to the solution of practical problems
n00950356	the activity of designing and constructing and maintaining communication systems
n00950526	the design and construction of communications technology that transmits information in digital form
n00950705	the activity of designing and constructing and programming computers
n00950858	highly advanced technological development (especially in electronics)
n00951037	the activity of designing and constructing and operating railroads
n00951233	high-speed rail technology; train is suspended on a magnetic cushion above a magnetized track and so travels free of friction
n00951433	exploitation to the point of diminishing returns
n00951626	the act of capitalizing on an opportunity
n00951781	the act of commercializing something; involving something in commerce; "my father considered the commercialization of Christmas to be a sacrilege"; "the government tried to accelerate the commercialization of this development"; "both companies will retain control over the commercialization of their own products"
n00952214	an estimation of the value of a business
n00952386	an estimation of the value of a business that is obtained by multiplying the number of shares outstanding by the current price of a share
n00952615	the act of providing electricity; "the electrification of rural Tennessee"
n00952787	the joint development of a petroleum resource that straddles territory controlled by different companies
n00952963	a military engagement; "he saw action in Korea"
n00953280	a war whose objective is less than the unconditional defeat of the enemy
n00953410	the use of psychological tactics to destroy the opponents' morale
n00953559	a hostile meeting of opposing military forces in the course of a war; "Grant won a decisive victory in the battle of Chickamauga"; "he lost his romantic ideas about war when he got into a real engagement"
n00954086	a war measure that isolates some area of importance to the enemy
n00954311	(military) military action or resources protecting a country against potential enemies; "they died in the defense of Stalingrad"; "they were developed for the defense program"
n00954751	military action involving the use of electromagnetic energy to determine or exploit or reduce or prevent hostile use of the electromagnetic spectrum
n00955060	activity by a military or naval force (as a maneuver or campaign); "it was a joint operation of the navy and air force"
n00955565	a military operation carried out cooperatively by two or more allied nations or a military operation carried out by coordination of sea, land, and air forces
n00955806	a local military action without declaration of war; against violators of international peace and order
n00955987	the military action of resisting the enemy's advance; "the enemy offered little resistance"
n00956172	the ostentatious display of military power (with the implied threat that it might be used)
n00956340	any catastrophically destructive battle; "they called the first World War an Armageddon"
n00956485	a fierce battle fought in close combat between troops in predetermined positions at a chosen time and place
n00958477	a pitched battle between naval fleets
n00958896	an open clash between two opposing groups (or individuals); "the harder the conflict the more glorious the triumph"--Thomas Paine; "police tried to control the battle between the pro- and anti-abortion mobs"
n00959376	a minor short-term fight
n00959537	hand-to-hand fighting at close quarters
n00959645	an awkward clash; "he tried to smooth over his contretemps with the policeman"
n00959800	conflict between social or economic classes (especially between the capitalist and proletariat classes)
n00959992	a military training exercise
n00960192	defensive measures designed to destroy attacking enemy aircraft or missiles or to nullify their effectiveness
n00960395	air defense by the use aircraft or missiles or artillery or electronic countermeasures
n00960546	air defense by the use of deception or dispersion or protective construction
n00960688	activities organized by civilians for their own protection in time of war or disaster
n00960851	a defensive effort; "the army made a final stand at the Rhone"
n00961001	the act of repulsing or repelling an attack; a successful defensive stand
n00961177	a defense organized while in contact with the enemy or when time is limited
n00961328	a defense organized before contact is made with the enemy and while time for organization is available; usually includes a fortified zone (with pillboxes) and communication systems
n00961594	procedures involved in taking defensive measures against attacks using biological agents
n00961794	procedures involved in taking defensive measures against attacks using chemical agents
n00961962	laying explosive mines in concealed places to destroy enemy personnel and equipment
n00962129	organized opposition to authority; a conflict in which one faction tries to wrest control from another
n00962567	a war between factions in the same country
n00962722	the overthrow of a government by those who are governed
n00963057	a revolution whose aim is to reverse the changes introduced by a previous revolution
n00963241	an organized rebellion aimed at overthrowing a constituted government through the use of subversion and armed conflict
n00963447	an uprising by Palestinian Arabs (in both the Gaza Strip and the West Bank) against Israel in the late 1980s and again in 2000; "the first intifada ended when Israel granted limited autonomy to the Palestine National Authority in 1993"
n00963749	actions taken by a government to defeat insurgency
n00963896	open rebellion against constituted authority (especially by seamen or soldiers against their officers)
n00964105	a widespread rebellion in 1381 against poll taxes and other inequities that oppressed the poorer people of England; suppressed by Richard II
n00964343	an engagement fought between two military forces
n00964569	violent action that is hostile and usually unprovoked
n00964781	fighting; acts of overt warfare; "the outbreak of hostilities"
n00964952	a type of armed combat in which the opposing troops fight from trenches that face each other; "instead of the war ending quickly, it became bogged down in trench warfare"
n00965183	any action resulting in injury or destruction; "the meat grinder of politics destroyed his reputation"; "allied forces crumbled before the Wehrmacht meat grinder"
n00965404	an act of aggression (as one against a person who resists); "he may accomplish by craft in the long run what he cannot do by force and violence in the short one"
n00965718	violence or physical abuse directed toward your spouse or domestic partner; usually violence by men against women
n00965895	the act of stealing valuable things from a place; "the plundering of the Parthenon"; "his plundering of the great authors"
n00966294	the practice of plundering in gangs
n00966384	the act of despoiling a country in warfare
n00966504	the stealing of cattle
n00966599	plundering during riots or in wartime
n00966718	an act that despoils the innocence or beauty of something
n00966869	the act of stripping and taking by force
n00967157	plundering with excessive damage and destruction
n00967310	an act of plundering and pillaging and marauding
n00967446	the plundering of a place by an army or mob; usually involves destruction and slaughter; "the sack of Rome"
n00967622	warfare using chemical agents to kill or injure or incapacitate the enemy
n00967780	the use of bacteria or viruses or toxins to destroy men and animals or food
n00967993	defense against biological warfare
n00968155	several related operations aimed at achieving a particular goal (usually within geographical and temporal constraints)
n00968479	a military campaign designed to achieve a specific objective in a foreign country
n00968715	any of the more or less continuous military expeditions in the 11th to 13th centuries when Christian powers of Europe tried to recapture the Holy Land from the Muslims
n00969087	a Crusade from 1096 to 1099; captured Jerusalem and created a theocracy there
n00969225	a Crusade from 1145 to 1147 that failed because of internal disagreements among the crusaders and led to the loss of Jerusalem in 1187
n00969421	a Crusade from 1189 to 1192 led by Richard I and the king of France that failed because an army torn by dissensions and fighting on foreign soil could not succeed against forces united by religious zeal
n00969684	a Crusade from 1202 to 1204 that was diverted into a battle for Constantinople and failed to recapture Jerusalem
n00969858	a Crusade under papal control from 1218 to 1221 that achieved military victories but failed when dissension arose over accepting the terms they had been offered
n00970079	a Crusade from 1228 to 1229 led by the Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II who fell ill and was excommunicated by the Pope; by negotiation Frederick II was able to crown himself king of Jerusalem
n00970331	a Crusade initiated in 1248 after the loss of Jerusalem in 1244 and defeated in 1249
n00970478	an operation conducted primarily by naval forces in order to gain or extend or maintain control of the sea
n00970645	an operation that is assigned by a higher headquarters; "the planes were on a bombing mission"
n00970903	a mission to capture or defend something
n00971004	a mission to discover something
n00971096	an operation developed for United States troops in Vietnam; troops would move through a designated area destroying troops as they found them
n00971309	a military action in which besieged troops burst forth from their position
n00971463	a military operation (often involving new supplies of men and materiel) to strengthen a military force or aid in the performance of its mission; "they called for artillery support"
n00971802	a violent fight between dogs (sometimes organized illegally for entertainment and gambling)
n00971984	close-in firing by one unit against an enemy engaged by another unit
n00972112	a mission requiring one force to support another specific force and authorizing it to answer directly the supported force's request for assistance
n00972319	an amphibious operation conducted for the purpose of deceiving the enemy and leading him into a course of action unfavorable to him
n00972521	an amphibious diversionary attack
n00972621	(military) an offensive against an enemy (using weapons); "the attack began at dawn"
n00973077	the waging of armed conflict against an enemy; "thousands of people were killed in the war"
n00974111	an attack by armed planes on a surface target
n00974224	an aerial engagement between fighter planes
n00974358	an attack by ground troops
n00974444	close fighting during the culmination of a military attack
n00974630	a direct and violent assault on a stronghold
n00974762	an impetuous rush toward someone or something; "the wrestler's charge carried him past his adversary"; "the battle began with a cavalry charge"
n00974994	a retaliatory charge
n00975074	a mass attack of troops without concern for casualties; originated by Japanese who accompanied it with yells of `banzai'
n00975270	an attack calculated to draw enemy defense away from the point of the principal attack
n00975452	an attack that penetrates into enemy territory
n00975658	the action of penetrating between or among
n00975781	a swift and violent military offensive with intensive aerial bombardment
n00975955	a penetration of a barrier such as an enemy's defense
n00976085	(American football) defensive players try to break through the offensive line
n00976270	(American football) a play in which a defensive player is allowed to cross the line of scrimmage and then blocked off as the runner goes through the place the lineman vacated
n00976531	the act of invading; the act of an army that invades for conquest or plunder
n00976698	a process in which individuals (or small groups) penetrate an area (especially the military penetration of enemy positions without detection)
n00976953	a sudden short attack
n00977132	an invasion or hostile attack
n00977214	a very rapid raid
n00977301	an attack that is intended to seize or inflict damage on or destroy an objective; "the strike was scheduled to begin at dawn"
n00977551	the initial use of nuclear weapons to attack a country that also has nuclear weapons; considered feasible only when the attacker can destroy the other country's ability to retaliate; "the Pakistani president promised no first strike against India"
n00977857	an attack (usually without prior warning) intended to deal only with a specific target
n00978005	a strike that is carried out in order to deter expected aggression by hostile forces
n00978173	an attack by a defending force against an attacking enemy force in order to regain lost ground or cut off enemy advance units etc.
n00978413	an attack by dropping bombs
n00978580	the act (or an instance) of subjecting a body or substance to the impact of high-energy particles (as electrons or alpha rays)
n00978764	that part of the flight that begins with the approach to the target; includes target acquisition and ends with the release of the bombs
n00978993	an extensive and systematic bombing intended to devastate a large target
n00979180	a bombing run in which the bomber releases the bomb while flying straight toward the target
n00979348	a bombing run in which the bomber approaches the target at a low altitude and pulls up just before releasing the bomb
n00979557	a special case of loft bombing in which the bomb is released past the vertical so it is tossed back to the target
n00979742	the use of bombs for sabotage; a tactic frequently used by terrorists
n00979902	a terrorist bombing carried out by someone who does not hope to survive it
n00980038	the action of attacking an enemy
n00980200	a large scale offensive (more than a counterattack) undertaken by a defending force to seize the initiative from an attacking force
n00980394	an offensive conducted by secret police or the military of a regime against revolutionary and terrorist insurgents and marked by the use of kidnapping and torture and murder with civilians often being the victims; "thousands of people disappeared and were killed during Argentina's dirty war in the late 1970s"
n00980779	the act of forcing the enemy to withdraw
n00980904	the activity of keeping the peace by military forces (especially when international military forces enforce a truce between hostile groups or nations)
n00981180	a military operation by both land and sea forces
n00981369	an amphibious operation attacking a land base that is carried out by troops that are landed by naval ships
n00981711	the act of collecting information
n00981830	the operation of gathering information about an enemy
n00982153	intelligence of all types and forms of immediate interest; usually disseminated without delays for evaluation or interpretation
n00982347	intelligence that is required for the planning and conduct of tactical operations
n00982536	tactical intelligence on the natural and man-made characteristics of an area
n00982679	intelligence that is required for forming policy and military plans at national and international levels
n00982852	intelligence information gathered from communications intelligence or electronics intelligence or telemetry intelligence
n00983102	intelligence derived from electromagnetic radiations from foreign sources (other than radioactive sources)
n00983287	technical and intelligence information derived from foreign communications by other than the intended recipients
n00983482	intelligence derived from the interception and processing and analysis of foreign telemetry
n00983651	an intelligence operation so planned and executed as to insure concealment
n00983811	a clandestine rescue operation to bring a defector or refugee or an operative and family out of danger
n00983982	military actions designed to influence the perceptions and attitudes of individuals, groups, and foreign governments
n00984195	an intelligence operation so planned as to permit plausible denial by the sponsor
n00984357	a covert operation not attributable to the organization carrying it out
n00984490	the collection of intelligence openly without concealment
n00984609	the act of reconnoitring (especially to gain information about an enemy or potential enemy); "an exchange of fire occurred on a reconnaissance mission"
n00985008	reconnaissance (by shortening)
n00985106	exploring in order to gain information; "scouting in enemy territory is very dangerous"
n00985356	reconnaissance either by visual observation from the air or through the use of airborne sensors
n00985516	a method of reconnaissance in which fire is placed on a suspected enemy position in order to cause the enemy to disclose his presence by moving or returning fire
n00985746	an offensive operation designed to discover or test the enemy's strength (or to obtain other information)
n00985921	a quick look around (originally military slang); "take a shufti while you're out there"
n00986080	the detection and identification and evaluation and location of foreign electromagnetic radiations (other than radioactive)
n00986275	intelligence activities concerned with identifying and counteracting the threat to security posed by hostile intelligence organizations or by individuals engaged in espionage or sabotage or subversion or terrorism
n00986663	the aspect of counterintelligence designed to detect and prevent subversive activities
n00986813	counterintelligence designed to detect and counteract sabotage
n00986938	the act of firing weapons or artillery at an enemy; "hold your fire until you can see the whites of their eyes"; "they retreated in the face of withering enemy fire"
n00987775	firing at enemy aircraft
n00987863	the heavy fire of artillery to saturate an area rather than hit a specific target; "they laid down a barrage in front of the advancing troops"; "the shelling went on for hours without pausing"
n00988177	the simultaneous firing of all the armament on one side of a warship
n00988320	rapid simultaneous discharge of firearms; "our fusillade from the left flank caught them by surprise"
n00988556	fire delivered on a specific target in response to a request from the supported unit
n00988696	fire on enemy troops or weapons or positions that are near the supported unit and are the most immediate and serious threat to it
n00988893	fire that makes it difficult for the enemy to fire on your own individuals or formations; "artillery provided covering fire for the withdrawal"
n00989122	fire on objectives not in the immediate vicinity of your forces but with the objective of destroying enemy reserves and weapons and interfering with the enemy command and supply and communications
n00989385	fire delivered in support of part of a force (as opposed to general supporting fire delivered in support of the force as a whole)
n00989583	fire from two or more weapons directed at a single target or area (as fire by batteries of two or more warships)
n00989773	fire intended to neutralize or destroy enemy weapons
n00989937	fire delivered to neutralize or destroy indirect fire weapon systems
n00990071	bombardment intended to destroy or neutralize enemy weapons
n00990195	mortar fire intended to destroy or neutralize enemy weapons
n00990319	intensive prearranged fire delivered when the immanence of enemy attack is discovered
n00990474	fire from two or more points so that the lines of fire cross
n00990590	fire delivered for the sole purpose of destroying material objects
n00990719	fire delivered on a target that is visible to the person aiming it
n00990843	fire dispersed so as to engage effectively an area target
n00990963	fire that injures or kills an ally
n00991070	fire that injures or kills an enemy
n00991164	fire approximately parallel to the ground; the center of the cone of fire does rise above 1 meter from the ground
n00991336	fire designed to disturb the rest of enemy troops and to curtail movement and to lower enemy morale
n00991496	fire delivered on a target that is not itself used as the point of aim for the weapons
n00991642	fire directed to an area to prevent the enemy from using that area
n00991772	fire that is delivered in order to render the target ineffective or unusable
n00991914	fire for which the point of impact (the burst) can be seen by an observer; fire can be adjusted on the basis of the observations
n00992102	fire delivered on a target in preparation for an assault
n00992221	gunfire aimed a target that is being tracked by radar
n00992331	use of chemical analysis to estimate the age of geological specimens
n00992544	geological dating that relies on the proportions of radioactive potassium in a rock sample and its decay product, argon
n00992732	a chemical analysis used to determine the age of organic materials based on their content of the radioisotope carbon-14; believed to be reliable up to 40,000 years
n00992995	geological dating based on the proportions of radioactive rubidium into its decay product strontium; radioactive rubidium has a half-life of 47,000,000,000 years
n00993228	fire delivered to obtain accurate data for subsequent effective engagement of targets
n00993377	prearranged fire delivered at a predetermined time
n00993488	moving over territory to search for something; "scouring the entire area revealed nothing"
n00993651	fire distributed in depth by successive changes in the elevation of the gun
n00993787	a very thorough search of a person or a place; "a shakedown by the police uncovered the drugs"
n00993956	fire delivered by supporting units to protect or assist a unit in combat
n00994144	fire on or about a weapon system to degrade its performance below what is needed to fulfill its mission objectives
n00994321	fire for which the point of impact (the bursts) cannot be observed
n00994449	fire delivered by artillery
n00994623	intense and continuous artillery fire
n00994745	fire from a cannon that is fired at an elevation greater than that for the maximum range
n00994895	artillery fire delivered by a mortar
n00994989	artillery or mortar fire delivered in a constant direction at several quadrant elevations
n00995134	electronic warfare undertaken to prevent or reduce an enemy's effective use of the electromagnetic spectrum
n00995356	electronic warfare undertaken to insure effective friendly use of the electromagnetic spectrum in spite of the enemy's use of electronic warfare
n00995588	electronic warfare undertaken under direct control of an operational commander to locate sources of radiated electromagnetic energy for the purpose of immediate threat recognition
n00995855	the deliberate insertion of electromagnetic energy into transmission paths with the objective of confusing or deceiving operators
n00996056	the use of harmful bacteria as a weapon
n00996180	the use of information or information technology during a time of crisis or conflict to achieve or promote specific objectives over a specific adversary or adversaries; "not everyone agrees that information warfare is limited to the realm of traditional warfare"
n00996513	a holy struggle or striving by a Muslim for a moral or spiritual or political goal
n00996673	a holy war waged by Muslims against infidels
n00996817	a war in which the major nations of the world are involved
n00996969	the act or process of assigning numbers to phenomena according to a rule; "the measurements were carefully done"; "his mental measurings proved remarkably accurate"
n00998037	measuring the intensity of electromagnetic radiation (especially of the sun's rays)
n00998196	measuring sensitivity to pain or pressure
n00998329	recording anemometrical measurements
n00998423	measuring wind speed and direction
n00998514	the precise measurement of angles
n00998604	measurement and study of the human body and its parts and capacities
n00998768	measurement of the pH level and the oxygen and carbon dioxide concentrations in arterial blood; important in diagnosis of many respiratory diseases
n00998982	measuring sensitivity of hearing
n00999089	measuring the depths of the oceans
n00999245	the act of checking or adjusting (by comparison with a standard) the accuracy of a measuring instrument; "the thermometer needed calibration"
n00999588	(music) calibrating something (an instrument or electronic circuit) to a standard frequency
n00999787	the act of adjusting something to match a standard
n01000068	the act of adjusting or aligning the parts of a device in relation to each other
n01000276	the accurate adjustment of the line of sight of a telescope
n01000411	an adjustment of the intervals (as in tuning a keyboard instrument) so that the scale can be used to play in different keys
n01000610	the division of the scale based on an octave that is divided into twelve exactly equal semitones; "equal temperament is the system commonly used in keyboard instruments"
n01000843	the adjustment of a radio receiver or other circuit to a required frequency
n01000969	adjustments made to an engine to improve its performance
n01001097	an adjustment that causes something to occur or recur in unison
n01001344	the alignment of the wheels of a motor vehicle closer together at the bottom than at the top
n01001489	the alignment of the front wheels of a motor vehicle closer together at the front than at the back
n01001640	the act of adjusting an organ pipe (or wind instrument) so that it conforms to the standards of tone and pitch and color
n01001814	measurement of quantities of heat
n01001923	measurement of human heads
n01002008	measuring the optical density of a substance by shining light on it and measuring its transmission
n01002165	measuring the dose of radiation emitted by a radioactive source
n01002284	measurement of a fetus (especially the diameter of the head)
n01002413	the measurement of specific gravity
n01002554	measurement of the elevation of land above sea level
n01002677	a generic term used to cover any application of measurement techniques to the quantification of mental functions
n01002872	measuring with a micrometer
n01002956	the act of making and recording a measurement
n01003113	measurement of the dimensions of the bony birth canal (to determine whether vaginal birth is possible)
n01003272	measurement of the properties of light (especially luminous intensity)
n01003435	the study of chemical compounds inside a cell by means of a cytophotometer
n01003570	the act of discovering or expressing the quantity of something
n01003729	the act of arranging in grades
n01003936	a gradation involving small or imperceptible differences between grades
n01004072	the act of moving away in different direction from a common point; "an angle is formed by the divergence of two straight lines"
n01004377	measurement of the amount of radioactive material (usually carbon 14) that an object contains; can be used to estimate the age of the object
n01004582	the act of measuring with meters or similar instruments; "he has a job meter reading for the gas company"
n01004775	measurement at regular intervals of the amplitude of a varying waveform (in order to convert it to digital form)
n01004961	the act of measuring depth of water (usually with a sounding line)
n01005100	locating a source of sound (as an enemy gun) by measurements of the time the sound arrives at microphones in known positions
n01005284	act of measuring or arranging or adjusting according to a scale
n01005473	the use of a spirometer to measure vital capacity
n01005579	the practice of measuring angles and distances on the ground so that they can be accurately plotted on a map; "he studied surveying at college"
n01005814	the act of scaling in weight or quantity or dimension
n01005957	estimation of the amount of lumber in a log
n01006054	diagnosis of neuromuscular disorders with the use of an electromyograph
n01006188	a diagnostic procedure to detect breast tumors by the use of X rays
n01006313	diagnostic technique using a thermograph to record the heat produced by different parts of the body; used to study blood flow and to detect tumors
n01006536	the use of thermography to detect breast tumors (which appear as hot spots)
n01006675	any standardized procedure for measuring sensitivity or memory or intelligence or aptitude or personality etc; "the test was standardized on a large sample of students"
n01007053	a psychometric test of intelligence; "they used to think that intelligence is what an intelligence test tests"
n01007273	revision of the Binet-Simon Scale
n01007372	the first intelligence test
n01007463	any test that is intended to assess personality
n01007609	any personality test designed to yield information about someone's personality on the basis of their unrestricted response to ambiguous objects or situations
n01007907	a projective tests using bilaterally symmetrical inkblots; subjects state what they see in the inkblot
n01008097	a projective technique using black-and-white pictures; subjects tell a story about each picture
n01008271	one of a battery of related tests
n01008378	the activity or result of distributing or disposing persons or things properly or methodically; "his organization of the work force was very efficient"
n01008801	an arrangement of events that attempts to achieve a maximum effect; "the skillful orchestration of his political campaign"
n01009001	a deliberately haphazard arrangement of observations so as to simulate chance
n01009190	systematic organization; the act of organizing something according to a system or a rationale
n01009507	the act of codifying; arranging in a systematic order
n01009637	the act of making formal (as by stating formal rules governing classes of expressions)
n01009871	the act of putting things in a sequential arrangement; "there were mistakes in the ordering of items on the list"
n01010245	an arrangement according to rank
n01010334	the act of arranging in a graduated series
n01010458	the action of following in order; "he played the trumps in sequence"
n01010684	successive change from one thing or state to another and back again; "a trill is a rapid alternation between the two notes"
n01010901	the act of laying out (as by making plans for something)
n01011028	the act of putting in alphabetical order
n01011166	the act of making a list of items
n01011425	making an itemized list of merchandise or supplies on hand; "an inventory may be necessary to see if anything is missing"; "they held an inventory every month"
n01011720	an instance of stocktaking; "the auditor did not attend the stocktake or check the valuations"
n01011883	calling out an official list of names
n01012030	a call of names of those receiving mail
n01012125	a call of the names of personnel at a military assembly
n01012257	a call of students' names in a classroom
n01012360	the activity of putting things together in groups
n01012608	the grouping of musical phrases in a melodic line
n01012712	the act of distributing things into classes or categories of the same type
n01013156	the act of classifying and providing an index in order to make items easier to retrieve
n01013316	classifying something again (usually in a new category)
n01013434	the act of assigning (someone or something) to a particular class or category
n01013604	the act or process or arranging persons into classes or social strata
n01013770	practice of classifying plants and animals according to their presumed natural relationships
n01013971	classification according to general type
n01014066	the act of gathering something together
n01014490	the act of collecting in a mass; the act of agglomerating
n01014607	assembling in proper numerical or logical sequence
n01014731	the act of compiling (as into a single book or file or list); "the job of compiling the inventory took several hours"
n01014990	the act of gathering something
n01015175	gathering to a center
n01015310	the gathering of a ripened crop
n01015477	the harvesting of hay
n01015551	the activity of collecting bottles; "bottle collection is a hobby of hers"
n01015689	the collection and study of mollusc shells
n01015843	the collection and removal of garbage
n01015996	the collection and study of money (and coins in particular)
n01016201	the act or process of picking up or collecting from various places; "garbage pickup is on Mondays and Thursdays"
n01016420	the collection and study of postage stamps
n01016628	the collection and study of airmail stamps
n01016748	the collection of taxes
n01016832	grouping by class or kind or size
n01016973	the act of organizing as a territory
n01017167	sorting and allocating aid on the basis of need for or likely benefit from medical treatment or food
n01017320	the act of bearing the weight of or strengthening; "he leaned against the wall for support"
n01017550	the act of propping up with shores
n01017701	the act of suspending something (hanging it from above so it moves freely); "there was a small ceremony for the hanging of the portrait"
n01017987	the act of continuing an activity without interruption
n01018366	the act of prolonging something; "there was an indefinite prolongation of the peace talks"
n01018630	the act of doing or performing again
n01018951	(psychiatry) mechanical and meaningless repetition of the words of another person (as in schizophrenia)
n01019129	doing or saying again; a repeated performance
n01019248	repetition of an act needlessly
n01019372	the act of repeating over and again (or an instance thereof)
n01019524	an act of copying
n01019703	the act of copying or making a duplicate (or duplicates) of something; "this kind of duplication is wasteful"
n01019901	the act of making copies; "Gutenberg's reproduction of holy texts was far more efficient"
n01020117	the immediate rebroadcast of some action (especially sports action) that has been recorded on videotape
n01020362	the reproduction of sound
n01020488	the reproduction of sound with little or no distortion
n01020628	the capacity of a system to reproduce loud sounds without distortion
n01020770	the act of reproducing recorded sound; "he was allowed to hear the playback of his testimony"
n01020936	copying (or trying to copy) the actions of someone else
n01021119	an imitation or repetition; "the flower arrangement was created as an echo of a client's still life"
n01021270	effort to equal or surpass another
n01021396	the resemblance of an animal species to another species or to natural objects; provides concealment and protection from predators
n01021579	the act of persisting or persevering; continuing or repeating behavior; "his perseveration continued to the point where it was no longer appropriate"
n01021889	the act of abiding (enduring without yielding)
n01022008	the continuance of something begun with a view to its completion
n01022178	something that survives
n01022292	something that has survived from the past; "a holdover from the sixties"; "hangovers from the 19th century"
n01022483	the act of discontinuing or breaking off; an interruption (temporary or permanent)
n01022824	the discontinuation of a franchise; especially the discontinuation of the right to vote
n01022992	the act by a donor that terminates the right of a person to inherit
n01023138	the act or instance of a planned discontinuation
n01023242	(law) a proceeding that permits a person to enter into a lawsuit already in progress; admission of person not an original party to the suit so that person can protect some right or interest that is allegedly affected by the proceedings; "the purpose of intervention is to prevent unnecessary duplication of lawsuits"
n01023636	a mode of conducting legal and parliamentary proceedings
n01023820	a particular course of action intended to achieve a result; "the procedure of obtaining a driver's license"; "it was a process of trial and error"
n01024392	a procedure employed by medical or dental practitioners
n01024547	a procedure employed by a dentist
n01024643	(genetics) the process of locating genes on a chromosome
n01024811	a procedure for operating something or for dealing with a given situation
n01024968	a prescribed procedure to be followed routinely; "rote memorization has been the educator's standard operating procedure for centuries"
n01025254	a standard procedure that is followed mindlessly; "the union's support had been in lockstep for years"
n01025411	the act of becoming stiff; "stiffening his shoulders, he prepared to advance"
n01025563	needlessly time-consuming procedure
n01025678	(law) a procedure whereby a party to a suit says that a particular line of questioning or a particular witness or a piece of evidence or other matter is improper and should not be continued and asks the court to rule on its impropriety or illegality
n01026020	(law) an objection grounded on the judge's relationship to one of the parties
n01026191	indirect procedure or action; "he tried to find out by indirection"
n01026316	a long and complicated and confusing procedure; "all that academic rigmarole was a waste of time"
n01026482	an unvarying or habitual method or procedure
n01026633	an exhausting routine that leaves no time for relaxation
n01026744	a settled and monotonous routine that is hard to escape; "they fell into a conversational rut"
n01026897	any activity that is performed in an especially solemn elaborate or formal way; "the ceremony of smelling the cork and tasting the wine"; "he makes a ceremony of addressing his golf ball"; "he disposed of it without ceremony"
n01027231	an ancient ritual for preparing and serving and drinking tea
n01027379	the proper or conventional behavior on some solemn occasion; "an inaugural ceremony"
n01027662	a ceremonial purification of the Roman population every five years following the census
n01027859	any customary observance or practice
n01028082	a ceremony having religious meaning
n01028381	a military custom performed in observance of some event or anniversary
n01028534	a religious meal shared as a sign of love and fellowship
n01028655	the activity of worshipping
n01029114	the elevation of a person (as to the status of a god)
n01029323	worship of ancestors
n01029406	an established ceremony prescribed by a religion; "the rite of baptism"
n01029671	the rite of staying awake for devotional purposes (especially on the eve of a religious festival)
n01029883	a vigil held over a corpse the night before burial; "there's no weeping at an Irish wake"
n01030033	a vigil before certain feasts (as e.g. Easter)
n01030152	rites performed in connection with a death or burial
n01030280	secret rite in the cults of ancient Greek or Roman deities involving singing and dancing and drinking and sexual activity
n01030488	offensive terms for the practices and rituals of the Roman Catholic Church
n01030642	the practice of quoting from books or plays etc.; "since he lacks originality he must rely on quotation"
n01030820	the prescribed procedure for conducting religious ceremonies
n01031023	exaggerated emphasis on the importance of rites or ritualistic forms in worship
n01031194	the act of circumcising performed on males eight days after birth as a Jewish and Muslim religious rite
n01031392	the Jewish rite of circumcision performed on a male child on the eighth day of his life
n01031563	going without clothes as a social practice
n01031705	the habitual practice of systematization and classification
n01031858	the practice of adopting the clothes or the manner or the sexual role of the opposite sex
n01032040	the act of public worship following prescribed rules; "the Sunday service"
n01032368	a service conducted in a house of worship; "don't be late for church"
n01032810	a short religious service
n01032892	a service at which people sing hymns and pray together
n01033024	a service conducted in a place of worship that has its own altar; "he was late for chapel"
n01033184	a rite or body of rites prescribed for public worship
n01033345	the Christian worship services
n01033458	a religious rite or service prescribed by ecclesiastical authorities; "the offices of the mass"
n01033714	canonical prayers recited daily by priests (e.g. the breviary of the Roman Catholic Church)
n01033903	a Roman Catholic office honoring the Virgin Mary; similar to but shorter than the Divine Office
n01034077	an office read or sung before a burial mass in the Roman Catholic Church
n01034233	service committing a body to the grave; "the committal service will be held next Monday"
n01034385	a service in the Roman Catholic Church formerly read or chanted at 3 PM (the ninth hour counting from sunrise) but now somewhat earlier
n01034571	a late afternoon or evening worship service
n01034685	(Roman Catholic Church) vespers of the office for the dead
n01034816	a devotional service (especially on New Year's Eve)
n01034925	a formal religious ceremony conferring a specific grace on those who receive it; the two Protestant ceremonies are baptism and the Lord's Supper; in the Roman Catholic Church and the Eastern Orthodox Church there are seven traditional rites accepted as instituted by Jesus: baptism and confirmation and Holy Eucharist and penance and holy orders and matrimony and extreme unction
n01035504	the traditional Passover supper of Jesus with his disciples on the eve of his crucifixion
n01035667	(Judaism) the ceremonial dinner on the first night (or both nights) of Passover
n01035853	a Christian sacrament commemorating the Last Supper by consecrating bread and wine
n01036194	the part of the Eucharist when bread and wine are offered to God
n01036333	the act of participating in the celebration of the Eucharist; "the governor took Communion with the rest of the congregation"
n01036624	participation in Holy Communion by members of more than one church (eg Catholic and Orthodox)
n01036778	the act of becoming betrothed or engaged
n01036903	the ceremony or sacrament of marriage
n01036996	the act of marrying; the nuptial ceremony; "their marriage was conducted in the chapel"
n01037294	a ritual performed in some cultures at times when an individual changes status (as from adolescence to adulthood)
n01037469	archaic terms for a wedding or wedding feast
n01037577	a marriage performed by a government official rather than by a clergyman
n01037710	a marriage for love's sake; not an arranged marriage
n01037819	a Christian sacrament signifying spiritual cleansing and rebirth; "most churches baptize infants but some insist on adult baptism"
n01038147	the act of baptizing someone by pouring water on their head
n01038261	the act of sprinkling water in baptism (rare)
n01038375	giving a Christian name at baptism
n01038485	a form of baptism in which part or all of a person's body is submerged
n01038629	baptism by immersion three times (in the names in turn of the Trinity)
n01038761	a sacrament admitting a baptized person to full participation in the church
n01038895	a ceremony held in the synagogue (usually at Pentecost) to admit as adult members of the Jewish community young men and women who have successfully completed a course of study in Judaism
n01039140	a Catholic sacrament; repentance and confession and atonement and absolution
n01039307	(Roman Catholic Church) the act of a penitent disclosing his sinfulness before a priest in the sacrament of penance in the hope of absolution
n01039560	the act of being shriven
n01039637	a Catholic sacrament; a priest anoints a dying person with oil and prays for salvation
n01039822	the sacrament of ordination
n01039925	a religious ceremony in which something is made holy
n01040128	(Roman Catholic Church) an act of the Pope who declares that a deceased person lived a holy life and is worthy of public veneration; a first step toward canonization
n01040390	(Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox Church) the act of admitting a deceased person into the canon of saints
n01040646	(religion) sanctification of something by setting it apart (usually with religious rites) as dedicated to God; "the Cardinal attended the consecration of the church"
n01040943	loyalty and commitment to the interests of your own minority or ethnic group rather than to society as a whole
n01041111	a solemn commitment of your life or your time to some cherished purpose (to a service or a goal); "his consecration to study"
n01041349	the act of offering the bread and wine of the Eucharist
n01041498	the act of contributing to the funds of a church or charity; "oblations for aid to the poor"
n01041674	anointing as part of a religious ceremony or healing ritual
n01041835	the act of pouring a liquid offering (especially wine) as a religious ceremony
n01041968	the act of communicating with a deity (especially as a petition or in adoration or contrition or thanksgiving); "the priest sank to his knees in prayer"
n01042242	(Roman Catholic Church and Protestant Churches) the celebration of the Eucharist
n01042465	a solemn and elaborate Mass with music
n01042578	a Mass recited without music
n01042661	a Mass celebrated for the dead
n01042764	(usually plural) religious observance or prayers (usually spoken silently); "he returned to his devotions"
n01042998	(Hinduism) loving devotion to a deity leading to salvation and nirvana; open to all persons independent of caste or sex
n01043189	a Roman Catholic devotion consisting of prayers on nine consecutive days
n01043333	(Roman Catholic Church) a devotion consisting of fourteen prayers said before a series of fourteen pictures or carvings representing successive incidents during Jesus' passage from Pilate's house to his crucifixion at Calvary
n01043693	the act of praying for divine protection
n01043820	the act of worshiping blindly and to excess
n01043989	the worship given to God alone
n01044084	the worship of idols; the worship of images that are not God
n01044268	the idolization of William Shakespeare
n01044363	the worship of sacred images
n01044448	religious zeal; the willingness to serve God
n01044761	the worship of yourself
n01044867	the worship of the Bible
n01044983	the worship of words
n01045091	the worship of symbols
n01045202	the worship of human beings
n01045306	the worship of women
n01045413	the worship of a lord because of his rank or title
n01045520	the worship of miracles
n01045621	the worship of places
n01045714	the worship of trees
n01045807	the worship of planets or stars
n01045924	the worship of the cosmos
n01046006	the acts or rites of worshiping devils
n01046167	the worship of fire
n01046257	the worship of saints
n01046348	the worship of the sun
n01046441	the worship of animals
n01046571	the worship of fish
n01046664	the worship of a single god but without claiming that it is the only god
n01046792	the worship of snakes
n01046888	the worship of the moon
n01046984	the activity of causing to have energy and be active
n01047191	the activity of thrilling or markedly exciting some person or group
n01047338	bringing again into activity and prominence; "the revival of trade"; "a revival of a neglected play by Moliere"; "the Gothic revival in architecture"
n01047803	the revival of learning and culture
n01047937	the activity of spiritual or physical renewal
n01048059	a revival from inactivity and disuse; "it produced a resurrection of hope"
n01048210	the act of reviving a person and returning them to consciousness; "although he was apparently drowned, resuscitation was accomplished by artificial respiration"
n01048466	the activity of giving vitality and vigour to something
n01048697	the activity of formally presenting something (as a prize or reward); "she gave the trophy but he made the presentation"
n01048912	the activity of keeping something secret
n01049266	the act of concealing the identity of something by modifying its appearance; "he is a master of disguise"
n01049475	activity that tries to conceal something; "no mask could conceal his ignorance"; "they moved in under a mask of friendship"
n01049685	the act of concealing the existence of something by obstructing the view of it; "the cover concealed their guns from enemy aircraft"
n01049992	a false identity and background (especially one created for an undercover agent); "her new name and passport are cover for her next assignment"
n01050187	concealment that attempts to prevent something scandalous from becoming public
n01050356	the secrecy of police officers who lie or look the other way to protect other police officers; "the blue wall cracked when some officers refused to take part in the cover-up"
n01050627	concealing something under the ground
n01050763	the act of burying again
n01050872	an action intended to conceal or confuse or obscure; "requesting new powers of surveillance is just a smokescreen to hide their failures"
n01051082	avoiding detection by moving carefully
n01051221	concealing the source of illegally gotten money
n01051331	the act of putting something in a certain place
n01051801	the act of positioning close together (or side by side); "it is the result of the juxtaposition of contrasting colors"
n01052078	the careful juxtaposition of shapes in a pattern; "a tessellation of hexagons"
n01052215	the act or fact of interposing one thing between or among others
n01052372	the act of orienting
n01052450	the act of fixing firmly in place; "he ordered the planting of policemen outside every doorway"
n01052618	the act of planting or setting in the ground
n01052739	the act of placing in a new position
n01052853	the act of putting something in position; "he gave a final set to his hat"
n01053067	the placement of one thing on top of another
n01053207	the placement of the fingers for playing different notes (or sequences of notes) on a musical instrument
n01053404	(geometry) the placement of one object ideally in the position of another one in order to show that the two coincide
n01053617	continuing or remaining in a place or state; "they had a nice stay in Paris"; "a lengthy hospital stay"; "a four-month stay in bankruptcy court"
n01053920	the act of dwelling in a place
n01054227	the act of lodging
n01054335	an act of being a tenant or occupant
n01054545	the act of dwelling in or living permanently in a place (said of both animals and men); "he studied the creation and inhabitation and demise of the colony"
n01054876	the act of living together and having a sexual relationship (especially without being married)
n01055065	cohabitation without being legally married
n01055165	the act of encamping and living in tents in a camp
n01055360	a temporary stay (e.g., as a guest)
n01055493	a visit in an official or professional capacity; "the pastor's calls on his parishioners"; "the salesman's call on a customer"
n01055688	(often plural) a series of professional calls (usually in a set order); "the doctor goes on his rounds first thing every morning"; "the postman's rounds"; "we enjoyed our round of the local bars"
n01055954	a brief social visit; "senior professors' wives no longer make afternoon calls on newcomers"; "the characters in Henry James' novels are forever paying calls on each other, usually in the parlor of some residence"
n01056236	the activity of making visits; "the purpose was to promote homes, clubs, visiting, and other services"
n01056411	a brief stay in the course of a journey; "they made a stopover to visit their friends"
n01056713	a break in a journey for the night
n01056804	a brief stop at a pit during an automobile race to take on fuel or service the car
n01056941	a stop during an automobile trip for rest and refreshment
n01057053	a stop made by a touring musical or theatrical group to give a performance; "a one-night stand"
n01057200	the activity of supplying or providing something
n01057631	supplying dry land with water by means of ditches etc
n01057759	the act of supplying food and nourishment
n01058049	feeding an infant
n01058181	feeding a baby or animal whenever it shows a need
n01058291	feeding that consists of the delivery of a nutrient solution (as through a nasal tube) to someone who cannot or will not eat
n01058539	feeding consisting of delivering liquid nutrients through a tube passing through the nose and into the stomach
n01058715	feeding a nutrient solution into the stomach through a tube through a surgically created opening
n01058870	nourishing at the breast
n01058983	administration of nutrients through a vein
n01059096	excessive feeding
n01059189	feeding someone (as a baby) from a spoon
n01059306	feeding a baby or animal according to a fixed schedule (e.g., every 4 hours)
n01059445	administration of a nutritionally adequate solution through a catheter into the vena cava; used in cases of long-term coma or severe burns or severe gastrointestinal syndromes
n01059719	the activity of supplying or taking on fuel
n01059900	the preservation of mental and physical health by preventing or treating illness through services offered by the health profession
n01060101	the provision of health care
n01060234	the act of providing an item for general use or for official purposes (usually in quantity); "a new issue of stamps"; "the last issue of penicillin was over a month ago"
n01060530	(corporation law) the authorization and delivery of shares of stock for sale to the public or the shares thus offered at a particular time
n01060745	handling an operation that involves providing labor and materials be supplied as needed
n01060924	the act of supplying something
n01061029	the activity of supplying a stock of something; "he supervised the stocking of the stream with trout"
n01061203	the act or process of providing aid or help of any sort
n01061333	the act of demanding; "the kidnapper's exorbitant demands for money"
n01061526	act of demanding or levying by force or authority; "exaction of tribute"; "exaction of various dues and fees"
n01061726	unjust exaction (as by the misuse of authority); "the extortion by dishonest officials of fees for performing their sworn duty"
n01061945	demand for something as rightful or due; "they struck in support of their claim for a shorter work day"
n01062136	demand for payment in accordance with an insurance policy
n01062255	a gradual depletion of energy or resources; "a drain on resources"; "a drain of young talent by emigration"
n01062468	depletion or loss of intellectual and technical personnel
n01062583	being inactive; being less active
n01062817	temporary inactivity
n01062997	a pause from doing something (as work); "we took a 10-minute break"; "he took time out to recuperate"
n01063234	a week or more of recess during the spring term at school
n01063350	the act of pausing uncertainly; "there was a hesitation in his speech"
n01063578	the act of suspending activity temporarily
n01063697	an interruption or temporary suspension of progress or movement; "a halt in the arms race"; "a nuclear freeze"
n01063939	the act of waiting (remaining inactive in one place while expecting something); "the wait was an ordeal for him"
n01064148	freedom from activity (work or strain or responsibility); "took his repose by the swimming pool"
n01064468	confinement to bed continuously (as in the case of some sick or injured persons)
n01064613	relaxed and easy activity; "the laziness of the day helped her to relax"
n01064758	a long stay in bed in the morning
n01064863	quiet and inactive restfulness
n01065057	inactivity that is passive and monotonous, comparable to the inactivity of plant life; "their holiday was spent in sleep and vegetation"
n01065286	freedom to choose a pastime or enjoyable activity; "he lacked the leisure for golf"
n01065441	having no employment
n01065607	carefree idleness
n01065687	time that is free from duties or responsibilities
n01065805	the act of taking a vacation
n01065945	a holiday where you do the same things you do at work
n01066061	the practice of taking holidays in a caravan
n01066163	the act of delaying; inactivity resulting in something being put off until a later time
n01066545	detention of a ship or freight car or other cargo beyond its scheduled time of departure
n01066689	a delay in enforcing rights or claims or privileges; refraining from acting; "his forbearance to reply was alarming"
n01066881	act of putting off to a future time
n01067070	the act of postponing to another time or place
n01067192	discontinuation of the meeting (of a legislative body) without dissolving it
n01067362	the act of procrastinating; putting off or delaying or defering an action to a later time
n01067577	the act of slowing down or falling behind
n01067819	the deliberate act of delaying and playing instead of working
n01068012	(law) a tactic for delaying or obstructing legislation by making long speeches
n01068184	the action of interjecting or interposing an action or remark that interrupts
n01068423	the act of tarrying
n01068528	an instance of sudden interruption
n01068633	shouting to interrupt a speech with which you disagree
n01068773	act or practice of refraining from indulging an appetite
n01069012	rigorous self-denial and active self-restraint
n01069125	abstaining from sexual relations (as because of religious vows)
n01069311	(Christianity) the act of mortifying the lusts of the flesh by self-denial and privation (especially by bodily pain or discomfort inflicted on yourself)
n01069578	the act of denying yourself; controlling your impulses
n01069777	abstaining from excess
n01069867	abstaining from alcohol
n01069980	abstaining from food
n01070187	the act of restricting your food intake (or your intake of particular foods)
n01070432	control of the flow of traffic in a building or a city
n01070566	the control of traffic by a policeman stationed at an intersection
n01070708	control (by agreement among producers or by government) of the price of a commodity in interstate commerce
n01070892	(psychology) the conscious exclusion of unacceptable thoughts or desires
n01071090	the act of tolerating something
n01071213	lightening a penalty or excusing from a chore by judges or parents or teachers
n01071411	leniency and compassion shown toward offenders by a person or agency charged with administering justice; "he threw himself on the mercy of the court"
n01071746	an activity that affords enjoyment; "he puts duty before pleasure"
n01071921	an activity that affords excessive pleasure and enjoyment
n01072072	act of receiving pleasure from something
n01072236	the passionate and demonstrative activity of expressing grief
n01072402	the activity of laughing; the manifestation of joy or mirth or scorn; "he enjoyed the laughter of the crowd"
n01072565	act of fulfilling a desire or need or appetite; "the satisfaction of their demand for better services"
n01072780	the act or an instance of satisfying
n01072984	the act of achieving full gratification
n01073097	the act of satisfying your own desires and giving yourself pleasure
n01073241	the act of indulging or gratifying a desire
n01073556	the act of one who pleases
n01073655	excessive indulgence; "the child was spoiled by overindulgence"
n01073824	any act of immoderate indulgence; "an orgy of shopping"; "an emotional binge"; "a splurge of spending"
n01073995	the act of hindering or obstructing or impeding
n01074252	(biochemistry) interference in or inhibition of the physiological action of a chemical substance by another having a similar structure
n01074498	the act of obstructing; "obstruction of justice"
n01074694	the act of blocking
n01074970	the interdiction of a nation's lines of communication at sea by the use of naval power
n01075117	the action of an armed force that surrounds a fortified place and isolates it while continuing to attack
n01075567	the act of freeing a city or town that has been besieged; "he asked for troops for the relief of Atlanta"
n01075725	a tactic used to mislead or delay
n01075893	stalling or delaying especially by refusing to answer questions or cooperate
n01076046	the act of stopping something; "the third baseman made some remarkable stops"; "his stoppage of the flow resulted in a flood"
n01076359	the act or process of complicating
n01076488	the act or process of discouraging actions or preventing occurrences by instilling fear or doubt or anxiety
n01076724	the act of discouraging; "the discouragement of petty theft"
n01076863	the military doctrine that an enemy will be deterred from using nuclear weapons as long as he can be destroyed as a consequence; "when two nations both resort to nuclear deterrence the consequence could be mutual destruction"
n01077190	(military) a tunnel dug to defeat similar activities by the enemy
n01077350	the act of preventing; "there was no bar against leaving"; "money was allocated to study the cause and prevention of influenza"
n01077738	the act of preventing something from occurring; "averting danger was his responsibility"
n01077881	the act of prevention by legal means; "they achieved his debarment from holding public office"
n01078086	the act of preventing someone from participating by finding them unqualified
n01078279	the act of intercepting; preventing something from proceeding or arriving; "he resorted to the interception of his daughter's letters"; "he claimed that the interception of one missile by another would be impossible"
n01078572	the prevention of something increasing or spreading (especially the prevention of an increase in the number of countries possessing nuclear weapons); "they protested that the nonproliferation treaty was just a plot to maintain the hegemony of those who already had nuclear weapons"; "nuclear disarmament and nonproliferation are closely related goals"
n01079042	the act of preventing something by anticipating and disposing of it effectively
n01079295	the prevention of disease
n01079396	(sports) the act of preventing the opposition from scoring; "the goalie made a brilliant save"; "the relief pitcher got credit for a save"
n01079604	forceful prevention; putting down by power or authority; "the suppression of heresy"; "the quelling of the rebellion"; "the stifling of all dissent"
n01079951	the minimization of tax liability by lawful methods
n01080062	(law) the disqualification of a judge or jury by reason of prejudice or conflict of interest; a judge can be recused by objections of either party or judges can disqualify themselves
n01080366	action taken by a group of people
n01081197	activity considered appropriate on social occasions
n01081346	the practice of communal living and common ownership
n01081456	the act of forming an alliance or confederation
n01081628	the act of consorting with or joining with others; "you cannot be convicted of criminal guilt by association"
n01081867	associating with others in a brotherly or friendly way; especially with an enemy
n01082061	the act of becoming formally connected or joined; "welcomed the affiliation of the research center with the university"
n01082274	affiliation anew
n01082350	the action of people mingling and coming into contact; "all the random mingling and idle talk made him hate literary parties"
n01082548	the action of changing from colonial to independent status
n01082720	the act of disbanding; "the orchestra faced the prospect of disbandment"
n01082886	the act terminating an established state of affairs; especially ending a connection with the Church of England
n01083077	the act of distributing or spreading or apportioning
n01083350	distributing again; "the revolution resulted in a redistribution of wealth"
n01083504	the act of dispensing (giving out in portions)
n01083645	the act of distributing by allotting or apportioning; distribution according to a plan; "the apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives is based on the relative population of each state"
n01084180	a new apportionment (especially a new apportionment of congressional seats in the United States on the basis of census results)
n01084489	a redistribution of something; "there was a reshuffle of cabinet officers"
n01084637	the act of apportioning or distributing something; "the captain was entrusted with the deal of provisions"
n01084848	a reapportioning of something
n01084932	the act of rationing; "during the war the government imposed rationing of food and gasoline"
n01085098	the allotment of some amount by dividing something; "death gets more than its share of attention from theologians"
n01085337	the act of distributing playing cards; "the deal was passed around the table clockwise"
n01085567	an incorrect deal
n01085656	distribution of part of the federal tax income to states and municipalities
n01085793	a distribution in shares
n01085937	acting generously
n01086081	the act of giving
n01086356	the act of conferring an honor or presenting a gift
n01086572	the act of granting rights; "the accordance to Canada of rights of access"
n01086744	the act of endowing with a permanent source of income; "his generous endowment of the laboratory came just in the nick of time"
n01086945	governmental provision of economic assistance to persons in need; "she lives on welfare"
n01087178	government provision for unemployed, injured, or aged people; financed by contributions from employers and employees as well as by government revenue
n01087498	social insurance program in Britain; based on contributions from employers and employees; provides payments to unemployed and sick and retired people as well as medical services
n01087740	benefits paid to bring incomes up to minimum levels established by law
n01087939	social welfare program in the U.S.; includes old-age and survivors insurance and some unemployment insurance and old-age assistance
n01088168	aid for the aged or indigent or handicapped; "he has been on relief for many years"
n01088304	money received from the state
n01088437	payment by a United States agency to unemployed people
n01088563	insurance paid to the elderly
n01088656	insurance paid to surviving spouses
n01088757	social insurance for the disabled
n01088857	social insurance for the ill and injured
n01089009	health care for the aged; a federally administered system of health insurance available to persons aged 65 and over
n01089179	health care for the needy; a federally and state-funded program
n01089297	health care that is provided by a health care professional in the first contact of a patient with the health care system
n01089483	voluntary promotion of human welfare
n01089635	an activity or gift that benefits the public at large
n01089778	act of giving in common with others for a common purpose especially to a charity
n01090018	a pledged contribution
n01090117	money or goods contributed to the poor
n01090225	making voluntary contributions to aid the poor
n01090342	giving money or food or clothing to a needy person
n01090446	transactions (sales and purchases) having the objective of supplying commodities (goods and services)
n01091905	the commercial exchange (buying and selling on domestic or international markets) of goods and services; "Venice was an important center of trade with the East"; "they are accused of conspiring to constrain trade"
n01092315	trade that is conducted legally
n01092403	trade that satisfies certain criteria on the supply chain of the goods involved, usually including fair payment for producers; often with other social and environmental considerations
n01092643	international trade free of government interference
n01092769	an agreement for free trade between the United States and Canada and Mexico; became effective in 1994 for ten years
n01092974	commerce conducted electronically (as on the internet)
n01093085	reciprocal transfer of equivalent sums of money (especially the currencies of different countries); "he earns his living from the interchange of currency"
n01093380	act of exchanging one type of money or security for another
n01093532	conversion of an investment trust into a unit investment trust
n01093666	disposing of money or property with the expectation that the same thing (or an equivalent) will be returned
n01093855	the act of lending money at an exorbitant rate of interest
n01093965	a kind of hedged investment meant to capture slight differences in price; when there is a difference in the price of something on two different markets the arbitrageur simultaneously buys at the lower price and sells at the higher price
n01094293	arbitrage involving risk; as in the simultaneous purchase of stock in a target company and sale of stock in its potential acquirer; if the takeover fails the arbitrageur may lose a great deal of money
n01094575	a corporation's first offer to sell stock to the public
n01094725	the activity of providing goods and services involving financial and commercial and industrial aspects; "computers are now widely used in business"
n01095753	activity undertaken as part of a commercial enterprise
n01095966	a business especially one run on a large scale; "a large-scale farming operation"; "a multinational operation"; "they paid taxes on every stage of the operation"; "they had to consolidate their operations"
n01096245	the volume of commercial activity; "business is good today"; "show me where the business was today"
n01096454	the business given to a commercial establishment by its customers; "even before noon there was a considerable patronage"
n01096674	any enterprise in which losses and gains cancel out; "at the end of the year the accounting department showed that it was a wash"
n01096873	habitual patronage; "I have given this tailor my custom for many years"
n01096997	very large and profitable volume of commercial activity
n01097119	a particular kind of commercial enterprise; "they are outstanding in their field"
n01097292	the world of commercial activity where goods and services are bought and sold; "without competition there would be no market"; "they were driven from the marketplace"
n01097739	an illegal market in which goods or currencies are bought and sold in violation of rationing or controls
n01097920	a market in which more people want to sell than want to buy
n01098071	an unofficial market in which goods are bought and sold at prices lower than the official price set by a regulatory agency
n01098265	a market in which more people want to buy than want to sell
n01098404	the market in which workers compete for jobs and employers compete for workers
n01098541	a commercial enterprise owned by the people who work for it
n01098698	the commercial activity of providing funds and capital
n01098968	the financial activities of corporation
n01099109	the act of financing
n01099231	large and complex financial transactions (often used with the implication that those individuals or institutions who engage in them are unethical)
n01099436	the act of investing; laying out money or capital in an enterprise with the expectation of profit
n01099768	investing in United States businesses by foreign citizens (often involves stock ownership of the business)
n01099946	investing with borrowed money as a way to amplify potential gains (at the risk of greater losses)
n01100147	financing a commercial enterprise by bond or stock shares
n01100273	transacting business with a bank; depositing or withdrawing funds or requesting a loan etc.
n01100491	banking in which transactions are conducted by means of electronic communication (via telephone or computer)
n01100658	engaging in the business of keeping money for savings and checking accounts or for exchange or for issuing loans and credit etc.
n01100877	a jointly owned commercial enterprise (usually organized by farmers or consumers) that produces and distributes goods and services and is run for the benefit of its owners
n01101114	the business of selling merchandise at a discount
n01101227	the business of selling real estate
n01101329	the business of drawing public attention to goods and services
n01101571	forceful and insistent advertising
n01101661	suggestive or persuasive advertising
n01101753	circulating printed notices as a means of advertising
n01101958	the business of issuing printed matter for sale or distribution
n01102256	(computer science) the use of microcomputers with graphics capacity to produce printed materials
n01102436	the communication of something to the public; making information generally known
n01102574	the act of publishing again
n01102712	a writing for publication especially one of a collection of writings as an article or story
n01102862	publication in serial form
n01103000	the craft of composing type and printing from it
n01103159	the business of producing printed material for sale or distribution
n01103374	the act of intaglio printing
n01103492	using photography to produce a plate for printing
n01103614	the act of issuing printed materials
n01103788	the business of packing; "his business is packaging for transport"
n01103964	wholesale packaging of meat for future sale (including slaughtering and processing and distribution to retailers)
n01104174	the act of packaging cargo into unit loads
n01104324	providing food and services
n01104406	a large-scale farming enterprise
n01104544	growing vegetables for the market
n01104637	the commercial activity involved in repairing old structures or constructing new ones; "their main business is home construction"; "workers in the building trades"
n01105038	construction of inferior buildings for a quick profit
n01105152	the act of laying slates for a roof
n01105259	the commercial enterprise of moving goods and materials
n01105635	transportation by air
n01105737	ship traffic; "the channel will be open to navigation as soon as the ice melts"
n01105909	the activity of transporting goods by truck
n01106118	the work of taking something away in a cart or truck and disposing of it
n01106272	transporting goods commercially at rates cheaper than express rates
n01106460	rapid transport of goods
n01106587	transport by boat or aircraft
n01106715	trade from upper-class customers
n01106808	the act of transacting within or between groups (as carrying on commercial activities); "no transactions are possible without him"; "he has always been honest is his dealings with me"
n01107359	transactions of professional or public interest; "news of current affairs"; "great affairs of state"
n01107549	affairs between nations; "you can't really keep up with world affairs by watching television"
n01107726	financial transactions at a brokerage; having to do with the execution of trades and keeping customer records
n01107932	transferring ownership
n01108150	(law) the voluntary and absolute transfer of title and possession of real property from one person to another; "the power of alienation is an essential ingredient of ownership"
n01108402	act of transferring property title from one person to another
n01108641	act of transferring a title or right or claim to another
n01108753	the voluntary transfer of something (title or possession) from one party to another
n01108971	the delivery of personal property in trust by the bailor to the bailee
n01109114	the transfer of goods and services to an ally to aid in a common cause; "lend-lease during World War II was extremely generous"
n01109311	transfer of property from ecclesiastical to civil possession
n01109467	the act of giving something in return for something received; "deductible losses on sales or exchanges of property are allowable"
n01109687	an equal exchange; "we had no money so we had to live by barter"
n01109934	the swapping of horses (accompanied by much bargaining)
n01110063	act of exchanging favors for mutual gain; especially trading of influence or votes among legislators to gain passage of certain projects
n01110274	a particular instance of buying or selling; "it was a package deal"; "I had no further trade with him"; "he's a master of the business deal"
n01110633	a deal to provide military arms
n01110720	a business deal on a trivial scale
n01110811	a transaction in the stock market at a price below the price of the preceding transaction
n01110973	a transaction in the stock market at a price above the price of the preceding transaction
n01111133	obtaining funds from a lender
n01111236	borrowing and leaving an article as security for repayment of the loan
n01111375	the act of paying for the use of something (as an apartment or house or car)
n01111569	the transaction in 1867 in which the United States Secretary of State William Henry Seward purchased Alaska from Russia
n01111750	the commercial activity of buying and bringing in goods from a foreign country
n01111952	the commercial activity of selling and shipping goods to a foreign country
n01112132	secretly importing prohibited goods or goods on which duty is due
n01112289	the smuggling of guns and ammunition into a country secretly and illegally
n01112420	the commercial processes involved in promoting and selling and distributing a product or service; "most companies have a manager in charge of marketing"
n01112739	marketing via a promotion delivered directly to the individual prospective customer
n01112885	the commercial activity of transporting and selling goods from a producer to a consumer
n01113068	the exchange of goods for an agreed sum of money
n01113595	a way of selling a company's product either directly or via distributors; "possible distribution channels are wholesalers or small retailers or retail chains or direct mailers or your own stores"
n01113867	buying and selling; especially illicit trade
n01114055	traffic in illegal drugs
n01114172	traffic in ecclesiastical offices or preferments
n01114284	traffic in slaves; especially in Black Africans transported to America in the 16th to 19th centuries
n01114458	the selling of goods to consumers; usually in small quantities and not for resale
n01114646	the selling of goods to merchants; usually in large quantities for resale to consumers
n01114824	a particular instance of selling; "he has just made his first sale"; "they had to complete the sale before the banks closed"
n01115017	the sale by a company of a product line or a subsidiary or a division
n01115162	the activity of persuading someone to buy; "it was a hard sell"
n01115348	selling (an article or cartoon) for publication in many magazines or newspapers at the same time; "he received a comfortable income from the syndication of his work"
n01115589	selling goods abroad at a price below that charged in the domestic market
n01115734	a method of selling in which the price is reduced until a buyer is found
n01115866	the activities involved in selling commodities directly to consumers
n01116026	the use of the telephone as an interactive medium for promotion and sales
n01116206	automatic transmission and measurement of data from remote sources by wire or radio or other means
n01116360	the measurement of temperature
n01116466	the measurement of changes in weight as a function of changes in temperature used as a technique of chemically analyzing substances
n01116696	the measurement of intraocular pressure by determining the amount of force needed to make a slight indentation in the cornea
n01116876	receiving orders via telephone
n01116968	the act of selling goods for a living
n01117164	a commercial undertaking that risks a loss but promises a profit
n01117318	the measurement of viscosity
n01117454	the selling of something purchased
n01117541	the general activity of selling; "they tried to boost sales"; "laws limit the sale of handguns"
n01117723	an occasion (usually brief) for buying at specially reduced prices; "they held a sale to reduce their inventory"; "I got some great bargains at their annual sale"
n01118182	a sale of miscellany; often for charity; "the church bazaar"
n01118338	bazaar at which books are sold or auctioned off in order to raise funds for a worthy cause
n01118495	a fair at which objects made by craftsmen are offered for sale
n01118614	an outdoor sale at which people sell things from the trunk of their car
n01118776	a sale to reduce inventory
n01118890	a sale intended to dispose of all remaining stock
n01119012	a sale of merchandise supposedly damaged by fire
n01119116	a sale of assets at very low prices typically when the seller faces bankruptcy
n01119250	an outdoor sale of used personal or household items held on the seller's premises
n01119401	a sale of all the tangible assets of a business that is about to close; "during the Great Depression going-out-of-business sales were very common"
n01119620	a sale in order to obtain money (as a sale of stock or a sale of the estate of a bankrupt person) or the money so obtained
n01119850	a sale of donated articles
n01119949	a sale of a relatively large number of assets (stocks or bonds or commodities) at a low price typically done to dispose of them rather than as normal trade
n01120176	a sale of household linens
n01120259	the trade of a funeral director
n01120348	the craft of upholstering
n01120448	the act of paying money
n01120855	the deliberate act of failing to pay money; "his evasion of all his creditors"; "he was indicted for nonpayment"
n01121070	payment of an obligation in a series of installments or transfers
n01121245	payment (usually by doctors or lawyers) of part of the fee in return for the referral
n01121390	the act of paying too much
n01121492	payment in advance
n01121585	payment for the release of someone
n01121690	the act of returning money received previously
n01121855	the act of paying for goods or services or to recompense for losses; "adequate remuneration for his work"
n01122037	giving in acknowledgment of obligation
n01122149	the act of spending or disbursing money
n01122387	payment by one nation for protection by another
n01122488	the act of paying less than required
n01122601	the act of spending money for goods or services
n01122754	spending money raised by borrowing; used by governments to stimulate their economy
n01122938	the reduction of the value of an asset by prorating its cost over a period of years
n01123095	the movement of persons from one country or locality to another
n01123304	a large migration of people to a newly discovered gold field
n01123420	a headlong rush of people on a common impulse; "when he shouted `fire' there was a stampede to the exits"
n01123598	control exerted (actively or passively) by group action
n01124110	social control achieved as a manifestation of self-will or general consent
n01124246	a mechanism of social control for enforcing a society's standards
n01124384	control over the growth of population; a government program
n01124508	the activities and affairs involved in managing a state or a government; "unemployment dominated the politics of the inter-war years"; "government agencies multiplied beyond the control of representative politics"
n01124794	the act of governing; exercising authority; "regulations for the governing of state prisons"; "he had considerable experience of government"
n01125562	government that is inefficient or dishonest
n01125693	the act of making or enacting laws
n01125959	legislation that makes something illegal; "the criminalization of marijuana"
n01126151	legislation that makes something legal that was formerly illegal
n01126335	(law) government activities seeking to dissolve corporate trusts and monopolies (especially under the United States antitrust laws)
n01126564	the craft and science of growing grapes and making wine
n01126709	the cultivation of grapes and grape vines; grape growing
n01126856	the passing of a law by a legislative body
n01127019	the act of enforcing; ensuring observance of or obedience to
n01127245	the act of compelling by force of authority
n01127379	the act of accomplishing some aim or executing some order; "the agency was created for the implementation of the policy"
n01127623	the act of imposing something (as a tax or an embargo)
n01127874	the imposition of duties or quotas on imports in order to protect domestic industry against foreign competition; "he made trade protection a plank in the party platform"
n01128137	ensuring obedience to the laws
n01128266	the actions of a vigilance committee in trying to enforce the laws
n01128390	social control by dominating
n01128547	domination of a political organization by a party boss
n01128655	the act of mastering or subordinating someone
n01128806	domination (of a market or commodity) to the exclusion of others
n01128984	the adoption of the behavior patterns of the surrounding culture; "the socialization of children to the norms of their culture"
n01129363	socialization through training and education to develop one's mind or manners; "her cultivation was remarkable"
n01129532	helping someone grow up to be an accepted member of the community; "they debated whether nature or nurture was more important"
n01129920	the social force that binds you to the courses of action demanded by that force; "we must instill a sense of duty in our children"; "every right implies a responsibility; every opportunity, an obligation; every possession, a duty"- John D.Rockefeller Jr
n01130560	an obligation arising out of considerations of right and wrong; "he did it out of a feeling of moral obligation"
n01130735	the obligation of those of high rank to be honorable and generous (often used ironically)
n01130905	the duty of proving a disputed charge
n01131004	the responsibilities of a citizen
n01131135	the civic duty to serve on a jury
n01131224	duty of a child to its parents
n01131330	some duty that is essential and urgent
n01131425	a duty that is incumbent upon you
n01131515	acts which the law requires be done or forborne
n01131656	the legal duty of a fiduciary to act in the best interests of the beneficiary
n01131794	the care that a reasonable man would exercise under the circumstances; the standard for determining legal duty
n01131993	supervised care for delinquent or neglected children usually in an institution or substitute home
n01132148	more attention and consideration than is normally bestowed by prudent persons; "the pilot exercised great care in landing"
n01132327	the guardianship and control exercised by a deity; "divine providence"
n01132472	such care as a careless or inattentive person would exercise
n01132590	all that is normally required in some area of responsibility
n01132709	the supposed responsibility of the white race to provide care for their non-white subjects
n01132864	behavior intended to please your parents; "their children were never very strong on obedience"; "he went to law school out of respect for his father's wishes"
n01133106	the control of a country by military forces of a foreign power
n01133281	the act of managing something; "he was given overall management of the program"; "is the direction of the economy a function of government?"
n01133760	the direction of an orchestra or choir; "he does not use a baton for conducting"
n01133933	creation and maintenance of a database
n01134037	the management of money and credit and banking and investments
n01134244	the management of a household
n01134330	bad or dishonest management by persons supposed to act on another's behalf
n01134479	management that is careless or inefficient; "he accomplished little due to the mismanagement of his energies"
n01134699	the complete mismanagement or mishandling of a situation; "a typical bureaucratic screwup"
n01134861	the management of someone or something; "the handling of prisoners"; "the treatment of water sewage"; "the right to equal treatment in the criminal justice system"
n01135163	the act of treating waste or pollutants by the use of microorganisms (as bacteria) that can break down the undesirable substances
n01135372	method or manner of conduct in relation to others; "honest dealing"
n01135529	management by overseeing the performance or operation of a person or group
n01135795	keeping watch over examination candidates to prevent cheating
n01135952	a method of tending to or managing the affairs of a some group of people (especially the group's business affairs)
n01136265	the way of administering a business
n01136375	administration of the activities contributing directly to an organization's output
n01136519	the act of organizing a business or an activity related to a business; "he was brought in to supervise the organization of a new department"
n01136985	the act of administering or being in charge of something; "he has responsibility for the running of two companies at the same time"
n01137206	the tiresome but essential details that must be taken care of and tasks that must be performed in running an organization; "he sets policy and leaves all the administrivia to his assistant"
n01137455	shrewd or crafty management of public affairs; "we was innocent of stratagems and polity"
n01137597	an organization chartered for other than profit-making activities
n01137760	the organization of a business according to scientific principles of management in order to increase efficiency
n01137987	the imposition of a new organization; organizing differently (often involving extensive and drastic changes); "a committee was appointed to oversee the reorganization of the curriculum"; "top officials were forced out in the cabinet shakeup"
n01138399	organizing yourself (especially organizing your own labor union)
n01138547	organizing into or administering as a syndicate
n01138670	the act of conferring legality or sanction or formal warrant
n01139000	the act of final authorization; "it had the sanction of the church"
n01139194	the act of giving a formal (usually written) authorization
n01139490	sanction by a religious rite; "they are living together without benefit of clergy"
n01139636	by the sanction or authority of; "halt in the name of the law"
n01139749	authoritative approval
n01139830	the act of certifying or bestowing a franchise on
n01140029	the act of withdrawing certification or terminating a franchise
n01140193	the act of granting credit or recognition (especially with respect to educational institution that maintains suitable standards); "a commission is responsible for the accreditation of medical schools"
n01140471	the act of granting authority to undertake certain functions
n01140658	the commission that is given to a government and its policies through an electoral victory
n01140839	authorizing subordinates to make certain decisions
n01141160	the delegation of authority (especially from a central to a regional government)
n01141366	formal authorization to get a loan (usually from a bank)
n01141482	routine authorization of an action without questions
n01141593	permission to proceed; "the plane was given clearance to land"
n01141729	formal permission to depart; "he gave me his conge"
n01141841	the act of allowing; "He objected to the allowance of smoking in the dining room"
n01142014	an exemption from some rule or obligation
n01142150	an official dispensation to act contrary to a rule or regulation (typically a building regulation); "a zoning variance"
n01142324	official recognition of the right of individuals to hold dissenting opinions (especially in religion)
n01142519	management through specified channels of communication
n01142843	the production of a canal or a conversion to canals
n01143040	the activity of putting or setting in order in advance of some act or purpose; "preparations for the ceremony had begun"
n01143409	the distribution of forces in preparation for battle or work
n01143580	preliminary preparation as a basis or foundation; "we are prepared today because of groundwork that was done ten years ago"
n01143760	the withdrawal and redistribution of forces in an attempt to use them more effectively
n01143957	final preparation and adjustments
n01144046	the act of making something ready
n01144133	an act of formulating a program for a definite course of action; "the planning was more fun than the trip itself"
n01144355	setting an order and time for planned events
n01144555	act or process of unloading and loading and servicing a vessel or aircraft for